Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/3008
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Master Thesis Climate Neutrality in Local Municipalities' Action Plans: İzmir Case(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2024) Cihan, Ayşe Melike; Şenol, FatmaThis thesis investigates the integration of climate neutrality within the action plans of local municipalities, focusing on the relationship between these plans and the actions proposed to achieve climate neutrality in the literature. Addressing the uncertainty surrounding the commitment of local municipalities to climate neutrality and the effectiveness of their actions, the study aims to provide insights for enhancing the efficacy of policies and strategies for climate neutrality at the local level. Through a comprehensive literature review and a case study approach focusing on İzmir Metropolitan Municipality in Turkey, the research develops a checklist for evaluating local action plans, with a particular emphasis on mitigation and adaptation measures. Utilizing this checklist, the study assesses the alignment of the İzmir Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP) and the Green City Action Plan (GCAP) with climate neutrality principles. The evaluation methodology involves scoring each plan based on the presence or absence of specific actions related to climate neutrality criteria, providing both quantitative findings and qualitative insights into the plans' relationship with climate neutrality actions in the literature. This research contributes to understanding how local municipalities prioritize climate neutrality in their efforts to address climate change and offers recommendations for improving the integration of climate neutrality principles into local policies and action.Master Thesis Gis-Based Mapping of Spatial Experiences: Case of University Students in İzmir(2023) Bulut, Gülcan; Şenol, FatmaThis research investigates which factors affect the urban experiences of 18 to 25-year-old university students in Izmir. It focuses on factors such as gender, income, living with or without family, and lifetime in İzmir above or below three years. It investigates how these factors affect students' use of the city's socio-cultural areas, daily and general shopping areas, sports and outdoor activity areas, and outdoor eating and drinking areas. It also investigates the places in the city that students enjoy and are unenjoyable and why they enjoy or are unenjoyable. Aiming to go one step beyond the survey and trying to use the Qualitative GIS method, it tries to capture sketch maps and narratives in a single study by using spatial markings and open-ended questions in the survey, and while doing this, it uses Survey123, with an ArcGIS application. Research data were collected from 32 men and 58 women who were Izmir Institute of Technology students. The result of this study explains the urban experiences and city perceptions of university students in line with survey results and spatial markings. As a result, it develops suggestions and strategies for the design of activity areas by looking at the urban usage areas of the students.Master Thesis How Out-Of Activity Areas and Surrounding Land Uses Affect Students' Feelings About Coming School?: Cases in İzmir(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Özkan, Tuba Nur; Şenol, FatmaAraştırma 10-15 yaşındaki ortaokul öğrencilerinin okula gelme ile ilgili olumlu duygularını etkileyen faktörleri incelemektedir. Okul bahçesi gibi derslik dışı aktivite alanları ve park, diğer kentsel yeşil alanlar gibi okul çevresindeki arazi kullanımlarının öğrencilerin fiziksel ve zihinsel sağlıklarına etkisi kanıtlanmıştır. Fakat bu alanların ve buna ek olarak farklı derslik dışı aktivite alanları ve okul çevresindeki arazi kullanımlarının öğrencilerin okula gelmeye dair olumlu duygularına olan etkisine dair bir araştırmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu tezde okula gelmeye dair olumlu duyguların önemli bir parçası olan okula bağlılık, akademik başarı, okul iklimi ve okula düzenli katılımı etkileyen etkenler üzerinden yola çıkarak okula gelmeye dair olumlu duygulara etki eden faktörleri saptamıştır. Bu faktörleri sosyal ve fiziksel faktörler olarak ele almıştır. Sosyal faktörler bireysel, ebeveyn, ev ve ev halkının karakteristik özellikleri olarak gruplandırılmıştır. Fiziksel özellikler ise derslik dışı aktivite alanları ve okul çevresindeki arazi kullanımları olarak ele alınmıştır. Aynı zamanda çocukların bu alanlara dair algıları ve bu alanlardan beklentileri de incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğrencilerin okula gelmeye ilişkin olumlu duyguları ile okul içi sınıf dışındaki etkinlik alanlarının ve okul çevresindeki arazi kullanımları çeşitliliği arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Bu tez Konak ve Karabağlar / İzmir'de dört mahallenin dört ortaokulunda 10-15 yaş ortaöğretim öğrencileri hakkında geliştirilmiştir. Alan gözlemleri ve kullanıcı anketleri sunmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, okulların yer seçimi ve derslik dışı aktivite alanlarının fiziksel tasarımına dair öneri ve stratejiler geliştirmektedir.Master Thesis Surroundings of Metro Stations as Public Spaces: User Perceptions in the Cases in İzmir(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Aksoy, Serenay; Şenol, FatmaMetro stations are public transport stops with functional parts of the transport system. Moreover, these stations and their surroundings are public spaces where people as a group or individually come together for different purposes and use these spaces for resting, spending time, and entertainment. In addition to the functionality of the station structures, their spatial design integrated with its immediate environment and oriented to people needs are significant points to be considered. The metro station surrounding is a transit point for the transportation needs of many people during the day. This study deals within this area in terms of being used as a public space. The main purpose of this study is to determine the physical and social factors that affect perceptions of people and use of space in the public space in the example of metro station surroundings and to determine how this situation differs depending on the individual characteristics of the users such as age, gender, income, education, working status. The method followed in this context; Evka-3, Konak, Fahrettin Altay (İzmir) includes collecting data through the field observations of perceptions of people