Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7148
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Article Art and Construction Related Qualities of 14th‒15th Century Monuments in a Rural Landscape on the Western Coast of Türkiye(KeAi Communications Co., 2024) Hamamcıoğlu Turan, Mine; Aktaş, Engin; Toköz, Özge DenizThis study aims to contribute to the understanding of the evolution of art and construction in the early settlements established by Turkish communities on the far west Asian coast by focusing on two developed examples in Urla Peninsula. Conventional surveying and evaluation techniques of architectural restoration and civil engineering were utilized. Key findings include the understanding of the hierarchy of rural settlements in the studied landscape: old Çesme the most developed village of peninsula in the 16th century. It was positioned along a valley in distance to coast, but in control of harbor that played significant role in commerce between Europe and Asia. Its mosque and tomb, dated to late 14th – early 15th centuries, used to crown it. Cylindrical minaret tower of mosque, domed tomb tower on a cubical base and squinch in the transition zone of mosque are evidences for Central Asian roots. Usage of local lime stone, re-usage of andesite blocks, framing of the stone blocks with bricks, and pendentive in tomb refer to Roman-Byzantine constructions. The study presents the development of Turkish art and construction on the far west Asian coast in the 14th‒15th centuries. Findings will be a guide for related conservation management in similar contexts. © 2024 The Author(s)Book Part 1960s Tax Law and Non-Muslim Exodus From Istanbul: Turkification of the City(Taylor & Francis, 2023) Akpınar, İpekThis chapter discusses the urban consequences of the expulsion of Istanbul Greeks in 1964. It demonstrates the urban impact of the 16 March 1964 decree that terminated the residence of 12, 000 Greek passport holders in Istanbul (a population of 40, 000 with their relatives), who were given 24 hours to leave the city and allowed to carry only 20 kilograms of belongings or US$22 with them. The event also alarmed many other non-Muslim families to emigrate from Istanbul, while the city was receiving a large influx of immigrants from rural lands due to the growing industrialization and urbanization. Akpinar discusses the urban planning interventions in Istanbul under the Menderes and subsequent governments throughout the 1950s and 1960s as ad-hoc or intentional steps toward Turkification, in which discrimination and the resulting emigration of Istanbul Greeks played a significant part. © 2024 selection and editorial matter, Esra Akcan and Iftikhar Dadi; individual chapters, the contributors.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 5Deterioration of Pre-War and Rehabilitation of Post-War Urbanscapes Using Generative Adversarial Networks(SAGE Publications, 2023) Çiçek, Selen; Turhan, Gözde Damla; Taşer, AybükeThe urban built environment of contemporary cities confronts a constant risk of deterioration due to natural or artificial reasons. Especially political aggression and war conflicts have significant destructive effects on architectural and cultural heritage buildings. The post-war urbanscapes demonstrate the striking effects of the armed conflicts during the hot war encounters. However, the residues of the urbanscapes become the actual indicators of damage and loss. Since today we can make future predictions using a variety of machine learning algorithms, it is possible to represent hybrid projections of urban heterotopias. In this context, this research proposes to explore dystopian post-war projections for modern cities based on their architectural styles and demonstrate the utopian scenarios of rehabilitation possibilities for the damaged urban built environment of post-war cities by using generative adversarial network (GAN) algorithms. Two primary datasets containing the post-war and pre-war building facades have been given as the input data for the CycleGAN and pix2pix GAN models. Thus, two different image-to-image GAN models have been compared regarding their ability to produce legible building facade projections in architectural features. Besides, the machine learning process results have been discussed in terms of cities' utopian and dystopian future predictions, demonstrating the war conflicts' immense effects on the built environment. Moreover, the immediate consequence of the destructive aggression on tangible and intangible architectural heritage would become visible to inhabitants and policymakers when the AI-generated rehabilitation potentials have been exposed.Article Citation - WoS: 1On-Site Measurements of Temperature and Humidity Conditions for the Comparison of Urban and Rural Sub-Spaces of Traditional Settlements: Historical City of Mugla, Turkey(Taylor & Francis, 2023) Timur, Barış Ali; Başaran, Tahsin; İpekoğlu, BaşakOne of the significant processes that ensures realistic determination of the energy needs of historical buildings is case-specific definition of their local microclimatic conditions. