Mechanical Engineering / Makina Mühendisliği
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/4129
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Research Project Beton için Yeni Bir Statik ve Dinamik Mekanik Karakterizasyon Metodolojisi Geliştirilmesi(2017) Taşdemirci, Alper; Güden, Mustafa; Saatcı, SelçukGünümüze kadar beton malzemesi üzerine yapılan çalısmalarda betonun sekil degistirme hızına baglı olarak mukavemetinin degisimi konusunda bir fikir birligi olusturulamamıstır. Betonun yüksek deformasyon hızı testleri esnasında karsılasılan zorluklar nedeniyle test verilerinden elde edilen sonuçlar farklı sekillerde yorumlanmaktadır. Günümüzde Split Hopkinson Basınç Barı testi bu amaçla en yaygın olarak kullanılan test metodudur. Fakat testler esnasında numunede homojen olmayan gerilme dagılımı meydana gelme riski ve gerilme dalgasında dispersiyon egilimi vardır. Bahsi geçen problemleri asmak amacıyla proje kapsamında dinamik test düzeneklerinde bazı inovatif iyilestirmeler uygulanmıstır. Bunlar piezoelektrik kuartz kristal ve dalga sekillendirici kullanımıdır. Piezoelektrik kuartz kristaller numune çubuk ara yüzeylerine dogrudan yerlestirildigi için gerilme dalgasındaki dispersiyon etkisi minimize edilir. Böylece numunede meydana gelen gerilme tarihçesi daha yüksek hassasiyetle ve farklı noktalardan ölçülebilir. Numune içerisinde gerilme dengesinin saglanması beton gibi gevrek karakterli bir malzemede prematüre kırılma egiliminin önlenmesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Proje kapsamındaki deneylerde gerilme dalgası sekillendiricisi kullanılarak gerilme dalgasının siddeti ve yükleme hızı kontrol edilebilmistir. Bu sayede numune içerisinde homojen bir gerilme dagılımı saglanmıs ve prematüre kırılma egilimi önlenmistir. Statik ve dinamik mekanik karakterizasyon sonuçları incelenerek beton malzemenin mekanik davranısına uygun bir malzeme modeli seçilmis ve gerekli parametreler belirlenmistir. Belirlenen parametrelerin dogrulukları farklı yükleme kosulları altında test edilmistir. Bu amaçla düsen agırlık testleri icra edilmis ve numunelerde meydana gelen hasarların ve kuvvet tarihçelerinin deneylerle olan uyumları nümerik model sonuçlarıyla tayin edilmistir. Elde edilen sonuçlar incelendiginde betonun mukavemetinde sekil degistirme hızının artısıyla birlikte bir artısın meydana geldigi tespit edilmistir. Bu artısın iki ana sebebi vardır. Bunlardan ilki yüksek hızda meydana gelen hasar esnasında olusan mikro atalet etkisidir. Ikincisi ise beton malzemenin ihtiva ettigi su ve gözenekli yapısından kaynaklanan viskoz davranısıdır. Bu ikinci etkiye malzemenin sekil degistirme hızı hassasiyeti olarak bakılabilir. Yürütülen deneysel ve nümerik çalısma sayesinde bu etkilerin bireysel olarak toplam mukavemet artısındaki etkinlikleri tespit edilebilmistir. Bu sonuç dünya literatürüne oldukça önemli bir katkıdır.Article Constitutive Equation Determination and Dynamic Numerical Modelling of the Compression Deformation of Concrete(Wiley, 2021) Seven, Semih Berk; Çankaya, M. Alper; Uysal, Çetin; Taşdemirci, Alper; Saatci, Selçuk; Güden, MustafaThe dynamic compression deformation of an in-house cast concrete (average aggregate size of 2-2.5 mm) was modelled using the finite element (FE), element-free Galerkin (EFG) and smooth particle Galerkin (SPG) methods to determine their capabilities of capturing the dynamic deformation. The numerical results were validated with those of the experimental split Hopkinson pressure bar tests. Both EFG and FE methods overestimated the failure stress and strain values, while the SPG method underestimated the peak stress. SPG showed similar load capacity profile with the experiment. At initial stages of the loading, all methods present similar behaviour. Nonetheless, as the loading continues, the SPG method predicts closer agreement of deformation profile and force histories. The increase in strength at high strain rate was due to both the rate sensitivity and lateral inertia caused by the confinement effect. The inertia effect of the material especially is effective at lower strain values and the strain rate sensitivity of the concrete becomes significant at higher strain values.Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 7Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Interlayer on the Damage Formation in a Ceramic/Composite Armor at a Low Projectile Velocity(SAGE Publications Inc., 2017) Taşdemirci, Alper; Tunusoğlu, GözdeThe damage formation in a multilayered armor system without and with an interlayer (rubber, Teflon, and aluminum foam) between the front face ceramic layer and the composite backing plate were investigated experimentally and numerically. The projectile impact tests were performed in a low-velocity projectile impact test system and the numerical studies were implemented using the nonlinear finite element code LS-DYNA. The results of numerical simulations showed that the stress wave transmission to the composite backing plate decreased