Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7148
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Article Citation - WoS: 33Citation - Scopus: 39High Transparent, Low Surface Resistance Zto/Ag Multilayer Thin Film Electrodes on Glass and Polymer Substrates(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2021) Ekmekçioğlu, Merve; Erdoğan, Nursev; Astarlıoğlu, Aziz Taner; Yiğen, Serap; Aygün, Gülnur; Özyüzer, Lütfi; Özdemir, MehtapZinc tin oxide (ZTO)/Ag/ZTO multilayer thin films were grown by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering technique at room temperature on soda lime glass (SLG) and different polymer substrates such as polycarbonate (PC) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for transparent conductive electrode (TCE) applications. The effect of substrate on the structural, optical and electrical characteristics of ZTO/Ag/ZTO multilayers was investigated. All prepared ZTO/Ag/ZTO films presented amorphous structure as expected from room temperature deposition process and smooth surface quality with very low surface roughness. We found that ZTO/Ag/ZTO multilayer films grown on SLG, PET and PC substrates have very high optical transmission and low surface resistance. Moreover, after ZTO/Ag/ZTO multilayer thin film deposition on polymer substrates, the optical transmission was found to be enhanced because the higher absorption due to Ag layer is compensated by lower reflectance. Our results suggest that ZTO/Ag/ZTO multilayer thin films on any substrate can be a promising alternative to indium tin oxide (ITO) films as a cost-effective, indium-free, flexible and transparent electrode for various applications.Article Citation - WoS: 20Citation - Scopus: 23Surface Free Energy and Wettability Properties of Transparent Conducting Oxide-Based Films With Ag Interlayer(Elsevier, 2021) Özbay, Salih; Erdoğan, Nursev; Erden, Fuat; Ekmekçioğlu, Merve; Rakop, Büşra; Özdemir, Mehtap; Aygün, Gülnur; Özyüzer, LütfiITO, ZTO, AZO and Ag are commonly used in transparent conducting oxide (TCO)/metal/TCO electrodes to form multilayered thin films on a suitable substrate. A detailed surface free energy (SFE) knowledge of these films is critical to design desirable TCO-based sandwich structures. In this study, TCO/Ag/TCO multilayer thin films were coated onto glass substrates using ITO, ZTO, AZO and Ag targets by magnetron sputtering. The wettability properties of TCO, Ag interlayer and TCO/Ag/TCO were evaluated by contact angle measurements of seven different liquids having various surface tension values. The dispersive and polar components of SFE were calculated using geometric and harmonic mean approaches. The acidic and basic components of SFE were calculated using van Oss-Chaudhury-Good method. Following this, the work of adhesion values between TCO films and Ag interlayer were estimated using SFE values of the films. The results show that the SFE components of the surfaces differ depending on the TCO type, the total SFE values of TCO/Ag/TCO films were lower than that of TCO films, and AZO/Ag adhesion is stronger than the other TCO/Ag structures. The reasons behind these differences were discussed by evaluating the SFE, XRD, AFM and SEM analysis simultaneously.Article Citation - WoS: 39Citation - Scopus: 46Surface Free Energy Analysis of Ito/Au Multilayer Thin Films on Polycarbonate Substrate by Apparent Contact Angle Measurements(Elsevier, 2020) Özbay, Salih; Erdoğan, Nursev; Erden, Fuat; Ekmekçioğlu, Merve; Özdemir, Mehtap; Aygün, Gülnur; Özyüzer, LütfiA detailed surface free energy (SFE) knowledge of transparent conducing oxide (TCO)/metal/TCO electrodes is necessary for their applications related to surface wettability. However, SFE analysis of these surfaces has not been performed systematically previously. In this study, ITO and ITO/Au/ITO multilayer thin films were coated onto O-2 plasma treated polycarbonate (PC) substrates by magnetron sputtering. The wettability characteristics of untreated PC, O-2 plasma treated PC, ITO, Au interlayer, and ITO/Au/ITO multilayer thin films were evaluated by apparent contact angle measurements of nine different test liquids having various surface tensions. Following this, Lifshitz-van der Waals, acidic, basic, dispersive, and polar components of SFE were calculated using acidbase, geometric and harmonic mean approaches. In the present study, in which the significance of calculation methods and selected liquid pairs on SFE parameters were investigated, the effect of Au interlayer presence on SFE parameters were also evaluated simultaneously. The results showed that the total SFE values of ITO/Au/ITO multilayer thin films were found to be higher than that of ITO surface. The reasons behind this difference were discussed in terms of SFE components obtained using various liquid pairs by different methods. The results were also supported with XRD, XPS, AFM, and TEM analysis.Article Citation - WoS: 31Citation - Scopus: 33The Controllable Deposition of Large Area Roll-To Sputtered Ito Thin Films for Photovoltaic