City and Regional Planning / Şehir ve Bölge Planlama
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/4274
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Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 7Contextualising the Housing Problem of the Roma Community in Relation To Counterurbanisation in Urla, İzmir(Elsevier, 2024) Arslan Avar, Adile; Doğan, Fehmi; Özcan Cive, Yağmur; Akış, TonguçThis paper examines how the housing problem of the Roma people, living already under severe socio-spatial circumstances, has been exacerbated by counterurbanisation over recent decades in the resort town of Urla, İzmir. Based on empirical socio-spatial research adopting methodological pluralism integrating qualitative and quantitative research techniques, the study uses in-depth interviews and secondary data (e.g., real-estate web data, official statistics, and local media) as well as spatial analysis of satellite images. We limited our study to the proximity of the town center of Urla, considering the Roma community's ‘right to the city’, ensuring their right not to be exiled to the spaces of discrimination, and not to be exempted from their right to appear and co-exist in the town center. As Urla became a prominent and attractive destination of counterurbanisation in Turkey, its growth was intensified by high-end housing production. Coming to 2000s, its urban-rural texture remained, at least physically, ‘rural’, but it had undergone significant transformation. And while this recent higher-end development accompanied by counterurbanisation is sanctioned by local authorities, the public and property owners, it leaves no room for the Roma people to find decent housing. An inquiry on the housing problem of the Roma people in Urla in relation to counterurbanisation and accompanying housing production contributes to understanding the dialectics between deregulated housing market, commodification and uneven distribution of treasury lands, neoliberal regulations, and fragmented development plans implemented in highly “path-dependent” ways. © 2023 Elsevier LtdArticle Citation - WoS: 14Citation - Scopus: 16Hybridising Counterurbanisation: Lessons From Japan's Kankeijinko(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Dilley, Luke; Gkartzios, Menelaos; Kudo, Shogo; Odagiri, TokumiThis paper examines the discourse and material manifestation of kankeijinko over bar , a phrase used in Japan to describe, primarily, highly mobile groups of urbanities who make regular visits to the countryside. Drawing on Japanese grey literature, secondary data analysis, national-level policy reports and exploratory fieldwork in the northwest of Japan, we argue that the concept of kankeijinko over bar offers a view of rural mobility quite different from more established views of counterurbanisation, at least in the way that it has been captured in the global north. As a concept, kankeijinko over bar invites us to move beyond simple and binary taxonomies of migration and settlement, and destabilizes the notion of rural vitality as being linked to rural populations that are spatially fixed and bounded. Further, the promotion of kankeijinko over bar in policy discourses in Japan has the potential to support new hybrid, fluid and place-based rural lifestyles that contribute to an interconnected global countryside. On the other hand, the discourse of kankeijinko over bar might privilege certain modes of rural mobility and being, circumscribing the potentialities of these mobile groups.Article Citation - WoS: 10Citation - Scopus: 15Introducing Climate-Related Counterurbanisation: Individual Adaptation or Societal Maladaptation?(Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Scott, Mark; Gkartzios, Menelaos; Halfacree, KeithClimate disruption today and anticipated future climate breakdown are reshaping demographic and spatial processes, with profound consequences for societies across the globe. Specifically, migration can become a key strategy to attempt to respond to and cope with environmental change. This paper seeks to make sense of one type of migration, counterurbanisation, in this climate breakdown era. It provides conceptual clarity to what is termed 'climate-related counterurbanisation' vis-`a-vis wider climate-induced migration and positions climate disruption within the counterurbanisation literature. Climate-related counterurbanisation is presented as a largely voluntary movement down the settlement hierarchy as a direct or indirect response to climate change, with positive representations of 'rurality' central to the relocation decision: individual adaptation. However, it is mediated by numerous geographically variegated and specific environmental, cultural, social and economic factors. Indeed, it may ultimately come to be seen more as maladaptation than adaptation. While moving from urban to rural may make sense at individual household level, such relocations can overall have much more negative impacts on host rural communities or the urban people left behind.