and physical characteristics in the public space around the metro station, and the factors affecting user perceptions and space use, through a survey with 300 people. There are many factors such as making you feel safe, aesthetic, attractive, comfortable, and visible among the physical and social factors affecting the use of the station surroundings. Land use and accessibility in the immediate vicinity of the station are other important factors that affect perceptions of people for the physical environment about the use of space. This study proposes urban design interferences to improve user perceptions of the metro station surrounding and increase the use of these areas.Master Thesis Everyday Spatial Tactics of Women Living in Deprived Neighborhoods: a Case With Refugee and Non-Refugee Women in İzmir(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Aygün, Gamzenur; Şenol, FatmaThis study aims to examine the differing and intersecting daily life experiences of Syrian refugee women and non-refugee women living in deprived neighborhoods as well as their spatial tactics in urban public spaces that develop through these experiences. In deprived neighborhoods, low-income groups live, and ethnic diversity is high. The residents' daily routines become common due to spatial proximity and interaction. In addition to these commonalities, the research questions how the urban daily life tactics of women living in deprived neighborhoods differ through their refugee identities. The case study of the research, developed with an ethnographic approach, is based on the Sakarya and Yeni neighborhoods in İzmir. In these neighborhoods, refugee population density is relatively high. Research data were gathered through 30 in-depth interviews with refugee and non-refugee women living in the study site, local expert interviews as mukhtars and associations, and field observations. This study reveals the social and physical deprivation characteristics of the neighborhood and explains women’s perceptions of the neighborhood through their daily experiences. Deprivation experiences and perceptions of women in the neighborhood affect their use of urban public spaces. This study discusses the spatial tactics of refugee and non-refugee women in urban public spaces as part of their daily routines.Master Thesis Women's Urban Spatial Mobility: Female Drivers in Jeddah City(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Abusaif, Wafa Bassam Yousif; Şenol, FatmaThis study examines the socio-spatial factors that impact female drivers in terms of spatial mobility and city experience, as well as the characteristics of their spatial mobility. Women’s spatial mobility tend to be family-oriented, shorter in distances, longer in time, multi-chained, and they tend to depend more on public transportation. Gender roles and safety are two main starting point in understanding the nature of women’s spatial mobility in the city. There are three factors that influence women’s spatial mobility: individual-related factors, social-related factors, and political related factors. Women who are older in age, married with at least one dependent child, have lower education, unemployed, and come from lower income household have less spatial mobility and overall city experience. Other political factors such as laws and regulations, and the lack of female participation in transportation and urban planning and academic studies play a critical role in hindering women’s spatial mobility. This aim of this research is to investigates two main aspects of women’s spatial mobility. The first aspect is to investigate the social and individual factors that impact her likability to drive her own car or to travel with other public transportation. The second aspect is the impact of gender role and the presence of at least one dependent child on the the characteristics of spatial mobility for women who drive/travel. This study is developed using a case study on female drivers and travelers from Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia. Jeddah was chosen as a new emergent case in the literature review. This study will include conducted surveys with 100 women who drive and women who travel, with or without at least one dependent child.Master Thesis Children's Perceptions of Neighborhood Qualities: a Case in Çorum (turkey)(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2021) Saraçer, Gizem; Şenol, FatmaChildren's usage of open spaces is an important research field since it has several consequences on the healthy development of children. However, today most of the urban areas and particularly streets are designed for the use and needs of adults and cars. Moreover, there is an increasing shift in children's life from outdoor to indoor spaces resulted by the changes in the physical environment and parental safety perception. This study examines a group of 9-10 years old children's neighborhood perception in two neighborhoods in the central city of Çorum. It deploys an online parental survey, our site observations of physical characteristics of these neighborhoods, and a focus group interview with 22 children. This thesis aims to grasp physical and social factors of the neighborhood affecting children's usage of their immediate surroundings to improve children's active involvement in urban areas. Thus, strategies and recommendations are developed at the neighborhood level with the data extracted from field research to create child-friendly urban environments. According to the study findings, parental licenses are affected by social factors more than physical factors of the neighborhood. Besides, fear about strangers and vehicle traffic are the factors that cause parental restrictions at most. To create a child-friendly city, presence of other children in the neighborhood, suitable play equipment for different age groups, places for individual and group activities and mix land uses in the neighborhood are the common factors that emerged from the children's responses. Although parents and children give similar responses to the factors that negatively affect their perceptions, such as fear of strangers and inadequacy of green spaces, they have different expectations and concerns about their neighborhood. Therefore, the data obtained in this study highlight the importance of examining the different needs of children and parents at the neighborhood level in order to create child-friendly cities.Master Thesis Adolescents' Uses of Urban Public Spaces: a Case in Menderes (izmir)(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2021) Şahin, Fatma