Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7148
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Article Influence of Innovative Thawing Approaches on the Thermal and Chemical Structure Changes of Frozen Beef Liver(Springer, 2026) Avsar, Nazlican; Uzuner, SibelFreezing effectively preserves meat quality, but the formation of ice crystals during the process can impact tenderness and functionality. Thawing is a critical step, as it can lead to physicochemical changes-such as protein oxidation and further ice crystal growth-that may reduce product quality and consumer appeal. Therefore, the thawing method plays a key role in determining the final quality of frozen meat. This study evaluated the physicochemical and structural characteristics of beef liver frozen at - 18 +/- 2 degrees C for 20 h and thawed using three methods: water immersion thawing (WIT), ultrasonic bath thawing (UBT), and air fryer thawing (AFT). No significant differences in drip loss were observed among the UBT, AFT, and WIT samples (p > 0.05). Color measurements (L*, a*, b*) were significantly higher in raw liver than in AFT and UBT samples (p < 0.05). Compared to raw liver and the WIT method, AF and UB thawing lowered the denaturation temperature, indicating reduced thermal stability. The lowest metmyoglobin (MetMb) content was found in the UBT sample (36.57 +/- 0.87%), followed by the AFT sample (41.71 +/- 1.29%), suggesting better pigment preservation with UB thawing. Highlights circle AF and UB thawing methods resulted in a lower denaturation temperature. circle UBT showed the lowest MetMb content, helping to minimize oxidation. circle UBT caused less damage to protein chains and better preserved structural stability. circle UBT preserved desirable aroma characteristics more effectively.Article Application of 3D Cell Culture Techniques in Nanotoxicology: How Far Are We(Springer, 2026) Shakeri, Raheleh; Mirjalili, Seyedeh Zohreh; Karakus, Ceyda Oksel; Safavi, MalihehInvestigation of toxicological profile and possible side effects of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is of high importance. Historically, two-dimensional (2D) cell culture was used to study the toxicity of the ENMs, but due to their inability to simulate in vivo cell behavior, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems have been developed. Nanotoxicity studies initiate with in vitro experiments and continue with in vivo studies, which are very challenging and sometimes accompanied by conflicting data due to the in vitro-in vivo gap. Thus, scientists are turning their attention to microfabrication techniques and engineered systems "called organ-on-a-chips", which act as an intermediate between in vivo and in vitro systems. The present account tries to review the classical study models and suitably cover the emerging 3D culture models including scaffold-free and scaffold-based 3D cell cultures, 3D co-culture with direct contact and without cell-cell contact methods as well as microfluidic-based tissue chips and organoids. Overall, this review aims to give readers a better insight about the ENMs' toxicology and fill the gaps between the knowledge and practical techniques. Hopefully, the presented information will resolve the issues of 2D in vitro cultures and display the clinically relevant responses to the concerns of therapeutic ENMs.Article Liposomal Encapsulation of a Synthetic Bromophenol for Antitumor Efficacy and Apoptotic Activity in Cancer Cells(Springer, 2026) Oztanrikulu, Bercem Dilan; Ozdemir, Ekrem; Avci, Bahri; Goksu, Suleyman; Bayrakceken, Handan Uguz; Askin, HakanA novel synthetic bromophenol (BP), inspired by marine-derived natural bromophenols, was evaluated for its antitumor activity and for the enhancement of its in vitro performance through liposomal encapsulation (LipoBP). Etoposide was used as a reference in characterization, release, and loading studies. PEGylated liposomes were employed to improve BP's solubility, bioavailability, and therapeutic potential. The cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and gene expression effects of free BP and LipoBP were assessed in A549 (lung) and MCF-7 (breast) cancer cell lines. WST-8 assays showed that encapsulation significantly increased BP's cytotoxic activity, particularly in A549 cells, while flow cytometry and Annexin V-FITC/PI analyses indicated more pronounced apoptotic induction by LipoBP compared with free BP. qRT-PCR analyses revealed upregulation of proapoptotic genes (BAX, CASP6, CASP3 and CASP9) and downregulation of antiapoptotic/survival genes (BCL-XL, IQSEC2) in both cell lines, indicating activation of intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Plain liposomes exhibited minimal cytotoxicity, confirming their biocompatibility. Liposomal bromophenol, which we have introduced to the literature for the first time, is expected to be a promising nanocarrier system that could be effective in cancer treatment by improving the therapeutic index of new drug candidates such as marine bromophenols.Article Fluid-CO2 Injection in a Hypersaline