Environmental Engineering / Çevre Mühendisliği

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  • Article
    Phytoremediation of Boron Containing Synthetic Aqueous Solutions and Real Geothermal Water Using Lemna Minor
    (2021) Ökten, Hatice Eser; Gören, Ayşegül Yağmur
    In this paper, phytoremediation performance of Lemna minor L. on boron (B) removal from synthetic solution and real geothermal brine was evaluated. Effects of B concentration, initial pH, water height in cell, and initial humic acid concentration were investigated. The maximum removal efficiency was 96.7 % with the experimental run with B concentration of 5 mg L-1, pH 8, and 1.5 cm water depth. Increasing the B concentration from 5 to 30 mg L-1 resulted in a drastic decrease in removal efficiency to 36.6 %, due to the toxic effect of high boron content, which was clearly observed from deterioration of plant’s color and structure. SEM, FTIR, and mass balance analyses revealed that the boron removal mechanism was mainly biosorption. Geothermal water experiments indicated L. minor’s applicability with 59.5% removal efficiency, proving high potential in being used for post-treatment of geothermal waters with high boron content.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 33
    Citation - Scopus: 37
    Energy Production From Treatment of Industrial Wastewater and Boron Removal in Aqueous Solutions Using Microbial Desalination Cell
    (Elsevier, 2021) Gören, Ayşegül Yağmur; Ökten, Hatice Eser
    As a result of a much needed paradigm shift worldwide, treated saline water is being considered as a viable option for replacing freshwater resources in agricultural irrigation. Vastly produced geothermal brine in Turkey may pose a significant environmental risk due to its high ionic strength, specifically due to boron. Boron species, which are generally found uncharged in natural waters, are costly to remove using high-throughput membrane technologies such as reverse osmosis. Recent advances in bioelectrochemical systems (BES) has facilitated development of energetically self-sufficient wastewater treatment and desalination. In this study, removal of boron from synthetic solutions and real geothermal waters, along with simultaneous energy production, using the microbial desalination cell (MDC) were investigated. Optimization studies were conducted by varying boron concentrations (5, 10, and 20 mg L-1), air flow rates (0, 1, and 2 L min(-1)), electrode areas (18, 24, 36, and 72 cm(2)), catholyte solutions, and operating modes. Even though the highest concentration decrease was observed for 20 mg-B L-1, 5 mg-B L-1 concentration experiment gave the closest result to the 2.4 mg-B L-1 limit value asserted by WHO. Effect of electrode surface area was proven to be significant on boron removal efficiency. Employing the optimum conditions acquired with synthetic solutions, boron and COD removal efficiencies from real geothermal brine were 44.3% and 90.6%, respectively. MDC, being in its early levels of technology readiness, produced promising desalination and energy production results in removal of boron from geothermal brine.