Nur; Şenol, FatmaThe study examines how adolescents use urban public spaces and what kind of urban spaces they want. It details the social and physical environmental characteristics affecting the uses of public spaces and user perceptions of 15-18 years old students in the central settlement of Menderes District of the Izmir Province. This is a critical subject needed for an investigation. Public spaces are one of the common areas for the socialization and personal development of adolescents. Various studies have determined that adolescents' use of public spaces (e.g., streets, squares, parks) has differences from the general public use. Adolescents use public spaces to improve their relations with their surroundings, socialize with their peers and participate in various activities. They participate in friend-group activities, such as talking, chatting, resting, having fun, spending time with friends, playing games, meeting, hanging out, and so on. Although there is an increasing number of studies abroad, there is an important literature gap about characteristics affecting adolescents' use of public spaces in Turkey. In addition to many social characteristics (such as meeting with peers, feel free), adolescents' perceptions of the physical characteristics of the built environment (such as being an accessible, natural, and clean environment) are some of the essential characteristics that shape their use of public space. For this reason, the needs of adolescents must meet to achieve the necessary gains to complete their social development healthily and become well-developed adults in the future. However, studies on spatial possibilities are lacking that allow the realization of activities that meet these needs. This study aims to determine the social and physical characteristics affecting adolescents' use and perceptions of public spaces. This thesis developed as research about 15-18 years old high school students about their preferences and usage experiences in urban public spaces in the city center of Menderes District of İzmir. The differences in the uses and preferences of adolescents in using public spaces should reflect in the physical designs and plans of residential areas. Finally, it develops recommendations and strategies for the physical design of the public open spaces for adolescents.Master Thesis Age-friendly' Neighbourhood Parks: Evaluating Parks in Karşıyaka (izmir) According To User Perceptions(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Imıl, Ahmet Said; Şenol, FatmaNeighbourhood parks are expected to be accessible public open spaces located in a walking distance to the residences of individuals and provide them opportunities for leisure activities, physical activities and socializing. Use of neighbourhood parks is beneficial for all, but especially for older adults, as most of their daily routines are bound to neighbourhood environment. It is observed that older adults using neighbourhood parks often tend to have better physiological, mental and social health. On the other hand, not all older adults use neighbourhood parks, commonly because physical and social characteristics of these parks are not responsive to their age-related spatial needs and expectations. An ‘age-friendly’ park is supposed to be accessible, attractive, comfortable and safe for all, and particularly older adults. Certain factors about parks and park surroundings, for instance, walkability of the streets, opportunities for social interactions or existence of restrooms affect the perceptions of older adults about the age-friendliness of parks. The aim of this study is to identify the socio-spatial characteristics of parks that contribute to their age-friendliness, based on studies about spatial experiences of older adults in public open spaces. Then as a case study based on interviews with 65 years old and older park users in two relatively age-friendly neighbourhood parks in Karşıyaka (Izmir) that are selected through site observations, this study intends to evaluate how age-friendly the older adults perceive these parks, in relation to access to parks, physical and social characteristics of parks and park surroundings. Finally, the study intends to use its findings to develop recommendations for urban design interventions to improve age-friendliness of neighbourhood parks.Master Thesis Children's Active Commuting To Schools in Different Neighbourhoods: Design of Streets as Child Friendy Environments(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Abatay, Gülce; Şenol, FatmaThe study examines the factors that affect the 8-11 years old primary school students' commute to school by using active transportation modes (i.e., walking and bicycling). Active commuting to school is promoted for children as the main opportunity for children’s physical activity for their physical and even mental health. However, in recent years there has been a significant decrease in the number of children who engage in physical activity in many parts of the world including Turkey. As a result of rapid urbanization, decreasing number of open spaces in urban areas and also increasing level of car ownership are seen as the main reasons for children’s passive lifestyles. One of the easiest and most practical ways to adopt physical activity in children's daily life is to enable children to commute to their school by walking or bicycling. On the other hand, although there are increasing number of studies abroad, there is an important literature gap about the factors affecting children’s active commuting to school in Turkey. Besides multiple social factors (such as parents' concerns about the safety of their children) children's perceptions about physical characteristics of the built environment (such as land use and vehicular traffic) are some of the significant factors shaping travel mode of children to school. The aim of this study is to identify the social and physical factors that affect mode choice of children's commuting to their school while examining children's and their parents' experiences and expectations about the built environment. Developing as a study about 8-11 years old primary school students in two schools of two neighbourhoods in Bornova/Izmir, this thesis deploys fields observations and majorly user surveys with these children and their parents about their experiences of commuting to school. Finally, it develops recommendations and strategies for the physical design of the streets for children to use active transportation opportunities.