Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/3008
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Master Thesis Assessment of Groundwater Potential Using Geographic Information System Based Multi Criteria Decision Analysis Methods: Case Study of Panj Amu River Basin, Afghanistan(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2024) Abhar, Mohammad Tarıq; Demirkesen, Ali Can; Baba, AlperAfghanistan, where water is the most important resource for energy production and the economy. The country still struggles with access to clean drinking water, and its main supply of drinking water comes from groundwater. Unfortunately, not much is known about the country's groundwater system. The assessment of groundwater potential and groundwater stability is crucial for sustainable water management, agricultural development, urban and rural water supply, and disaster mitigation. It supports environmental protection, economic development, public health, and conflict prevention by ensuring reliable and sustainable access to groundwater resources. In regions such as the Panj Amu River Basin, this identification is particularly important due to the high dependence on groundwater. Therefore, the thesis focuses on water budget, groundwater potential, availability, and the impact of various parameters on groundwater recharge of the PARB using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Frequency Ratio (FR) and Evidential Belief Function (EBF) methods. Ten thematic layers including precipitation, geology, lineament density, drainage density, soil texture, land use and land cover, topographic wetness index, curvature, normalized difference vegetation index and slope gradient were used as influencing factors along with groundwater static level data, runoff and evapotranspiration for this research work. All geographic datasets were analyzed using the ArcMap environment and the required spatial data were obtained from various approved relevant online sources. The water balance analysis for the Panj Amu River Basin indicates that 1.887 billion cubic meters' infiltrates into the groundwater system annually. The total annual groundwater consumption by humans, livestock and agricultural activities amounts to 808.19 million cubic meters. Consequently, the annual net groundwater budget in the basin is 1.078 billion cubic meters, suggesting that the groundwater system in the PARB is currently sustainable. All three methods indicate high groundwater potential in sparsely v populated mountainous regions with high rainfall and permeable geology and soil conditions. The key regions include the northeast of Takhar, the east and southeast of Baghlan and the northwest and east (some parts of the Wakhan corridor) of Badakhshan have high groundwater potential. In general, the Panj Amu River Basin has moderate groundwater potential. Area Under the Curve (AUC) and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis were used to validate the study. The results show that the EBF methods has the highest efficiency with an AUC of 92.6%, followed by the FR method with 91.5% and the AHP model with 80.2%.Master Thesis Gis-Based Determination of Suitable Agricultural Areas and Comparison With Current Land Use, the Case Study of İzmir(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Ekinci, Özge; Demirkesen, Ali CanAgricultural production is the main source of life for humanity. In order to the protection and proper use of agricultural lands are of great importance. İzmir has a high potential in terms of agricultural areas. There are three basin areas within the provincial borders and fertile agricultural areas where the continuity of agricultural production can be ensured. With the effect of urbanization and population growth, the settlements expanded towards agricultural areas. For the correct use, sustainability and efficiency of agricultural lands, the most suitable areas in terms of agricultural production should be analyzed correctly. This study was carried out to determine the most suitable areas for agriculture in İzmir. The study considers a Geographic Information System GIS-based approach. The combination of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and GIS can be used in the process of generating solutions for complex planning problems. In the first stage of the study, the criteria were weightlessly overlayed, and a result map was obtained. In the second stage, weights were obtained for each criterion using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Suitability analyzes for the study area were obtained by weighted overlay analysis using GIS. Environmental characteristics, soil characteristics and economic factors were taken into account while performing the suitability analysis for agricultural areas. The same criteria were used for both suitability analyses. As a result of the comparison between the two maps, a resultant map obtained by the weighted overlay method was found to be more reliable, and the results were compared with the current situation. In the current situation comparison, Great Lowland Protection Areas, 1/100000 Scaled Environmental Plan, and Law No. 5403 are discussed. When the comparisons were made, the areas that differed with the current situation were determined. It is seen that the agricultural lands obtained as a result of the suitability analysis are spread over wider areas compared to the current situation.