Volcanic Systems: A Reactive Transport and Experimental Evaluation with Application to the Tuzla Geothermal Field, Turkiye(Springer, 2026) Tonkul, Serhat; Erol, Selcuk; Baba, Alper; Regenspurg, SimonaThis study evaluates the CO2 sequestration capability of the Tuzla Geothermal Field (TGF) in northwest T & uuml;rkiye under reservoir conditions (200 degrees C and 4.4 MPa). While ongoing studies at TGF have investigated CO2 co-injection primarily for geothermal heat extraction, the present study focuses on the associated potential for long-term CO2 storage. To this end, CO2-brine-rock interactions were examined through batch reactor experiments and reaction path modeling using the PhreeqC geochemical tool. The experiments revealed complex dissolution/precipitation reactions that altered reservoir properties, with mineralogical analyses (XRD, XRF, SEM, and EDS) showing the formation of secondary phases such as calcite, kaolinite, and Ca-rich aluminosilicates. These results indicate that the Tuzla reservoir rocks provide sufficient divalent cations to support mineral trapping under reservoir conditions. Overall, our findings highlight that, in addition to its promise for heat extraction, CO2 co-injection at TGF offers an opportunity for permanent geological storage, thereby strengthening the dual benefits of this approach.Article Mn2+ Removal From Water Using a Strong Acidic Shallow Shell Resin: Performance and Response Surface Optimization(Springer, 2026) Gucur, G.; Recepoglu, Y. K.; Ozcan, D. O.; Arar, O.The removal of manganese ions (Mn2+) from aqueous solutions using a strong acid cation-exchange resin, Purolite SST60, was investigated in the present study. The influences of resin dosage, temperature, and pH on Mn2(+) removal were optimized using Response Surface Methodology based on a Central Composite Design. Results showed that removal efficiency was highly pH-dependent, increasing from 63% at pH 1.0 to over 99% at pH 3.0 and above. Even with only 0.01 g of resin, 98% removal was achieved, indicating high performance at low dosages. Equilibrium data aligned with the Langmuir isotherm, indicating monolayer sorption with a maximum capacity of 91.06 mg/g. Kinetic data followed a pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed a spontaneous and exothermic process, supported by a negative enthalpy change and positive entropy change, likely due to dehydration of Mn2+ ions upon binding. Competitive ion studies revealed that divalent ions, particularly calcium and magnesium, significantly hinder Mn2+ removal, whereas monovalent ions had minimal impact. Complete desorption of Mn2+ was achieved using hydrochloric or nitric acid at concentrations of 0.5 mol/L and above, confirming the resin's reusability. Overall, Purolite SST60 offers an efficient, regenerable, and robust solution for manganese removal in water treatment applications.Article Comparative Optimization of Hot Water and Citric Acid Extraction Methods for Sericin Recovery From Silk Cocoons: In Vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities(Springer, 2026) Sincar, Bahar; Ozdemir, Feyza; Bicakci, Beyza Tutku; Erdem, Cansu; Yalcin, Dilek; Alamri, Abdulhakeem S.; Bayraktar, OguzSilk sericin, a hydrophilic protein derived from Bombyx mori cocoons, has attracted increasing interest due to its antioxidant, moisturizing, and enzyme-inhibitory properties. Efficient extraction is essential to preserve its biofunctional potential. In this study, sericin was extracted using hot water and 1.25% (w/v) citric acid using autoclave-based heating to achieve pressurized conditions above 100 degrees C. A Box-Behnken Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to systematically evaluate the effects of extraction parameters (temperature and time) and to optimize five key response variables: yield, purity, molecular weight and polydispersity index (PDI), total antioxidant capacity (ABTS), and alpha-glucosidase inhibition activity. The results revealed that higher temperatures (125 degrees C) produced the maximum sericin yield, while moderate conditions (115 degrees C for 45 min) ensured better preservation of antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Hot acid extraction resulted in significantly enhanced purity and enzymatic inhibition compared to hot water extraction. Sericin fractions above 7 kDa exhibited the strongest bioactivity, as reflected by lower IC50 values in both ABTS and alpha-glucosidase inhibition assays. The optimized hot water citric acid-based method yielded 24.00% sericin with 100.00% purity and an IC50 of 0.67 mg/mL for alpha-glucosidase inhibition. This study compares hot water and hot acid autoclave extractions using Box-Behnken design and evaluates their effects on sericin yield, purity, and bioactivities. Citric acid-based extraction produced higher purity and stronger alpha-glucosidase inhibition, while hot water extraction preserved antioxidant potential more effectively. These findings support the use of citric acid as an eco-friendly and scalable extraction agent and highlight the potential of sericin in biomedical