Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7148
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Article Analytical Methodology for Monitoring and Distribution Pattern Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in River Basins Based on Chemometrics(Wiley, 2025) Yildirim, Ebru calkan; Pelit, Fusun; Ozdemir, Durmus; Kazan, Aysegul; Tasdelen, Ozge; Baycan, NevalWith the increase in urbanization and industrialization, the environmental quality of river basins, which serve as a crucial source of irrigation for agricultural activities, has been deteriorating progressively. Thus, monitoring persistent toxic substances in urban water resources is crucial for maintaining ecological stability and protecting human health. In recent years, particular attention has been directed toward the prevention of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), highlighting the importance of analyzing these compounds in water samples through more environmentally sustainable techniques. In this study, we report a green, rapid, cost-effective and simple dispersive liquid-liquid extraction (DLLME) method to monitor PAHs in river waters taken from 21 stations located within the geographical boundaries of the Gediz River Basin in Izmir Province, T & uuml;rkiye. Methodological parameters were optimized by chemometric techniques including Plackett-Burman (PBD) and Box-Behnken design. The method's accuracy was tested upon spiked river samples, and the recoveries ranged from 80% to 102%. The calibration curves were linear, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.98. The limit of detection values were between 0.01 and 0.05 ng mL-1. The reproducibility (RSD%) varied from 4.0% to 19%. Multivariate classification methods such as principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), along with the supervised classification method partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were applied to elucidate the general distribution patterns of individual PAHs in the basin water samples. The chemometric evaluation conducted across four seasons revealed that PAH contamination was higher in the fall and winter months, resulting in a clear separation from spring and summer samples by using the first two principal components.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Microplastic Pollution and Risk Evaluation in the Gediz River(Central Fisheries Research inst, 2026) Baycan, Neval; Alyuruk, Nefise; Kazanci, Yigithan; Alpergun, Cumana; Kara, Nursena; Gunduz, OrhanMicroplastics (MPs), particles less than 5 mm in diameter, enter the aquatic ecosystem through the degradation of larger plastics. They can accumulate in the environment for long periods due to their durability and buoyancy. In this study, a risk assessment of MPs was conducted at five different stations in the Gediz River via a Pollution Load Index (PLI) and a Polymer Hazard Index (PHI) calculated for dry and wet seasons to highlight the risks caused by seasonal variations of pollution levels for different types of MPs in an urban river discharging to Izmir Bay. The results showed that MPs were widespread in the area, with an average abundance of 13-211 units/L/L. During the dry season, the mean number of particles was 67 +/- 57; during the wet season, the mean number of particles decreased to 50 +/- 37. The most common type was polypropylene with 62.4%, followed by Polyethylene and Polyethylene Terephthalate (8.3% and 7.01%). The most abundant MP shapes are fragments and fibers, with 47.1% and 38.5%. During the dry season, PLI values ranged from 0.99 to 2.44, while in the wet period, they ranged from 1.08 to 2.11. Furthermore, PHI values for the MP species detected at each station ranged from 3.81 to 7.91. The results indicated that the Gediz River is a significant MPs source for Izmir Bay and demonstrates a major hazard for its overall ecological condition.Article Effects of Industrial and Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plants on Microplastic Pollution in an Urban River in Türkiye(Springer int Publ Ag, 2025) Baycan, Neval; Alyuruk, Nefise; Kazanci, Yigithan; Alpergun, Cumana; Kara, Nursena; Tasdelen, Ozge; Gunduz, OrhanMicroplastic (MP) contamination in inland aquatic systems is a growing environmental concern due to its persistence and potential ecological impacts. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the occurrence, composition, and seasonal dynamics of MPs in two urban rivers-Nif Creek and Gediz River-in western T & uuml;rkiye, which receive treated and untreated effluents from domestic and industrial wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). A total of 20 river water and 3 sediment sampling stations were monitored across four seasons. MP concentrations ranged from 7 to 146 particles/L in water and from 9,867 to 136,177 particles/kg in sediments, with the highest abundances observed near WWTP outfalls and urban infrastructure. Polypropylene was the dominant polymer in water (59.1%) and WWTP effluents (44.4%), while polyethylene was most prevalent in sediments (60.2%). MPs were primarily within the 0.1-0.5 mm size range and were predominantly transparent in colour. Statistical analyses indicated significant positive correlations between MP abundance and key water quality parameters, including chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, and selected heavy metals (e.g., Zn, Cd, Ni). The polymeric composition of MPs reflected both urban and industrial sources, with variations in polymer profiles linked to spatial and seasonal factors. Compared to values reported in European freshwater systems, MP levels in the studied rivers were considerably higher, underscoring the need for improved wastewater management and targeted monitoring efforts in urban river basins.Article An Experimental Study on Microplastic Settling Velocities in Different Water Environments: Which Factors Shape the Settling Process(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) Alpergun, Cumana; Alyuruk, Nefise; Baycan, Neval; Gunduz, OrhanUnderstanding the behavior of microplastics in aquatic environments is crucial, given their widespread presence and potential ecological impact. This study investigated the effects of biofilm formation and weathering processes on the settling rates of microplastics across different water matrices. To this end, nine different polymer types were examined in four distinct conditions-pristine, biofilm-coated, aged, and biofilm-coated after weathering-across three defined size categories. A total of 648 experimental results representing different conditions were analyzed. The results revealed that the settling velocities of microplastics ranging from 0.5 to 4.5 mm varied between 0.012 and 0.154 m/s. Polybutylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate particles exhibited the fastest settling rates (0.154 and 0.145 m/s), whereas acrylonitrile butadiene styrene showed the slowest (0.012 m/s). Although microplastic density and size were found to be significant factors of settling velocity, water matrix, biofilm formation, and weathering processes did not show a statistically significant difference under the conditions of this study. This was related to insufficient time for biofilm growth, limited structural changes due to weathering, and the controlled laboratory environment. Biofilm formation was observed to be more pronounced on rough and matte surfaces, while it was less prominent on shiny and slippery surfaces. Additionally, it was determined that weathering alters surface morphology and potential adsorption capacity, which plays a critical role in the environmental interactions of microplastics. Furthermore, the experimentally determined settling velocities were compared with theoretical estimations obtained using two different models from the literature. A comparison between the experimental settling data and theoretical models demonstrated a strong alignment with the models proposed by Waldschla<spacing diaeresis>ger and Sch & uuml;ttrumpf (2019) and Akdogan and Guven (2024), particularly for microplastics with irregular shapes. These results suggest that such theoretical approaches can reliably predict the settling behavior of specific polymer types. Overall, the findings underscore the practical applicability of these models for estimating the transport and fate of microplastics in natural aquatic systems, offering a valuable foundation for future environmental assessments.