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1State-Level Taylor Rule and Monetary Policy Stress(Instytut Badan Gospodarczych/Institute of Economic Research (Poland), 2023) Duran, Hasan Engin; Gajewski, PawelResearch background: Taylor rule is a widely adopted approach to follow monetary policy and investigate various mechanisms related to or triggered by monetary policy. To date, no in-depth examination of scale, determinants and spillovers of state-level monetary policy stress, stemming from the Federal Reserve Board's (Fed's) policy has been performed. Purpose of the article: This paper aims to investigate the nature of monetary policy stress on US States delivered by the single monetary policy by using a quarterly dataset spanning the years between 1989 and 2017. Methods: We apply a wide array of time series and panel regressions, such as unit root tests, co-integration tests, co-integrating FMOLS and DOLS regressions, and Spatial Panel SAR and SEM models. Findings & value added: When average stress imposed on states is calculated, it is observed that the level of stress is moderate, but the distribution across states is asymmetric. The cross-state determinants behind the average stress show that states with a higher percentage of working-age and highly educated population, as well as those with higher population density and more export-oriented are negatively stressed (i.e. they experience excessively low interest rates), whereas higher unemployment rate contributes to a positive stress (too high interest rates). To the best of our knowledge, the contribution of this paper lies in estimating monetary policy stress at the state level and unveiling some of the determinants of this stress. Moreover, the paper makes the first attempt to empirically test spatial spillovers of the stress, which are indeed found significant and negative.Article Citation - WoS: 48Citation - Scopus: 56A Spatial Evaluation of Multifunctional Ecosystem Service Networks Using Principal Component Analysis: A Case of Study in Turin, Italy(Elsevier, 2021) Salata, Stefano; Grillenzoni, CarloThe multifunctional Ecosystem Service supply analysis at the spatial level is often the output of a weighted sum of layers in a Geographic Information System (GIS). This procedure is weak in detecting and representing the relationships between the input layers. Nonetheless, composite indicators produced by overlaying techniques are quite common in applied research and their discrepancies are underestimated in the scientific community, thus affecting the quality of resulting composite maps. In this work, we empirically test the effectiveness of multivariate statistics to obtain reliable composite Ecosystem Maps in the Turin metropolitan area (north-west Italy). We apply the Principal Component Analysis (PCA, using Matlab and ESRI ArcGis) to seven Ecosystem Service models (Habitat Quality, Carbon Sequestration, Water Yield, Nutrient Retention, Sediment Retention, Crop Production and Crop Pollination) and we evaluate how much the resulting composite map differs from the traditional GIS overlay. In doing this, the spectral analysis (with eigenvectors and eigenvalues) of the covariance matrix of the normalized layers confirms the heuristic arguments about the dependence between Ecosystem Services. We show that the PCA method can provide valuable results in landscape Green Network design, avoiding the limits of standard overlaying procedures. Finally, smoothing and classification techniques, applied to PCA estimates, can further improve the approach and encourage its use in various ecological indicators.Article Citation - Scopus: 9Asymmetries Across Regional Housing Markets in Turkey(Elsevier, 2020) Duran, Hasan Engin; Özdoğan, HilalIn the literature on real estate prices, two main groups of determinants are primarily considered; speculative and fundamental variables. Empirical literature in the areas has, however, several shortcomings. First, although existing studies have analysed the role played by speculative factors, none of the studies, have measured precisely the relative importance of speculative and fundamental variables. We aim at doing this. Moreover, the literature has measured the speculation only by analysing backward-looking behavior. We improve this analysis by considering also forward-looking expectations. Second, in terms of cross-regional determinants, the literature has largely considered economic and demographic variables whereas geographical and cultural variables have been ignored. We intend to incorporate them. Hence, aim of this paper is to understand the dynamics behind the housing prices in 26 Turkish regions between 2010:1–2016:9. We employ range of econometric methods such as Vector-Autoregressions, Unit Root Analysis, Cholesky Forecast Error Variance Decompositions, Impulse-Response Functions, Panel Regressions, Lagrange Multiplier Spatial Dependence Tests and Granger Causality Tests. As an outcome, three results emerge. First, housing price appreciations are so heterogeneous across regions. Second, role of speculative behaviour is quite significant. Third, regions which have high urbanization, population, crime rate, trade openness, seaside and cultural density experience faster housing appreciations. