Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7148
Browse
2 results
Search Results
Book Part An Effect of Climate Change: Increased Health Risks Due To Arsenic in Drinking Water - the Case of İzmir, Turkey(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2010) Sofuoglu, S.C.; Sofuoglu, A.Our previous research (Kavcar et al., 2009) has shown that tap water arsenic concentrations in the City of İzmir, Turkey, was of concern as arsenic in 15 of 37 (41%) of the tap water samples (collected in the year 2004) exceeded the Turkish drinking water standard of 10 µg/L (TMH, 2005). The median, mean, and 95th percentile concentrations were 2.9, 12.0, and 42.0 µg/L, respectively. The violations of the standard were in three districts, i.e., Bornova, Çiğli, and Karşıyaka, that were served primarily by groundwater sources. The concentrations in other districts were below the standard. However, concentrations less than the standard may be associated with a carcinogenic risk that is greater than the acceptable risk level of one in ten thousand depending on the level of exposure, mainly, daily drinking water intake rate and body weight. This was the case for the City of İzmir as lifetime carcinogenic risks exceeded the acceptable level for 19 of the 37 participants (51%). As the result of the above cited research, the local government has shut-down a number of groundwater wells as a mitigation measure. In turn, the concentrations were brought down to <15 µg/L in the three districts by increasing the proportion of surface water supplied from Tahtalı Reservoir. However, climate change has been affecting the region. The water volume in the resevoir was dropped below 5% in 2008. As a result, the arsenic contaminated wells were brought back into the service, causing a sharp increase in the arsenic concentrations, this time all around the city, measured by the local health authority. İzmirians who can not afford to buy bottled drinking water are (to be) exposed to arsenic concentrations of 30-40 µg/L until the planned treatment plant is in place. A probablistic risk assessment was conducted to estimate the human health risks for the scenario of no available surface water, in which no treatment and treatment with 90% and 99% efficiencies were assumed for the arsenic contaminated groundwater, based on the concentrations measured by the local health authority. The median carcinogenic risk estimated for the scenario of no treatment for the metropolitan area was approximately eight times the median value estimated when the main source water was Tahtalı Reservoir, a surface water dam. © 2008 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.Article Citation - WoS: 29Citation - Scopus: 35Sustainable Bio-Nano Composite Coatings for the Protection of Marble Surfaces(Elsevier Masson SAS, 2015) Ocak, Y.; Sofuoglu, A.; Tihminlioglu, F.; Böke, H.Water repellency on natural stone surfaces is the most important issue in the protection of stone monuments from effects of atmospheric pollutants. In this study, effectiveness of a bio-nano composite coating, composed of a biodegradable polymer (poly-L-lactide [PLA]) and montmorillonite clay (MMT) was investigated for the protection of marble surfaces from pollution. The clay dispersion in polymer matrices was analyzed by using Scanning Tunnel Electron Microscopy (STEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), while protection performance was investigated by the measurement of surface roughness, wettability, water vapor permeability, capillary water absorption, and color changes on the marble surfaces. As a result, no alteration on the color of coated marbles was observed, significant improvement was obtained for hydrophobicity of the surface and inhibition of sulfation reaction on the exposed marble surfaces under acidic atmosphere. It could be said that PLA based nanocomposites seem to be promising materials as protective coating agents in reducing the effects of water and atmospheric pollutants on marble surfaces. © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS.