City and Regional Planning / Şehir ve Bölge Planlama
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/4274
Browse
8 results
Search Results
Article Evaluation of the Effects of Covid-19 Lockdowns and Strict Restrictions on İstanbul's Air Quality(İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, 2023) Köse, ŞühedaThe Covid-19 pandemic, which started in Wuhan, China, led to several strict restrictions and lockdowns in Turkey, like many other countries. Although lockdowns have had a socially and economically negative impact, they have affected the air quality in a positive way. The aim of this study is to examine the spatial impact of lockdowns on air quality in İstanbul and to determine the correlation of polluting indicators. In line with the determined purpose, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO and NOx parameters were spatialized with ordinary kriging method in 5 different time intervals and the relativity levels between meteorology, transportation and particles that cause pollution were examined with the Pearson correlation method. As a result, lockdowns caused an increase on CO and SO2 by up to 28%, while other particles decreased by 2% to 23%. Compared to 2019, a decrease of up to 60% in all particles except CO and SO2 has shown that lockdowns have a positive effect on air quality. It was observed that the pollution, which was concentrated in urban areas before the pandemic, spread to rural areas with the precautions taken. Temperature, number of vehicles and traffic index were found to play an important role in the emission of particles, while wind speed and direction played an important role in the displacement of pollution. It has been observed that finding a positive correlation between pollutants and the factors that trigger pollution has rapidly changed the ecosystem of the city along with the policies affecting air quality. © 2023, Istanbul Teknik Universitesi, Faculty of Architecture. All rights reserved.Article Citation - Scopus: 1Contradicting Parochial Realms in Neighborhood Parks: How the Park Attributes Shape Women’s Park Use(İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, 2023) Kaştaş-uzun, İpek; Şenol, FatmaNeighborhood parks are significant green public spaces located in close social and geographical proximity to homes to maintain individual and public health. However, some people do not use the nearest parks, but those with other socio- spatial attributes that make them feel more “familiar”. This study argues that with their facilities, amenities and design, and the surrounding land uses, neighborhood parks do not only accommodate, but also define, regulate, and originate social relations among users. Thus, the design and planning of urban public spaces play a role in the emergence and maintenance of supportive and conflictual relations that lead to familiarity. The study answers two research questions: How do the park attributes shape and mediate the interpersonal relations among the park users? How do gender differences influence the parochial realms in parks? Data was collected through field observations and in-depth interviews with 33 female users of two neighborhood parks in a populous district of Izmir (Turkey). Results state that women’s park visits were related to their gendered roles and responsibilities. Yet their responses point to challenges emerging from physical and social attributes of parks and park surroundings which lead to negotiations to protect their individual or group’s privacy (parochial realm) in neighborhood parks. Mainly, perceived threats to women’s parochial realm are men unaccompanied by child(ren), and exposure to the male gaze. The study highlights the importance of investigating these attributes of neighborhood parks for developing research and public policies to improve women’s presence and perceived safety in public settings.Article Citation - Scopus: 3Creating Spaces for Art: Long Term Impacts of Street Art in the Urban Context(İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, 2022) Kolçak, Emre; Kaya Erol, NursenStreet art can be defined as any informal artistic performances or artworks practiced in the public spaces. Street art has the potential to transform the public spaces by contributing to or reducing the quality of these spaces. Through street art, in many cases, public spaces are transformed into places for entertainment, cultural activities, or areas of protests and expression of the feelings and ideas. The impacts of street art practices might be limited to one part of an open space or spread to a district or even to the entire city depending on its temporal dimen-sion. This article aims to examine the relationship of street art and public space. In this context, the article overviews the concept of street art and demonstrates its positive, negative and temporal impacts on public space. This study uses a case study approach and evaluates the long term impacts of street art practices based on the analysis of three cases in the city of İzmir, Turkey. In İzmir cases it is found out that the street art practices transformed the public space in terms of uses, activities and built environment quality and had impacts on economic and social structure of the community. The findings of this study reveal that street art holds the potential of contributing to the city life through creating spaces for artistic activities and moreover of changing the meaning and identity of the public spaces and the settlements.Article Citation - Scopus: 1Evaluation of the Location Choice of Software Industry in Istanbul Based on the Types of Economy(İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, 2022) Köse, Şüheda; Berkoz, Ayşe LaleOne of the main fields of economic growth in developing countries is the software industry, which is one of the innovative industries. Istanbul has a great potential for software creation with its artistic potential, its unique cultural heritage, social networks, and engagement. The purpose of this article is to explore the clustering pattern of Istanbul’s software industry and the choice of location from a spatial perspective, based on the types of economy. Three important conclusions have been reached by studying the spatial activity trends of the industry. Results include: (i) the software industry has a polycentric cluster pattern in the historical city center axis, (ii) a seat for the technological parks of particularly prestigious Universities in the center, and (iii) a chosen location in the center of town to benefit from the artistic industry. The results of this study will be a guide to the potential that will lead to the creative economy’s growth in Istanbul’s future plans.Article Urban Protection And Renewal Dilemma: İzmir Mezarlıkbaşı(İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, 2021) Akpınar, Figen; Turan, Mine; Toköz, Özge DenizAt the beginning of the 21st century, efforts