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1The Multi-Level Policy Learning of Environmental Policy: Insights From Izmir(Routledge, 2019) Velibeyoğlu, Koray; Mengi, OnurA European Union (EU) membership perspective is important for Turkey's harmonization with EU standards, which could have positive outcomes especially in the area of smart environmental management. However, as recent political developments suggest, Turkey is losing hope of full EU membership, and is searching for alternatives, such as privileged partnership. Active contributions of city-level good practices are urgently needed. Policy learning is a part of this process, and an emergent result of ever-changing negotiations involving a multiplicity of actors at the multi-level perspective (MLP). The present study investigates the glocal environmental policy of Izmir, via a review of recent governmental environmentally sensitive local innovative practices. The findings reveal that innovative environments that increase learning-by-doing and learning-by-using will become critical for environmental policy learning in Izmir and perhaps beyond.Article Citation - Scopus: 10Asymmetries in Regional Development: Does Tfp or Capital Accumulation Matter for Spatial Inequalities?(Elsevier Ltd., 2019) Duran, Hasan EnginIn the literature on regional inequalities, commonly adopted Neo-Classical theoretical framework (Y=AK ? (hL) 1?? ) implies that disparities may arise for two reasons, either due to differences in factor endowments or TFP differentials. In the current study, we address the following rarely examined questions: i. Do regional income inequalities arise due to TFP or factor endowment disparities across regions? ii. What's their relative contribution to the level of and change in regional inequality? Our dataset covers the period 2004–2014 and 81 Turkish provinces. We use mathematical decompositions, Panel unit root, panel VAR and generalized impulse-response analyses. Results are summarized in two groups. First, the main contributor to income inequality is the disparity in regional factor endowments, whereas TFP differentials are relatively less influential. Second, the main source of decline in disparities seems to be the narrowing of TFP differences. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.Article Citation - WoS: 24Citation - Scopus: 25Prospects for Cellulosic Biofuel Production in the Northeastern United States: a Scenario Analysis(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2016) Dilekli, Naci; Duchin, FayeSecure access to energy and food are two of the challenges facing the Northeast region of the United States. Traditional biofuel feedstocks, such as corn and oil seed, are able to satisfy energy requirements. However, they compete with food production for desirable land and water resources and, in any case, are not likely to exploit the region's current comparative advantages. This study investigates a potential solution to the energy security problem in the Northeast: biofuel from advanced feedstock in the form of net forest growth and woody wastes, of which the region has abundant endowments. The federal government has committed to requiring 79.5 billion liters (BL) of advanced biofuel production annually by 2022. We evaluate both the physical capacity for its production and its cost competitiveness using an input-output model of consumption, production, and trade in the 13-state region. The model minimizes resource use required to satisfy given consumer demand using alternative technological options and subject to resource constraints. We compile data from the technical literature quantifying state-level biofuel feedstock endowments and the technological requirements for cellulosic ethanol production. We find that exploiting the region's endowment of cellulosic feedstock requires either making the price of biofuels competitive with gasoline through subsidies or restricting imports of gasoline. Based on this initial investigation, we conclude that the region can produce significant amounts of advanced biofuel, up to 20.28 BL of cellulosic ethanol per year, which could displace nearly 12.5% of the gasoline that is now devoted to motorized transport in the region.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 3Integrating Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Natural Capital Security and Urban Ecosystem Carbon Metabolism(Springer Verlag, 2018) Demirkesen, Ali Can; Evrendilek, FatihThe purpose of the study is to address and quantify the increase in urban expansion and carbon (C) metabolism burden on ecosystem service value (ESV), net ecosystem productivity (NEP), and C storage of urban footprint. Urban footprint is required to meet the demands arising from economic consumption and production as well as waste accumulation and assimilation. Spatiotemporal changes in main land covers (LCs) were detected using remotely sensed data (Landsat 5 and 8, and digital elevation model) between 1987 and 2016. Changes in ESV and C influx, efflux and pools associated with LC dynamics were approximated using global proxies for a western Mediterranean region in Turkey of 54,162 km2. Urban expansion over the 29-year period decreased ESV by 22% ($7.28 ± 0.4 billion), NEP by 4.3% (2.3 ± 9 Gg C), and total ecosystem C pool by 10.9% (1008.3 ± 1006 Gg C) and led to a 62.8% appropriation of the total NEP (50.1 ± 51 Gg C) of the urban footprint in 2016. The main cause of the environmental degradation across the study region was the loss of the seminatural areas. Our findings emphasize that the deterioration rate of ecosystems should be slowed down by natural capital-friendly decisions and should not exceed rehabilitation rate of damaged ecosystems in the face of rapidly increasing burdens of the cities on their footprint.
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