Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/3008
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Master Thesis Investigation of Biomarkers Using Lipidome-Based Research Analysis in Sialidosis(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2024) Gümüş, İlker; Seyrantepe, Volkan; Seyrantepe, Volkan; 04.03. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyNeuraminidase 1, also known as N-acetyl-α-neuraminidase, is an enzyme found in lysosomes and encoded by the NEU1 gene. This enzyme is responsible for eliminating terminal sialic acids from glycoproteins and oligosaccharides. When mutations occur in the NEU1 gene, it leads to a particular lysosomal storage disorder known as sialidosis. Sialidosis is a rare genetic disorder that is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Sialidosis is classified into two subtypes: Type I, which has a later onset and Type II, which presents with early onset. In previous studies, an increase in glycolipid levels in visceral organs, and accumulation of sialyloligosaccharides and sialoglycoproteins were reported. However, the effect of NEU1 sialidase on secondary lipid expression levels in sialidosis pathology remains unknown. The relationship between lipid expression levels and inflammation of human and mice sialidosis fibroblasts cell lines was analyzed for the first time in this study. To understand the connection between secondary lipid alterations and inflammation in sialidosis molecular biological approaches and shotgun lipidome analysis were followed. The link between the secondary lipid alterations and its association with sialidosis was determined in our research. We have concluded that the findings not only provide the elucidation of the lipidome characteristics in sialidosis models of mice and patients, but they also have the potential to establish a connection between the lipidome features and the occurrence of neuroinflammation in sialidosis. Grasping the correlation between the changes in secondary lipids and inflammation may offer therapeutic strategies for sialidosis patients by modulating the expression of secondary lipids.Master Thesis Molecular Evolutionary and Population Genetics Analyses of Human H1n1 Ha and Na Genes in Pandemic and Non-Pandemic Years(2023) Sezgin, Efe; Sezgin, Efe; 03.08. Department of Food Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyThe 1918 H1N1 pandemic, known as Spanish Flu, is one of the deadliest pandemics on recorded history. It is estimated that the Spanish Flu pandemic affected over 500 million people across the globe, and the death toll is estimated to be between 20 to 50 million. Ever since this, scientists worked hard to find an effective vaccine for influenza, but its very rapidly evolving nature made this task quite the challenge. In this thesis we performed molecular evolution and population genetics analyses on 35714 hemagglutinin and 36302 neuraminidase nucleotide sequences to better understand the evolution of these proteins. The Tajima's D values showed strong positive selection on the pandemic year of 2009 and the BEAST analysis results also suggested there was a greater exponential growth compared to other years. The relaxation of selection and lack of exponential population growth was inferred from the calculations for 2021 sequences, whereas the positive selection on the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins was evident for the 2022 sequences. Outgroup tests also confirmed the positive selection was acting on the pandemic and non-pandemic years, the tests also confirmed the divergence of human influenza neuraminidase from the swine influenza neuraminidase. HA2 part of hemagglutinin and 475-500 nt part of neuraminidase proteins were found to be the most conserved parts of these proteins. In conclusion, the positive selection on these two proteins returned after the year 2021, which was a very unusual year for influenza that caused the positive selection on the virus and the exponential growth rates of the virus to decline. The most conserved regions can be a good candidate for small molecule/drug and vaccine studies.