Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri

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Department: search.filters.department.Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, ChemistrySubject: search.filters.subject.Nanoparticles

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 10
  • Master Thesis
    Synthesis, Characterization and Investigation of Antioxidant, Antibacterial Properties of Different Nanocomplexes Loaded With 6-Thioguanine
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2024) Şimdim, Zeynep Sena; Mohamed, Gülşah Şanlı; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    Metal-Organik çerçeveler (MOF), çekici nitelikleri nedeniyle ve çok dişli organik köprü ligandlarıyla bağlanan metal iyonları veya kümelerden oluşan oldukça gözenekli moleküler yapılardan oluşan yepyeni bir kategori olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır ve çeşitli ortamlarda kullanılmak üzere önemli miktarda potansiyele sahip olan ZIF-8 ve UiO-66; anti-neoplastik ve immünosüpresif aktiviteye sahip sentetik bir guanozin analogu antimetabolit olan 6-TG'nin terapötik etkinliğini arttırmak ve toksisitesini en aza indirmek için 6-TG bu metal organik çerçevelere yüklenmiştir. Böylelikle ilaç-nanokompleksi elde edilerek nispeten toksik olmayan, biyouyumlu, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilen, katyonik, biyo-yapışkan, düşük immünojenite ve geçirgenliği arttırıcı özelliklerine sahip 6-TG@ZIF-8 ve 6-TG@UiO-66 nanopartikülleri oluşturulmuştur. Buna ek olarak antibiyotiklerin etkisini ve doz-cevap ilişkilerini göstermek ve antibakteriyel direncin oluşturduğu etkileri gözlemlemek için gram negatif bakteri familyasından Escherichia coli (E. coli) ve gram pozitif bakteri familyasından Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) üzerinde 6-TG,6-TG@ZIF-8 ve 6-TG@UiO-66 nanoparçacıklarının seri dilüsyon yöntemiyle bakteri inhibisyonuna bakılmıştır. Ayrıca, antioksidan etkiye sahip doğal kaynaklı ve sentetik kaynaklı bileşiklerin keşfi için, in vitro olarak yapılan çeşitli test sistemlerinden biri olan DPPH analizi yapılarak antioksidan aktivite test edilmiştir.
  • Master Thesis
    Design of Micelle Embedded Chitosan Nanocomposites for Targeted Delivery of Hydrophobic Drugs
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2016) Cihan, Esra; Polat, Hürriyet; Polat, Hürriyet; 04.01. Department of Chemistry; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    When successed to synthesize in a nanoparticulate form, chitosan has found to be a very effective biomaterial for drug delivery purposes owing to its extremely attractive characteristics such as its positive charge and pH sensitivity in aqueous medium. However, its structure as it is, is not suitable for oil soluble drugs. Even a close control on the size and shape of chitosan particles alone becomes a state of art and the production of chitosan nanoparticles is very difficult. Therefore, in this study, several methods were designed and used for synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles (<100 nm) with a hydrophobic core that are suitable for oil soluble drugs. Characterization of these nanoparticles were done by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Scanning Transmission Microscope (STEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), surface tension and zeta potential measurements. It was concluded that the best method was the coupling of drug loading with simple ionic gelation method among all the others. Hydrophobic drug loaded micelle embedded chitosan nano particles were able to manufactured successfully. The sizes of chitosan particles that embed Pluronic-123 micelles were larger (<100 nm) than the sizes of Pluronic-123 micelles (20 nm) alone. It was also possible to obtain smaller chitosan nanoparticles (<50 nm) that embed drug loaded Pluronic-123 micelles when their structure is modified by Sodiumdodecylsulfate.
  • Master Thesis
    Immobilization of Thermophilic Esterase on Magnetic Cornstarch Nanoparticles for Biological Applications
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2016) Öz, Yasin; Şanlı Mohamed, Gülşah; Şanlı Mohamed, Gülşah; 04.01. Department of Chemistry; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    In last three decades, even the role of enzymes for biological and industrial applications has become more worthy, enzymes also have some defects. The enzyme immobilization allows to overcome these defects by improving abilities of reusing of catalysts by multiple times, easier reactor operation and product separation. Due to its potential use in biological and industrial applications, isolated thermophilic esterase from Geobacillus sp. was immobilized on magnetic cornstarch nanoparticles. In order to determine activity performance of immobilized enzyme, the effects of temperature, pH and some chemicals on enzyme activity were investigated. The results have shown that after immobilization, the relative activity of immobilized esterase has increased to 80% at 80 0C in comparison to free esterase. Therewithal, the reusability of immobilized esterase has increased fourfold in comparison to free esterase. The magnetic character of the support media has brought ease to separate biocatalysts from reaction media.