significantly in Teflon and foam interlayer armor configurations. Similar to without interlayer configuration, the rubber interlayer configuration led to the passage of relatively high stress waves to the composite backing plate. This was mainly attributed to the increased rubber interlayer impedance during the impact event. The numerical results of reduced stress wave transmission to the backing plate and the increased damage formation in the ceramic front face layer with the use of Teflon and foam interlayer was further confirmed experimentally.Article Citation - WoS: 33Citation - Scopus: 41Development of Novel Multilayer Materials for Impact Applications: a Combined Numerical and Experimental Approach(Elsevier Ltd., 2009) Taşdemirci, Alper; Hall, Ian W.A well-verified and validated numerical model was used to investigate stress wave propagation in a multilayer material subjected to impact loading. The baseline material consisted of a ceramic faceplate and composite backing plate separated by a rubber or teflon foam interlayer: several variants were investigated in which the number, type, and total thicknesses of the interlayers were altered. Comparison of the variants showed that the use of multiple teflon foam interlayers could drastically reduce the average stress in the multilayer material. Based on the numerical results, further experimental work was undertaken upon one of the variants. Very large and unexpected tensile stress oscillations were observed in the ceramic layers, leading to a refinement of the numerical model which successfully reproduced the oscillations and also demonstrated that separation of the sample layers led to trapping of the stress wave within the layers. Use of the validated numerical model allowed detailed analysis of the processes of wave transmission and demonstrates the important synergy that can exist between experimental and modeling studies. The current study provides a valuable starting point for designing future multilayer materials with specific, controlled properties.Article Citation - WoS: 17Citation - Scopus: 20Numerical and Experimental Studies of Damage Generation in a Polymer Composite Material at High Strain Rates(Elsevier Ltd., 2006) Taşdemirci, Alper; Hall, Ian W.Samples of S2-glass/epoxy composites have been subjected to microstructural investigation after testing in compression at quasi-static and high strain rates using the split Hopkinson pressure bar. A numerical model was developed that accurately describes the high strain rate mechanical response of the samples. Moreover, in contrast with earlier phenomenological or constitutive models, the model can also predict a variety of failure modes such as delamination, matrix cracking or fiber crushing. High-speed photography was used to check the model results. Interrupted tests, followed by metallographic examination, have revealed that the sequence of damage events differs between quasi-static and high strain rate regimes. The effect of sample size on measured mechanical properties is noted and is confirmed via numerical modeling.Conference Object High Strain Rate Reloading Compresson Testing of a Closed-Cell Alumnum Foam(The European Association for Experimental Mechanics, 2007) Taşdemirci, Alper; Güden, Mustafa; Hall, Ian W.Aluminum (Al) closed-cell foams are materials of increasing importance because they have good energy absorption capabilities combined with good thermal and acoustic properties. They can convert much of the impact energy into plastic energy and absorb more energy than bulk metals at relatively low stresses. When used as filling materials in tubes, they increase total energy absorption over the sum of the energy absorbed by foam alone and tube alone [1]. In designing with metallic foams as energy absorbing fillers, mechanical properties are needed for strain rates corresponding to those created by impact events. Quasi-static mechanical behavior of metallic foams has been fairly extensively studied, but data concerning high strain rate mechanical behavior of these materials are, however, rather sparse [2,3]. This study was initiated, therefore, to study and model the high strain rate mechanical behavior of an Al foam produced by foaming of powder compacts and to compare it with quasi-static behavior and, hence, determine any effect on energy absorbing capacity.Article Citation - WoS: 71Citation - Scopus: 81The Impact Responses and the Finite Element Modeling of Layered Trapezoidal Corrugated Aluminum Core and Aluminum Sheet Interlayer Sandwich Structures(Elsevier Ltd., 2013) Kılıçaslan, Cenk; Güden, Mustafa; Odacı, İsmet Kutlay; Taşdemirci, AlperThe impact responses of brazed and adhesively bonded layered 1050 H14 trapezoidal corrugated aluminum core and aluminum sheet interlayer sandwich panels with 3003 and 1050 H14 aluminum alloy face sheets were investigated in a drop weight tower using spherical, flat and conical end striker tips. The full geometrical models of the tests were