to preserve cultural heritage in historical settlements is a highly problematic and multi-faceted issue in Turkey. Al-though conservation legislation dates back to 60 years ago, heritage conservation has not been internalized and accepted in the wider part of society, and, has not established a sound political foundation. On the other, however, there is also a lack of integrated land-use planning and management. The purpose of this study is to present the difficulties of dealing with the conservation, renewal, and regeneration for heritage areas in the historic core of İzmir, Mezarlıkbaşı-Kemeraltı, as well as to discuss the intrinsic physical qualities, dynamic characters and diversity of community groups with a view of new spatial agenda. The objective of the study is therefore twofold: 1) documentation of the physical characteristics and values for understanding the place; 2) to evaluate incorporating integrated strategic planning and management approach pointing the need for incorporating, leadership, partnership, integration and inclusion as a policy guideline for the safeguarding the heritage area. Our findings show that the Municipality of İzmir has made a significant attempt as TARKEM’s leadership position, which has succeeded in attracting national and international interest in Kemeraltı and creating opportunities for the future, but partnership (operation), management (structure) and inclusion (its processes) still lack. Community groups are not seen as part of the planning activities and planning has been remote, fragmented and exclusively missing an integrated planning management approach. © 2021, Istanbul Teknik Universitesi, Faculty of Architecture. All rights reserved.Article Citation - Scopus: 3Regional Inequality and International Trade in Turkey: a Dynamic Spatial Panel Approach(İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, 2017) Duran, Hasan Engin; Erdem, UmutAim of the present article1 is to investigate the impact of trade liberalization on the evolution of regional income inequalities in Turkey between 2004-2011. Despite the large body of literature on this subject, there exists several directions which needs to be further explored. i. so far in the literature, the concept of trade openness is too broadly defined. However, it is not only ‘trade’ per se that can affect the regional economies but the composition of trade is also of great importance (Rodriquez-Pose and Gill, 2006). Indeed, it can be partitioned into two components, such as exports and imports. We analyze separately the impact of each component on the evolution of regional inequalities. ii. in most of the empirical studies dealing with this issue, neighboring regions are assumed to have no spatial economic interconnection between each other. We, therefore, incorporate spatial spillovers of trade and growth into our analysis. Our results are summarized in two groups: First, regional inequalities in Turkey are quite sizable but tend to decline over the period of analyses. Second, initially poorer regions that experience an export-based liberalization tend to grow faster than richer ones. Imports, on the other hand, have an opposite effect. © 2017, Istanbul Teknik Universitesi, Faculty of Architecture. All rights reserved.Article Citation - Scopus: 7Transformation in a Housing-Design Story: Reading the Spatial Typologies of Apartment Projects in Hatay-Izmir(İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, 2018) Yaylalı Yıldız, Berna; Ek, Fatma İpek; Can, IşınThe politics of central government or incentives determine new design-systems of housing plots as well as housing units. Especially after the enactment of the law of urban regeneration for risky areas, regeneration of areas under disaster risk, there has been an acceleration in knocking down old buildings and constructing new ones in inner cities. Thus, this paper focuses on the changes in housing typologies in Hatay-Izmir, in terms of space syntax parameters through the time period 1960-2000, and interprets the final plan-solutions within the perspective of urban regeneration. By accelerating implementations of the urban transformation projects in Hatay region, alternative plan-typologies coming from the past have undergone the so-called “re-design and transformation” process; however, they have actually been substituted by the “never-changing” plan-templates of the apartment typology. We will examine these changes in plan typologies and spatial organisations of the mentioned apartment-projects on the same plots by utilizing the method of space syntax and visibility analysis (VGA). Transformations in spatial configuration in two periods are interpreted through their relationships to shifts in meaning of privacy and daily life represented by degree of permeability and connectivity of housing-unit-plans based on spatial analysis. © 2018, Istanbul Teknik Universitesi, Faculty of Architecture. All rights reserved.Article Citation - Scopus: 6Fringe Belts in the Process of Urban Planning and Design: Comparative Analyses of Istanbul and Barcelona(İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, 2015) Hazar, Dalya; Kubat, Ayşe SemaThroughout history, many heuristic approaches have been used to maintain an efficient development in urban planning. One of these approaches is urban morphology. Urban morphologists and geographers have been studying urban fringe belt concept since the last half of the century; however, it is not a well-known concept in planning and design scales. Understanding the effects of different planning policies on fringe areas, their locations and functions are crucial to grasp the value they redound to the city. In this study, several concepts ere evaluated by a scoring system to understand these effects; and by this method, fringe belts of Istanbul and Barcelona have been determined and compared. Urban fringe belts are the urban entities, which have been created between the building cycles at urban periphery, then embedded within the city during the urbanization process. Fringe belts are usually urban heritages and ecologic corridors which also have tourism potential and importance in terms of the traditionalism and sense of permanency. Besides, these areas are the buffer zones which protect nature and rural areas from the negative effects of the city. However, as a result of the rapid population increase and need for new development plots, especially inner fringe belt areas which locate at the city center have been seen as new development areas. This situation which is called fringe belt alienation has taken as the main problem and evaluated in this study. For a well city development, these areas should be taken into consideration as urban entities in urban planning and design processes and should have enforcement on decision makers. Protection of the fringe character can create an urban quality, an inheritance to be left in the future.