  • Master Thesis
    Immobilization of Olive Leaf Extract on Chitosan Nanoparticles and Investigation of Their Effects on Cancer Cell Lines
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2014) Özdamar, Burcu; Şanlı Mohamed, Gülşah; Şanlı Mohamed, Gülşah; 04.01. Department of Chemistry; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    Cancer incidence and mortality rates are increasing worldwide in both economically developed and developing countries. Breast cancer in females and lung cancer in males are the most common cancer types. Epidemiological research has provided increasing evidence that dietary habits, especially Mediterranean diet which has high consumption of olive oil and its products, may play an important role in lung and breast cancer. Due to their preventive effect against cancer, olive leaf extract rich in polyphenols was immobilizied on chitosan nanoparticles which are good drug carriers because of their biocompatible and biodegradable properties with the help of capability of passing through biological barriers. For this aim, olive leaf extract loaded chitosan nanaoparticles were synthesized by ionotropic gelation mechanism. Optimum conditions to synthesize nanoparticles were determined by investigation of the effect of chitosan and tripolyphosphate mass ratio, initial pH of chitosan solution, concentration of olive leaf extract and incubation time of olive leaf extract and tripolyphosphate with chitosan solution. Characterization of nanoparticles was performed by dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. To investigate the anticancer properties of nanoparticles, molecular biological studies were performed by in vitro cytotoxicity studies based on MTT assay, in vitro cell cycle analysis and apoptosis by flow cytometer and imaging of cells by optical microscopy. In results, olive leaf extract loaded chitosan nanaoparticles obtained approximately 91.25 nm and showed more cytotoxicity than chitosan nanoparticles, chitosan and olive leaf extract for both lung and breast cancer cells. In contrast, there was no cytotoxicity for healthy cells. These effects were supported by cell cycle analysis. Also in optical imaging, lower number of cells and morfological differences on cancerous cells which supports the cytotoxicity results were observed. We can conclude that our results will open a new approach to use not only cytotoxic anticancer drug for cancerous cells but also biocompatible material for biomedical applications.
  • Master Thesis
    Hydrothermal Synthasis and Investigation of Catalytic Activities of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2013) Boz, Mithat; Çağır, Ali; Emirdağ Eanes, Mehtap; Eanes, Mehtap; Çağır, Ali; 04.01. Department of Chemistry; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    Single crystalline cerium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized with hydrothermal method by mixing cerium nitrate [Ce(NO3)3.6H2O] aqueous solution with NaOH and urea. SEM, TEM and XRD characterization methods were used in order to identify morphology. First part of the study includes the work on effect of hydrothermal parameters, such as base type and concentration, surfactant, reaction temperature, and time on particle size and morphology. The reaction time, temperature and concentration trials were carried out for urea only. When base types were compared, smaller particles were synthesized in the presence of NaOH yet smaller crystalline sized particles were obtained in the presence of urea. Effect of surfactant was investigated however there was no significant effect on size or morphology. Effect of concentration was clear, cubic and triangular prism shaped particles obtained for concentrations lower than 1M, and for concentration higher than 1M, agglomerated spherical particles were obtained. Reaction time and temperature were also investigated and all the reactions resulted in agglomerated non-uniform spherical particles. There was no considerable difference in particle and crystalline size for these samples. Due to the sub-micron size of CeO2 synthesized using urea, CeO2 nanoparticles synthesized using NaOH for catalysis. Second part includes the investigation of catalytic property of CeO2 nanoparticles. CeO2 nanoparticles were used as catalyst in the synthesis of flavone from 2‟-hydroxychalcone. Total flavone yield was approximately 42.5 %. Several reaction parameters were studied in order to achieve the flavone synthesis. TLC, GC-MS and NMR were used in order to monitor the results of the reactions.
