Environmental Engineering / Çevre Mühendisliği

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/4321

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Author: search.filters.author.Kahraman, DilekInstitution Author: search.filters.institutionAuthor.Küçüker, Mehmet Ali

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  • Article
    Shotgun Metagenomic Analysis for Mucilage in the Surface Waters of the Çanakkale Strait (dardanelles): Metabolic Diversity, Microbial Community Structure and Antibiotic Resistance Genes
    (2021) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Küçüker, Mehmet Ali; Kahraman, Dilek; Çelik, Ekrem Şanver; Küçüker, Mehmet Ali; 03.07. Department of Environmental Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    In this study, we used shotgun metagenome sequencing to examine the metabolic diversity, microbial community structure and diverse antimicrobial resistance genes of mucilage in the surface waters of the Çanakkale Strait (Dardanelles). Mucilage samples were collected in April 2021 from the three different stations of the Dardanelles. The dominant microbial communities at the phylum level were Bacteroidetes (20.06%), Proteobacteria (13.68%), Verrucomicrobia (6.25%), Planctomycetes (3.02%) and Cyanobacteria (2.5%). Metabolic pathway analysis using KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) revealed that most of the genes of mucilage samples were involved in unclassified (73.86%) followed by metabolism (14.45%), genetic information processing (4.16%), environmental information processing (2.57%), cellular processing (1.88%), human diseases (1.61%), and organismal systems (1.47%). The dfrA3 gene was the most prevalent (20.36%) followed by CRP (18.17%), PmrE (14.92%), rpoB2 (11.17%), SoxR (7.49%), AbeS (6.83%), baeR (5.22%), PmrF (3.70%), dfrA22 (2.20%), dfrA26 (1.76%), dfrA20 (1.63%), golS (1.26%), CAT (1.03%), mtrA (1.01%), TMB-1 (0.64%), novA (0.64%), dfrK (0.59%), vanXB (0.48%), dfrG (0.39%), FosC2 (0.31%), and MexA (0.20%) genes. Antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) types mainly included the resistance genes of multidrug (40.19%), trimethoprim (26.93%), polymyxin (18.62%), rifamycin (11.17%), chloramphenicol (1.03%), aminocoumarin (0.64%), beta-lactamase (0.64%), fosfomycin (0.31%), and vancomycin (0.48%). Antibiotic-resistant bacteria in mucilage can adhere to human skin during swimming, fishing, water sports etc., enter the body through the nose and mouth, and transfer genetic information to the bacteria in contact areas in the human body. Therefore, this situation is risky in public health, and necessary precautions should be taken. In the light of these findings, it has been observed that there is a need for more detailed studies in the future.
  • Article
    Metagenomic Characterization of Planktonic Communities During a Mucilage Event in the Çanakkale Strait (dardanelles), Turkey
    (2021) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Küçüker, Mehmet Ali; Küçüker, Mehmet Ali; Kahraman, Dilek; 03.07. Department of Environmental Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    The present study investigates the planktonic communities through metagenomics sequencing during a mucilage event in the Çanakkale Strait (Dardanelles), Turkey. Mucilage samples were collected in May 2021 during an intense period of mucilage formation in three different stations of Dardanelles (Station 1: 40°9'8.09"N, 26°24'16.19"E; Station 2: 40°6'21.62"N, 26°22'41.25"E; Station 3: 40°6'42.78"N, 26°23'57.00"E). The dominant planktonic eukaryotes, at the phylum level, were Dinoflagellata (38.57%), Protalveolata (15.03%), Diatomea (12.41%), Nematozoa (8.44%), Apicomplexa (6.79%) and Chlorophyta (5.43%), which constituted 86.68 % of the total number of sequences. The most dominant OTUs (>10%), were Alexandrium and Syndiniales Group II. other dominant OTUs (>2%) were Viscosia sp., Lankesteria, Arcocellulus, Thalassiosira and Nannochloris. This study has clarified the situation of planktonic communities during a mucilage event in the Çanakkale Strait (Dardanelles), Turkey. As a result, the most dominant genus was Alexandrium, which has been known to produce mucilage. Some Alexandrium species can produce toxins, cause severe impacts on human health, and lead to bivalve, shrimp, and fish mortality. Therefore, a more detailed study is needed to determine the Alexandrium toxins in the mucilage structure. In addition, the heavy metal content of the obtained mucilage was investigated, and the concentrations of the As and Cr are above the disposal limits in the landfill sites. Therefore, collected mucilage from the sea surface should be checked before sending it to landfill sites in terms of the heavy metal content.