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to determine differences for the parameters of temperature and humidity in urban and rural sub-settlements of the historical city, Mugla/Turkey. Study method consists of on-site measurements of these variables in sub-settlements for comparisons. As a result, it was identified urban zone shows heat island characteristics with warmer, drier, and more stable conditions; while rural sub-settlement remains cooler, more humid, and more erratic. In parallel, calculated extents of these differences demonstrate the significance and necessity of on-site measurements and consequential microclimatic zoning of historical cities as conservation/planning tools for responding to the thermal needs of architectural heritage. A key application of these processes would be the establishment of local databases of case-specific weather data to be used in thermal simulation assessments.Article Citation - WoS: 10Citation - Scopus: 14Out-Of Seismic Performance of Bed-Joint Reinforced Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (aac) Infill Walls Damaged Under Cyclic In-Plane Displacement Reversals(Elsevier, 2023) Halıcı, Ömer Faruk; Demir, Uğur; Zabbar, Yassin; İlki, AlperThe infill walls made of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC), which is a lightweight, fire resistant and energy efficient material, provide effective insulation solutions for building types of structures and becoming more and more popular in earthquake prone regions. Although the number of experimental tests examining the seismic response of clay brick infills is extensive, the amount of prior research on infill walls built of AAC blocks is rather limited. Past research revealed that the use of bed-joint reinforcement is one of the promising solutions to improve the global seismic response of masonry walls by enhancing strength and displacement capacity. In this study, the out-of-plane (OOP) seismic performance of AAC infill walls with flat-truss and innovative cord-type bed-joint reinforcement is experimentally evaluated. Also, consideration is given to the prior in-plane (IP) damage, which was found to degrade the seismic performance of infills in OOP direction. For this purpose, three IP and four OOP, in total, seven experimental tests were performed on four full-scale AAC infill wall specimens. The test parameters were selected in such a way as to make it possible to parametrically compare the OOP performance of AAC infills with flat-truss and cord-type bed-joint reinforcements with unreinforced AAC infill walls, together with the effect of prior IP damage on the OOP response of unreinforced AAC infill walls. It was found that the use of innovative cord-type bed-joint reinforcement improved the OOP strength to a similar extent to what was obtained from the truss-type reinforced specimen. In terms of ultimate displacement and energy dissipation capacity enhancement, the specimen with cord-type reinforcement performed better. In addition, the damages formed due to IP cyclic displacement reversals up to 0.005 drift ratio, which is defined as the drift limit for buildings with brittle infill walls in certain design codes, resulted in a significant reduction in the OOP strength and stiffness properties of AAC infills. The theoretical OOP strength calculations were found to provide unconservative strength values for the IP-damaged specimens.Article Citation - WoS: 20Citation - Scopus: 23Thermal Comfort Analysis of Historical Mosques. Case Study: the Ulu Mosque, Manisa, Turkey(Elsevier, 2021) Diler, Yusuf; Turhan, Cihan; Durmuş Arsan, Zeynep; Gökçen Akkurt, GüldenMosques are sanctuary places for Muslims where they can perform their religious activities and also can communicate with each other. On the other hand, historical mosques may contain artworks which have cultural heritage values. These mosques originally have not any Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning systems. For this reason, obtaining thermal comfort becomes a significant issue. In this study, a systematic approach on monitoring and evaluating thermal comfort of historical mosques were developed. As a case study, The Ulu Mosque, Manisa/Turkey was monitored from 2015 to 2018, and thermal comfort evaluation of the mosque was conducted during prayer times based on the method provided by ISO 7730. A dynamic Building Energy Performance Software, DesignBuilder, was used to model the mosque, and the model was calibrated by using hourly indoor temperature data. The calibrated model was then used to evaluate existing conditions of the mosque and develop retrofitting scenarios in order to increase thermal comfort of prayers. Thirteen different scenarios were proposed to improve thermal comfort of prayers during worship periods. The results were evaluated according to EN 16883 for conservation of cultural heritage of the mosque. Electrical radiator heating with intermittent operating schedules was obtained as the best scenario to protect cultural heritage via artworks, while decreasing disssatisfaction level of the prayers from 45% to 10% in winter months. Additionally, intermittent operation saved 46.9% of energy compared to continuous operating schedule. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 25Citation - Scopus: 28How To Learn To Be Creative in Design: Architecture Students' Perceptions of Design, Design Process, Design Learning, and Their Transformations Throughout Their Education(Elsevier, 2021) Taneri, Batuhan; Doğan, FehmiThe study explores students? perceptions of experiential learning, design and design process, and design education, and whether these perceptions vary according to school year students are in based on qualitative and quantitative data collected from two architectural schools. We inquire into how creativity and design could be learned through repeated design tasks without structured instructions about the creative design process. The explorative study employs surveys and semistructured focus group interviews. The results indicate problem-solving view of design is the most common characterization, students think design is not a straightforward problem solving and is most related to art and creativity. Finally, students report school has a limited impact on how they learn designing. We conclude experiential learning in the studio create shortcomings if not accompanied with a critical and reflective stance and that undertaking design tasks one after the other without explicit reflection on these tasks is an inefficient strategy in learning about the creative design process.Article Citation - WoS: 27Citation - Scopus: 38Loose Coupling of Gis and Bim Data Models for Automated Compliance Checking Against Zoning Codes(Elsevier, 2021) Demir Altıntaş, Yelin; İlal, Mustafa EmreModeling urban data is crucial for supporting automated code checking processes. Ideally, digitally modelled building codes and urban data should be retrieved from municipalities, and the digital building model should be checked automatically based on the collected information. However, BIM tools do not contain and do not allow managing geographical information at a neighborhood scale. Current GIS applications also do not store all of the information required by building codes. Even if they did, interoperability between GIS and BIM environments are problematic. This paper describes the development of a zoning domain model for automated compliance checking of building projects. The proposed model is illustrated through a proof-of-concept GIS application, where geometric and semantic data are stored, queried and exported as a GML file. Use of this data model for automated code checking is an example for how GIS data can seamlessly complement BIM data making expansion of BIM schemas unnecessary.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Approaches To Optimization for Movable Shading Systems: a Review of Optimization Methods and Tools(Znack Publishing House, 2021) Keskinel, Yeşim; İlal, Mustafa EmreStudies show that movable shading systems have lots of benefits for building performance. Minimizing energy consumption and maximizing daylight usage are natural expectations when using these systems. To find optimal solutions for these systems, different methods have been used. Today, optimization methods are used to solve this problem. In the literature, there are few studies about optimization of movable shading systems. This paper aims to identify different movable shading systems, optimization types, and computational optimization tools that are used. Research findings and future projections based on the reviewed papers are summarized.Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 6Utilization of Psychoacoustic Parameters for Occupancy-Based Acoustic Evaluation in Eating Establishments(Tsinghua University, 2022) Çakır, Onurcan; İlal, Mustafa EmrePsychoacoustic parameters are mostly used for determining the sound quality of mechanical sounds. They have also started to be used for evaluating soundscapes of open areas and enclosed spaces. This research aims to find out the relationship between the psychoacoustic parameters and acoustic comfort in non-acoustic enclosed public spaces, specifically in eating establishments. Both on-site measurements and laboratory listening tests were conducted for five eating establishments. During on-site measurements, a simultaneous questionnaire study was also carried out. Subjective and objective data were comparatively evaluated. Listening tests were based on auralizations with calibrated simulation models. This provided a research model, that allows control over the acoustic environment without having to make real changes in the physical elements of the eating establishments. The auralization sound files were presented to listening test participants with headphones and they evaluated soundscapes with different psychoacoustic properties. As results, better acoustic comfort was found to be related with higher sharpness, lower reverberation time, lower loudness and lower roughness values for the examined parameter ranges.