implemented using the LS-DYNA. The panels tested with spherical and flat striker tips were not penetrated and experienced slightly higher deformation forces and energy absorptions in 0°/90° corrugated layer orientation than in 0°/0° orientation. However, the panels impacted using a conical striker tip were penetrated/perforated and showed comparably smaller deformation forces and energy absorptions, especially in 0°/90° layer orientation. The simulation and experimental force values were shown to reasonably agree with each other at the large extent of deformation and revealed the progressive fin folding of corrugated core layers and bending of interlayer sheets as the main deformation mechanisms. The experimentally and numerically determined impact velocity sensitivity of the tested panels was attributed to the micro inertial effects which increased the critical buckling loads of fin layers at increasingly high loading rates.Article Citation - WoS: 118Citation - Scopus: 144The Effect of the Interlayer on the Ballistic Performance of Ceramic/Composite Armors: Experimental and Numerical Study(Elsevier Ltd., 2012) Taşdemirci, Alper; Tunusoğlu, Gözde; Güden, MustafaThe effect of rubber, Teflon and aluminum foam interlayer material on the ballistic performance of composite armor was investigated both experimentally and numerically. Although, rubber interlayer did not cause any significant delay in the initial stress build-up in the composite layer, Teflon and aluminum foam interlayer caused a significant delay and reduction in the magnitude of the stress transmitted to the composite backing plate. Damage in the ceramic layer was found to be highly localized around the projectile impact zone for the configuration without interlayer and rubber interlayer while aluminum foam and Teflon interlayer spread the damage zone in the radial direction. Relatively large pieces of the ceramic around the impact axis in the rubber interlayer configuration were observed while the ceramic layer was efficiently fragmented in aluminum foam and Teflon interlayer configuration.Article Citation - WoS: 27Citation - Scopus: 28Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar Multiple Reloading and Modeling of a 316 L Stainless Steel Metallic Hollow Sphere Structure(Elsevier Ltd., 2010) Taşdemirci, Alper; Ergönenç, Çağrı; Güden, MustafaThe high strain rate (600 s−1) compression deformation of a 316 L metallic hollow sphere (MHS) structure (density: 500 kg m−3; average outer hollow sphere diameter: 2 mm and wall thickness: 45 μm) was determined both numerically and experimentally. The experimental compressive stress–strain behavior at high strain rates until about large strains was obtained with multiple reloading tests using a large-diameter compression type aluminum Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) test apparatus. The multiple reloading of MHS samples in SHPB was analyzed with a 3D finite element model using the commercial explicit finite element code LS-DYNA. The tested MHS samples showed increased crushing stress values, when the strain rate increased from quasi-static (0.8 × 10−4 s−1) to high strain rate (600 s−1). Experimentally and numerically deformed sections of MHS samples tested showed very similar crushing characteristics; plastic hinge formation, the indentation of the spheres at the contact regions and sphere wall buckling at intermediate strains. The extent of micro-inertial effects was further predicted with the strain rate insensitive cell wall material model and with the strain rate sensitive behavior of MHS structure similar to that of the cell wall material. Based on the predictions, the strain rate sensitivity of the studied 316 L MHS sample was attributed to the strain rate sensitivity of the cell wall material and the micro-inertia.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 5The Effect of Strain Rate on the Mechanical Behavior of Teflon Foam(Elsevier Ltd., 2012) Taşdemirci, Alper; Turan, Ali Kıvanç; Güden, MustafaThe quasi-static (1 × 10−3, 1 × 10−2 and 1 × 10−1 s−1) and high strain rate (7200 and 9500 s−1) experimental and high strain rate numerical compression deformation of a Gore Polarchip™ CP7003 heat insulating Teflon foam was investigated. High strain rate tests were conducted with the insertion of quartz crystal piezoelectric transducers at the end of the transmitter bar of a compression Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) set-up in order to measure the force at the back face of the specimen. A fully developed numerical model of the SHPB test on Teflon was also implemented using LS-DYNA. The simulation stresses showed close correlations with the experimentally measured stresses on the bars. The developed model successfully simulated the high strain rate loading. The damage initiation and progression of experimental high strain rate tests were further recorded using a high speed camera and found to be very similar to those of the simulation high strain rate tests.