Environmental Engineering / Çevre Mühendisliği

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/4321

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  • Conference Object
    3d Modeling of a Historical Mine Waste Site Using Uav Images: Estimation of Stockpile Volumes
    (Springer, 2023) Önal, Okan; Gündüz, Orhan
    In recent decades, the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) for land surveying became very popular because of their simplicity and low cost. Aerial images of the site can be used for the reconstruction of the site’s 3D digital model. Once proper calibrations are made, these digital models can be used for several purposes including stockpile volume estimation, stability analyses, forensic engineering and archiving, etc. In this study, the 3D model of an abandoned historical mine waste disposal site located in Balıkesir-Turkey was reconstructed for the estimation of the waste stockpile volumes. The historical mine site is a facility that was abandoned more than 80 years ago. Mine wastes of different quality were disposed of in and around the site along the hydrologically intermittent creek that passes through the site. No engineered precautions were taken at the site to reduce the environmental impacts and all waste piles were exposed to the natural eroding effect of precipitation and wind. The total amount of the waste volume is not known accurately, which prevents researchers to quantify the potential impacts associated with different waste stockpiles. Thus, a 3D digital model of the site was created by using UAV data obtained from a quadcopter and later processed to obtain a digital topography of the site with an improved accuracy value of ± 2 cm. The stockpiles were later analyzed with geographic information systems to characterize the magnitude of mine wastes and to propose alternative engineering solutions for environmental mitigation. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2023.
  • Book Part
    Arsenic Removal by Electrocoagulation
    (Wiley, 2022) Gören, Ayşegül Yağmur; Kobya, Mehmet
    Because of the toxic impacts on human health, the arsenic (As) limit value in drinking water was decreased from 50 to 10 ?g l-1 by the relevant authorities (WHO 1993; US EPA 2001). In this case, the problem of As pollution in natural water resources used for drinking water has grown even more and turned into a global crisis. According to reports in many parts of the world, over about 230 million people appear to be affected by high arsenic concentrations in groundwater. In this case, it turned out that there was a great need for cost-effective and environmentally friendly technologies from drinking water sources. One of the emerging water treatment technologies in recent years is electrocoagulation (EC) and it has been seen that it is effective in treating As (>99%) from water and eliminates some of the disadvantages of other conventional treatment processes. EC method includes electro-oxidation of anode electrode materials (iron and aluminum) and in situ production of coagulant agents. From groundwater resources with As content of 5-1000 ?g l-1, As removal efficiencies and operating costs (OCS) of EC technology using iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) anodes were 85.0-99.9% and 0.0020-1.04 US$ m-3, respectively. Different types (plate, scrap, rod, and ball) of electrodes were used for As removal with the EC process, and it was observed that Fe electrodes or Fe-Al hybrid electrodes performed better in As removal. In addition, it has been determined that arsenate (As(V)) removal is more effective than arsenite (As(III)). A significant quantity of As(III) is oxidized in the EC process, resulting in precipitation, adsorption, and metal-oxy hydroxylic complex reactions. EC process has a lower OC to achieve As removal below the permissible WHO value compared to conventional treatment processes, accomplishing it as a further applicable option for As removal. © 2023 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Book Part
    Citation - Scopus: 3
    Biogas Production From Aquatic Biomass
    (Elsevier, 2022) Wieczorek, Nils; Kosheleva, Arina; Kuchta, Kerstin; Önen Çınar, Senem; Küçüker, Mehmet Ali
    The use of aquatic biomass such as algae, macrophytes, or submerged macrophytes as raw material for biogas production has numerous technical and biological advantages. In addition, synergy effects can be exploited taking into account the implementation of biogas systems in urban areas, and coupling between the production of aquatic biomass, biogas production, and urban material flows can be established. Aquatic biomass, which can be the residue of downstream processes or collected from water bodies in cities, represents an excellent opportunity for both material and energy needs. Anaerobic digestion is a widely implemented technology that is already proven for the treatment of various biomasses. Several studies showed that aquatic biomass is a valuable substrate with its high methane yield, especially codigestion processes. This chapter represents the main idea of the anaerobic digestion process while focusing on the features of the aquatic biomass applications in this process.
  • Book Part
    The Role of Polyurethane Foam Indoors in the Fate of Flame Retardants and Other Semivolatile Organic Compounds
    (American Chemical Society, 2021) Genişoğlu, Mesut; Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil; Sofuoğlu, Aysun
    Flame retardant chemicals are added to polyurethane foams (PUFs) during production. These chemicals are released to the environment during the use of PUF containing furniture or building materials. In contrast, organic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, synthetic musk compounds, and volatile organic compounds could be sorbed by PUF depending on the concentration gradient, ambient temperature, and the physicochemical properties. Most of these substances tend to accumulate by adhering to organic matter in dust, particles, and surfaces, as they do not degrade for long periods of time. Sorption-emission cycles of PUF-associated organic compounds prolong their presence in indoor environments, which could increase human exposure. Since these organic compounds might have carcinogenic or chronic-toxic health effects on living organisms, it is important to understand the role of PUF in exposure to these substances in indoor environments. This chapter reviews the literature on the relationship of organic substances with PUF in indoor environments.