Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/3008
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Master Thesis Assessment of Groundwater Potential Using Geographic Information System Based Multi Criteria Decision Analysis Methods: Case Study of Panj Amu River Basin, Afghanistan(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2024) Abhar, Mohammad Tarıq; Demirkesen, Ali Can; Baba, AlperAfghanistan, where water is the most important resource for energy production and the economy. The country still struggles with access to clean drinking water, and its main supply of drinking water comes from groundwater. Unfortunately, not much is known about the country's groundwater system. The assessment of groundwater potential and groundwater stability is crucial for sustainable water management, agricultural development, urban and rural water supply, and disaster mitigation. It supports environmental protection, economic development, public health, and conflict prevention by ensuring reliable and sustainable access to groundwater resources. In regions such as the Panj Amu River Basin, this identification is particularly important due to the high dependence on groundwater. Therefore, the thesis focuses on water budget, groundwater potential, availability, and the impact of various parameters on groundwater recharge of the PARB using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Frequency Ratio (FR) and Evidential Belief Function (EBF) methods. Ten thematic layers including precipitation, geology, lineament density, drainage density, soil texture, land use and land cover, topographic wetness index, curvature, normalized difference vegetation index and slope gradient were used as influencing factors along with groundwater static level data, runoff and evapotranspiration for this research work. All geographic datasets were analyzed using the ArcMap environment and the required spatial data were obtained from various approved relevant online sources. The water balance analysis for the Panj Amu River Basin indicates that 1.887 billion cubic meters' infiltrates into the groundwater system annually. The total annual groundwater consumption by humans, livestock and agricultural activities amounts to 808.19 million cubic meters. Consequently, the annual net groundwater budget in the basin is 1.078 billion cubic meters, suggesting that the groundwater system in the PARB is currently sustainable. All three methods indicate high groundwater potential in sparsely v populated mountainous regions with high rainfall and permeable geology and soil conditions. The key regions include the northeast of Takhar, the east and southeast of Baghlan and the northwest and east (some parts of the Wakhan corridor) of Badakhshan have high groundwater potential. In general, the Panj Amu River Basin has moderate groundwater potential. Area Under the Curve (AUC) and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis were used to validate the study. The results show that the EBF methods has the highest efficiency with an AUC of 92.6%, followed by the FR method with 91.5% and the AHP model with 80.2%.Master Thesis Investigation of Vegetation and Agricutural Soils in Relation To Groundwater by Using Geographic Information Systems (gis): a Case Study of Manisa, Alaşehir Basin(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2018) Budak, Seda; Demirkesen, Ali CanGroundwater is a natural resource that is directly or indirectly affected by any intervention in nature that we use in all areas of our life. In this sense, the issue of the groundwater is a study-subject that interests many professions and researches. Urban planning is a profession area that is directly related to the groundwater issues as decision-making on spatial and functional decisions about the city and the natural environment. However, groundwater resources are not taken into account as aboveground natural resources during the planning phase. Plans without consideration of groundwater potential cause threatening consequences for both existing natural resources and residents in the region. For this reason, the focus point of the thesis is the groundwater and its determination and investigation of relationship among the groundwater, vegetation, and agricultural soils. The aim of this thesis is to determine the groundwater potential (GWP) locations of Alaşehir Basin by a multi-criteria (proxies) method based on Geographic Information System (GIS) integrated with Remote Sensing (RS). The method used in this study includes 10 proxies as mult-criteria that play important roles on determination of the potential of the groundwater, combining these proxies in a digital media and illustrating output image maps of them. These proxies are: Normalized Difference Vegitation Index (NDVI), Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), land-use land-cover (LULC), lineament, topography (Digital Elevation Model – DEM), slope, drainage, lithology, hydraulic conductivity, and soil types. The main data sources of the study are: Landsat-8 OLI multi-spetral satellite image bands, the Aster Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the study area and the GIS data layers from the institutions and research studies. According to study, the most GWP locations are seen in northeast of Salihli, in southeast of Alaşehir and around Dereköy. This findings are so important for planning in terms of groundwater pollution risk management.