Physics / Fizik
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/6
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Article Citation - WoS: 7Citation - Scopus: 7Mfm Imaging of Expanded Austenite Formed on 304 Ss and Cocrmo Alloys(Elsevier Ltd., 2014) Öztürk, Orhan; Fidan, Mehmet; Mändl, StephanNew data related to the magnetic nature of the expanded austenite layers on CoCrMo and austenitic stainless steel by nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) are presented. Implantations were performed in the temperature range between 300 and 550°C for a fixed processing time of 1h. Magnetic properties, nitrogen distribution, implanted layer phases, and surface topography were studied with a combination of experimental techniques involving magnetic force microscopy, SIMS, XRD, SEM and AFM. As a function of the processing temperature, phase evolution stage for both alloys follows the same trend: (1) initial stage of the expanded phase formation, γN; (2) its full development; and (3) its decomposition into CrN precipitates and the Cr-depleted matrix, fcc γ-(Co, Mo) for CoCrMo and bcc α-(Fe, Ni) for 304 SS. MFM imaging reveals distinct, stripe-like ferromagnetic domains for the fully developed expanded austenite layers both on CoCrMo and 304 SS alloys. Weak domain structures are observed for the CoCrMo samples treated at low and high processing temperatures. The images also provide strong evidence for grain orientation dependence of magnetic properties. The ferromagnetic state for the γN phase observed here is mainly linked to large lattice expansions due to high N content.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 3Use of Combination of Accelerator-Based Ion-Beam Analysis Techniques To the Investigation of the Corrosion Behavior of Cocrmo Alloy(Elsevier Ltd., 2014) Noli, F.; Misaelides, P.; Lagoyannis, A.; Pichon, L.; Öztürk, OrhanNuclear Reaction Analysis - NRA in combination with d-RBS (Ed: 1.35 MeV) was applied in order to investigate the corrosion behavior of CoCrMo alloy. The corrosion resistance of the alloy was compared to that of modified CoCrMo samples by several techniques as plasma nitriding and oxidizing at moderate temperature (∼400 °C). Electrochemical techniques in simulated body fluid 0.9% NaCl (37 °C) were applied in order to accelerate the corrosion process. The nitrogen depth distribution before and after the corrosion was determined using the 14N(d,α)12C and the 14N(d,p)15N nuclear reactions whereas the oxygen by the 16O(d,p)17O. The surface morphology and microstructure was investigated using microscopy techniques. It was found that surface treatments produce thick nitrided layers (5-6 μm) consisting of a supersaturated nitrogen solution (nitrogen concentration is ∼30 at.%) in the matrix (expanded phase γN) and a thin oxygen solution (0.3 μm). The samples subjected to plasma nitridation and oxidation exhibited the lowest deterioration and better resistance to corrosion compared to the single nitrided or single oxidized and the untreated material. This could be attributed to the modified surface region with the high nitrogen content and the presence of oxygen.Article Citation - WoS: 11Citation - Scopus: 13Magnetic Layer Formation on Plasma Nitrided Cocrmo Alloy(Elsevier Ltd., 2011) Öztürk, Orhan; Okur, Salih; Pichon, L.; Liedke, M. O.; Riviere, Jean PaulIn this study structural and magnetic character of the expanded austenite phase (γN) layer formed on a medical grade CoCrMo alloy by a low-pressure Radio-Frequency plasma nitriding process was investigated. The formation of the expanded austenite phase is facilitated at a substrate temperature near 400°C for 1, 2, 4, 6 and 20h under a gas mixture of 60% N2-40% H2. The magnetic state of the γN layers was determined by a surface sensitive technique, magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE), and with a scanning probe microscope in magnetic force mode (MFM). Strong evidence for the ferromagnetic nature of the γN-(Co,Cr,Mo) phase is provided by the observation of stripe domain structures and the hysteresis loops. The ferromagnetic state for the γN phase observed here is mainly linked to large lattice expansions (~10%) due to high N contents (~30at.%). As an interstitial impurity, nitrogen dilates the host lattice i.e. the Co-Co (or Fe-Fe) distance is increased, which strongly influences the magnetic interactions. An analogy between the magnetic properties of the expanded phases, γN-(Fe,Cr,Ni) and γN-(Co,Cr,Mo), formed in austenitic stainless steel alloys and the CoCrMo alloy of this study is made, and it is suggested that the ferromagnetic states for the γN-(Co,Cr,Mo) and γN-(Fe,Cr,Ni) phases may be correlated with the volume dependence of the magnetic properties of fcc-Co/Co4N and fcc-Fe/Fe4N, respectively.Article Citation - WoS: 19Citation - Scopus: 19Biofilm Formation by Staphylococcus Epidermidis on Nitrogen Ion Implanted Cocrmo Alloy Material(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2007) Öztürk, Orhan; Sudağıdan, Mert; Türkan, UğurStaphylococcus epidermidis is the primary cause of medical device-related infections due to its adhesion and biofilm forming abilities on biomaterial surfaces. For this reason development of new materials and surfaces to prevent bacterial adhesion is inevitable. In this study, the adhesion of biofilm forming S. epidermidis strain YT-169a on nitrogen (N) ion implanted as well as on as-polished CoCrMo alloy materials were investigated. A medical grade CoCrMo alloy was ion implanted with 60 keV N ions to a high dose of 1.9 × 10 18 ions/cm2 at substrate temperatures of 200 and 400°C. The near-surface implanted layer crystal structures, implanted layer thicknesses, and roughnesses were characterized by XRD, SEM and AFM. The number of adherent bacteria on the surfaces of N implanted specimens was found to be 191 × 106 CFU/cm2 for the 200°C and 70 × 106 CFU/cm2 for the 400°C specimens compared to the as-polished specimen (3 × 106 CFU/cm2). The adhesion test results showed that S. epidermidis strain YT-169a adhere much more efficiently to the N implanted surfaces than to the as-polished CoCrMo alloy surface. This was attributed mainly to the rougher surfaces associated with the N implanted specimens in comparison with the relatively smooth surface of the as-polished specimen.