Applications(Elsevier, 2020) Demirhan, Yasemin; Köseoğlu, Hasan; Türkoğlu, Fulya; Uyanık, Zemzem; Özdemir, Mehtap; Aygün, Gülnur; Özyüzer, LütfiIn the present study, using a large area roll-to-roll DC magnetron sputtering system deposition of ITO thin films on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates were achieved. In order to investigate the effect of growth conditions on the film properties all through the deposition process, optical emission spectroscopy (OES) analysis have been accomplished in a governable way. The consequences of Oxygen partial pressure and film thickness on electrical, and optical properties of the films were determined. It was shown that the intensity of optical emission peaks are subjected to the discharge power and as well as the O-2/Ar flow ratio. Large area, uniform ITO films with relatively high transparency and low electrical resistivity (R(2)(<)50 Omega/sqr) were succesfully deposited on PET substrates. The significance of both the figure of merit (FOM) and the optical band gap values on the performance of different TCO thin films were addressed. In this work, the obtained results suggest that the overall performance is sufficient to implement the ITO films in photovoltaic and OLED applications. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 6A Comprehensive Study of Molybdenum Boats Behavior During Service Life for Continuous Thermal Evaporation Technique, Used in Thin Film Technology(Elsevier, 2020) Rouhi, Sina; Martinez-Medina, Jose Enrique; Özdemir, Mehtap; Ertuğrul, Mehmet; Aygün, Gülnur; Özyüzer, LütfiThe aim of this study is to calculate the optimum lifetime of Molybdenum (Mo) thermal evaporation boats for Copper (Cu) filling in thin film technologies. Three types of Mo boats with thicknesses of 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 mm were used during the experiments under the high vacuum condition about 6.0 x 10(-6) Torr. The behavior of each boat was investigated by focusing on the total amount of evaporation material, operational time and applied power. Prior to the deposition process, material was loaded on the evaporation boat by two methods. In the first method, Cu wire was cut into 1 cm long, then every boat was filled with this amount of Cu material. The second alternative feeding method is to use a wire-feeder step motor, which refills boat with Cu wire during evaporation process. The latter one is very useful for continuous deposition process since there is no need to break the vacuum state. In both methods, however, the number of failures during operations increases after a series of experiments have been taken place because of boat aging. The results of failures have been analyzed by various methods, and it has been observed that thinner boats showed better stability for long time operation by continuous feeding technique.Article Citation - WoS: 16Citation - Scopus: 18Study of Undoped and Indium Doped Zno Thin Films Deposited by Sol Gel Method(Springer Verlag, 2018) Medjaldi, M.; Touil, O.; Boudine, B.; Zaabat, M.; Halimi, O.; Sebais, M.; Özyüzer, LütfiIn this paper, we report the effects of Indium doping concentrations (from 0 to 10wt%) on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of deposited In doped ZnO (IZO) thin films prepared by the sol–gel method through the dip coating technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicates that all ZnO thin films have a polycrystalline nature with a hexagonal wurtzite phase with (002) as a preferential orientation. XRD results demonstrate that the particle size of ZnO decreased with the increase in Indium concentrations. Raman scattering spectra confirmed the wurtzite phase and the presence of intrinsic defects in our samples. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements, confirmed the presence of zinc, oxygen and indium elements which is in agreement with XPS results. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the films exhibit defects-related visible emission peaks, with intensities differing owing to different concentrations of zinc vacancies. UV–Vis spectrometer measurements show that all the films are highly transparent in the visible wavelength region (≥ 70%) and presented two different absorption edges at about 3.21 eV and 3.7 eV, these may be correspond to the band gap of zinc oxide and indium oxide respectively.Article Citation - WoS: 150Citation - Scopus: 7Correlation of Tunneling Spectra in Bi2sr2cacu2o8+? With the Resonance Spin Excitation(American Physical Society, 2001) Zasadzinski, John F.; Özyüzer, Lütfi; Miyakawa, Nobuaki; Gray, Kenneth E.; Hinks, David G.; Kendziora, Christopher A.New break-junction tunneling data are reported in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ over a wide range of hole concentration from underdoped (Tc=74k) to optimal doped (Tc=95k) to overdoped (Tc=48k). The conductances exhibit sharp dips at a voltage, Ω/e, measured with respect to the superconducting gap. Clear trends are found such that the dip strength is maximum at optimal doping and that Ω scales