Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/3008
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Master Thesis Molecular Investigation of P. Aeruginosa in the Presence of 4-Hba(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Ekenel, Nil Hazal; Soyer Dönmez, FerdaThe escalating threat to human health posed by bacterial pathogens is increasingly attributed to the growing prevalence and distribution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In response to antibiotics, microorganisms have developed resistance mechanisms to elude and survive the impacts of these drugs. Phenolic acids have emerged as potent candidates in the battle against bacterial infections due to their unique property of not inducing resistance. This study focuses explicitly on 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA), a type of phenolic acid, as an effective antimicrobial agent. Proteomics research has become an indispensable tool in the fight against antimicrobial resistance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a bacterium capable of existing in both planktonic and biofilm states and known to cause numerous human diseases, is of particular significance in this context. Furthermore, the study explores the molecular aspects of P. aeruginosa when exposed to 4-HBA through proteomic analysis, revealing a significant impact on protein biosynthesis as a predominantly affected function. Additionally, P. aeruginosa, the study investigates the effects of phenolic acid and antibiotic-loaded bone cements on Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecium, and P. aeruginosa. Remarkably, 20 percent inhibition rate is achieved after 48 hours of treatment. Moreover, the study examines biofilm produced by P. aeruginosa in the presence of 4-HBA, utilizing both the Crystal Violet assay and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Significantly, the biofilm formation is observed to be disrupted by these methodologies. Overall, this study underscores the effectiveness of 4-HBA as antimicrobial compound against diverse range of pathogens, as demonstrated through both phenotypic and proteomic approaches.Master Thesis Investigation of Antimicrobial Properties of 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid and Its Application in Bone Cement(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Dokumacı, Ecem; Soyer Dönmez, FerdaThe bone cement is composed of polymethylmethacrylate powder and liquid methylmethacrylate which is commonly used in clinical applications. Nosocomial pathogens utilize the bone cement surface to induce infections, so that bone cements are loaded with various antibiotics to inhibit the infection. Nevertheless, the bacteria gain resistance against antibiotics since the antibiotics are released at slow rates. Phenolic acids are secondary metabolites of plants to prevent infections; thus, are promising antimicrobial chemicals against pathogens. The main aim of this study is the investigation of the antimicrobial effect of liquid and powder 4-hydroxybenzoic acid-loaded bone cement on Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. Previously, liquid and powder vancomycin-loaded bone cement had been studied against MRSA and Candida albicans, caffeic acid-loaded bone cement is also investigated on the S. aureus. This study will be the first investigation that the antimicrobial effect of liquid and powder phenolic acid-loaded bone cement against pathogens. 4-HBA was added directly into polymethylmethacrylate powder and mixed with liquid methylmethacrylate. Cement discs were prepared by metal mold and the antimicrobial assay was carried out to determine the bacterial growth inhibition. The structural features of bone cements such as pores and surface were characterized SEM. The antimicrobial agent release of bone cement was also examined by spectrophotometer and HPLC was used for confirmation. Resistance development against 4-HBA was tested on MRSA and Acinetobacter haemolyticus by exposing them to the sub-inhibitory concentrations. The possible genes for the resistance were checked by ddPCR. The significant inhibition of bacterial growth by 4-HBA-loaded bone cement is expected and liquid 4-HBA is expected to be released at a higher rate. Therefore, the phenolic acids may be used as antimicrobial agents in bone cement to inhibit pathogenic bacterial growth.