and nutraceutical applications.Correction Automating Software Size Measurement From Python Code Using Language Models (Vol 33, 19, 2026)(Springer, 2025) Tenekeci, Samet; Unlu, Huseyin; Gul, Bedir Arda; Keles, Damla; Kucuk, Murat; Demirors, OnurArticle Sainfoin (Onobrychis Viciifolia L.) Protein Isolate as a New Source of Alternative Plant-Based Protein: Cytotoxicity, Immunoreactivity, Nutritional and Functional Properties(Springer, 2025) Korkmaz, Fatma; Gungor, Sevde Nur; Gulec, Sukru; Sakarya, Fatma Betul; Andac, Ali Emre; Yilmaz Tuncel, Nese; Tuncel, Necati BarisThe objective of this research was to develop an alternative plant-based protein isolate using sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia L.) seeds. The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) based on the Box-Behnken Design, which examined the effects of key parameters: solvent/solid ratio (10-50 mL/g), pH (8-11), temperature (20-50 degrees C), and extraction time (30-120 min), aiming to maximize protein yield. The optimal extraction conditions identified were a solvent/solid ratio of 49.96 mL/g, pH of 10.99, temperature of 20 degrees C, and a duration of 38.55 min, achieving a protein yield of 56.36%. Additionally, the amino acid composition, cytotoxicity, immunoreactivity, and functional properties of the sainfoin seed protein isolate (SPI) were evaluated. SPI exhibited a high crude protein content of 91.44%, with arginine being the most abundant amino acid at 158.20 mg/g. The protein isolate comprised a remarkable value of 50.26% essential amino acids. Additionally, SPI demonstrated desirable functional properties, including solubility of 53.95% at neutral pH, water holding capacity of 2.36 g/g, and oil binding capacity of 4.68 g/g. Its emulsifying performance was notable, with emulsion activity and stability values of 66.67% and 77.50%, respectively. Moreover, in vitro cell culture studies demonstrated that sainfoin seed protein exhibited no adverse effects on cellular toxicity or immunoreactivity. This study highlights the potential of SPI as a novel, high-quality plant protein source with promising nutritional and functional properties and demonstrates its potential as a functional ingredient in the formulation of plant-based foods, meat analogs, and dietary supplements.Article Automating Software Size Measurement from Python Code Using Language Models(Springer, 2025) Tenekeci, Samet; Unlu, Huseyin; Gul, Bedir Arda; Keles, Damla; Kuuk, Murat; Demirors, OnurSoftware size is a key input for project planning, effort estimation, and productivity analysis. While pre-trained language models have shown promise in deriving functional size from natural-language requirements, measuring size directly from source code remains under-explored. Yet, code-based size measurement is critical in modern workflows where requirement documents are often incomplete or unavailable, especially in Agile development environments. This exploratory study investigates the use of CodeBERT, a pre-trained bimodal transformer model, for measuring software size directly from Python source code according to two measurement methods: COSMIC Function Points and MicroM. We construct two curated datasets from the Python subset of the CodeSearchNet corpus, and manually annotate each function with its corresponding size. Our experimental results show that CodeBERT can successfully measure COSMIC data movements with up to 91.4% accuracy and generalize to the functional, architectural, and algorithmic event types defined in MicroM, reaching up to 81.5% accuracy. These findings highlight the potential of code-based language models for automated functional size measurement when requirement artifacts are absent or unreliable.Article Effect of TiO2 and ZrO2 Additions on Sintering and Mechanical Properties of Dental Porcelain Material(Springer, 2025) Aouadja, Faycal; Toprak, Seyra; Demir, Mustafa M.; Boudchicha, Mohamed ReddaThis study investigates the influence of varying TiO2 (0-15 wt.%) and ZrO2 (15-0 wt.%) additions on the microstructure, densification, and mechanical properties of dental porcelain composites fabricated from local Algerian raw materials. The samples were produced by cold compaction and sintered at temperatures ranging from 1100 degrees C to 1250 degrees C. Advanced characterization techniques-X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy-were employed to analyze phase evolution and microstructural morphology. The results indicated that increasing TiO2 content while decreasing ZrO2 enhanced both densification and mechanical strength. The optimal composition-15 wt.% TiO2 sintered at 1200 degrees C-achieved the highest bending strength (177 MPa) and Martens hardness (2931 MPa). TiO2 functioned as a fluxing agent, promoting grain cohesion, whereas excessive ZrO2 content led to the formation of structural defects. These findings highlight the potential of optimized formulations to meet the requirements for high-performance, biocompatible dental ceramics and support the development of sustainable porcelain using abundant natural resources.