as 4.9kTc over the entire doping range. These features link the dip to the resonance spin excitation and suggest quasiparticle interactions with this mode are important for superconductivity.Article Citation - WoS: 36Citation - Scopus: 37Influence of Copper Composition and Reaction Temperature on the Properties of Cztse Thin Films(Elsevier Ltd., 2016) Olgar, Mehmet Ali; Atasoy, Y.; Başol, B. M.; Tomakin, Murat|Özyüzer, Gülnur Aygün; Özyüzer, Lütfi; Bacaksız, EminIn this study Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) compound layers were grown using a two-stage technique that involved deposition of metallic precursors (Cu, Zn, and Sn) and Se in the first stage, followed by reaction of all the species at temperatures between 525 °C and 600 °C, during the second stage of the process. Two sets of samples, one with Cu-poor, Zn-rich and the other with Cu-rich, Zn-rich compositions, were prepared and their structural, optical and electrical properties were measured. XRD analyses showed the characteristic peaks of CZTSe regardless of the Cu content and the processing temperature. However, for samples reacted at temperatures of 575 °C and 600 °C a Cu2-xSe secondary phase separation was detected for all films suggesting that the reaction temperatures should be limited to values below 575 °C in a two-stage process such as ours. Excessive Sn loss was also present in samples processed at the highest temperatures. Raman scattering measurements confirmed formation of the CZTSe kesterite structure, and also indicated a small ZnSe phase, which could not be detected by XRD. Scanning electron micrographs demonstrated dense film structure with the Cu-rich films having smoother morphology. Optical characterization showed that increasing the Cu content in the compound layers caused a reduction in the optical band gap values due to increased interaction between the Cu-3d orbital electrons and the Se-4p orbital electrons. Electrical measurements showed that the carrier concentration increased with Cu content.Article Citation - WoS: 60Citation - Scopus: 64Improvement of Optical and Electrical Properties of Ito Thin Films by Electro-Annealing(Elsevier Ltd., 2015) Köseoğlu, Hasan; Türkoğlu, Fulya; Kurt, Metin; Yaman, Mutlu Devran; Akça, Fatime Gülşah; Aygün, Gülnur; Özyüzer, LütfiThe effect of electro-annealing in vacuum and air on the optical and electrical properties of ITO thin films grown by large area DC magnetron sputtering was investigated. Moreover, the performances of the electro-annealed ITO thin films in vacuum and air were compared. Electro-annealing was performed by applying 0.75, 1.00, 1.25 and 1.50 A constant ac current to the ITO thin films. It was observed that the crystallinity of the films was better for the ITO thin films electro-annealed in vacuum. The changes in sheet resistance of electro-annealed ITO thin films with applied currents were detailed. The transmittance of the films increased for both electro-annealing in vacuum and air. A correlation between band-gap and resistivity for all of the electro-annealed thin films was observed.Article Citation - WoS: 20Citation - Scopus: 20Area Dependence and Influence of Crystal Inhomogeneity on Superconducting Properties of Bi2212 Mesa Structures(Elsevier Ltd., 2015) Demirhan, Yasemin; Sağlam, Hilal; Türkoğlu, Fulya; Alaboz, Hakan; Özyüzer, Lütfi; Miyakawa, Nobuaki; Kadowaki, K.The rapid increase in applications of terahertz waves requires new techniques to obtain continuous wave terahertz sources. Mesa structures fabricated from high-Tc superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi2212) single crystal have been observed as an intense, coherent, continuous electromagnetic wave source in the terahertz (THz) frequency region. However, in order to produce coherent radiation with high applicable power, we need large mesa structures that enter a collective electromagnetic state in which their oscillations are largely synchronized in phase. On the other hand, large mesa structures cause a heating problem. In this study, we report on the critical current density dependence of mesa area and the crystal inhomogeneity to understand heating problems in large area mesas for terahertz radiation. Since the doping dependence of Bi2212 is an important parameter, the as-grown Bi2212 crystals were heat-treated at various temperatures under vacuum conditions. We have fabricated triple mesa structures from Bi2212 single crystal using e-beam lithography and argon ion beam etching techniques with same area and with different area on the same chip. We investigated and compared characteristics of triple mesas which are on the same chip and next to each other. In this way, we searched the crystal inhomogeneity in triple mesa structures and studied the critical current density dependence of mesa area to obtain high emission power for the THz radiation. Our experimental results clearly show that the Josephson critical current density is decreasing when the area of mesa is increasing. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.