  • Master Thesis
    Development of a Novel Electrocardiography Sensor Based on a Composite Silver Chloride Nanoparticles and Polyaniline
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2013) Taşcıoğlu, Didem; Özçelik, Serdar; Taşcıoğlu, Didem; Özçelik, Serdar; 04.01. Department of Chemistry; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology; 04. Faculty of Science
    The electrical activity of the heart is detected by electrodes attached to the surface of the skin. These electrodes detect bioelectrical signals in the human body. Physilogical status of heart condition especially cardiovascular diseases and disturbances in the cardiac rthym are recorded by electrocardiography (ECG). Despite the fact that the usage of disposable ECG electrodes in our country is substantial nearly as 70 million in 2010, these electrodes are not fabricated in Turkey. In the scope of this study, it was aimed to develop a novel sensor based on synthesized AgCl/Polyaniline nanocomposites for ECG electrodes. In this study, the production of silver chloride (AgCl) nanoparticles was achieved by the polyol method. ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) was used as a supporting material of the ECG electrode. Synthesized AgCl nanoparticles were not easily adsorbed on the surface of ABS. We develop a synthetic chemistry to perform simultaneous synthesis of AgCl nanoparticle and polymerization of aniline on surface of ABS. Polyaniline acts as a chemical linker between the nanoparticle and ABS surface in the same batch reactor. The synthesized composite based on polyaniline and AgCl nanoparticles completely covers the surface of ABS. To evaluate electrodes, we fabricated a disposable ECG electrode and compared it with the disposable electrodes that are commercially available. The electrocardiography data indicated that the fabricated electrodes were demonstrated a performance which is comparable with the commercial electrodes. The results demonstrate that a novel ECG electrodes can be manufactured based on this new composite material and method develop in our laboratory.
  • Master Thesis
    Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Single Crystalline Ceo2 Nanoparticles for Catalytic Applications
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2012) Meşin, Taylan; Emirdağ Eanes, Mehtap; Eanes, Mehtap; 04.01. Department of Chemistry; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    Single crystalline cerium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized with hydrothermal method by mixing cerium nitrate[Ce(NO3)3.6H2O] aqueous solution with alkali bases CsOH and RbOH. SEM, TEM and XRD characterization methods were used in order to identify morphology. First part of the study includes the work on effect of hydrothermal parameters, such as reaction temperature, reaction time, alkali base type and concentration on particle size and morphology. It was prooved that the size of ceria nanoparticles is directly proportional with the reaction time. The reaction temperature is also an important parameter that effect the morphology of nanoparticles. At 120 oC nanoparticles form rod like structure and as time goes they start to form cubic crystals. When the alkali base and concentration was changed the results showed that higher base concentration favors the particles to form bigger structures than that of lower concentrations. In addition, optical properties of CeO2 nanoparticles were studied by using the UV-Vis and Fluorescence Spectrometry. UV-Vis Spectroscopy results show that particle size of CeO2 nanoparticles synthesized in the presence of 8M RbOH are larger than that of synthesized in presence of 8M CsOH. When the reaction time decreases the Ce3+ defect increases based on the results of Fluorescence Spectrometry results. Second part of the study includes catalytic property of CeO2 nanoparticles. Ceria nanoparticles were used as catalyst in the synthesis of flavone from 2’-hydroxychalcone. Several reaction parameters were studied in order to achieve the flavone synthesis. TLC, GC, GC-MS and NMR were used in order to monitor the results of the reactios.
  • Master Thesis
    Synthesis and Characterization of Monodispere Silica Based Functional Nanoparticles for Multi-Purpose Applications
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2009) Altın, Burcu; Özçelik, Serdar; Özçelik, Serdar; 04.01. Department of Chemistry; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    The Stöber method was performed to tune the size of monodisperse silica nanoparticles in the range of 10 to 500 nm. It was observed that increasing amount of reactants favors the formation of larger particles A Stöber method in the presence of L-lysine as a catalyst instead of ammonia was developed to prepare well-ordered, highly monodisperse silica nanoparticles based on the hydrolysis and condensation of TEOS. The effect of medium temperature, amounts of L-lysine, TEOS, octane and dye on the size of particle was investigated. It was found that L-arginine increased the size of particles. The amount of TEOS was determined to be 50.0 mmol to obtain the smallest size of particle. The mole of L-lysine slightly altered the size of particles, however the surface of particles was substantially covered by L-lysine. The presence of octane does not change the size of particles. The amount of dye molecule Rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RBITC) does not alter the size of nanoparticles. We showed that temperature plays important role tuning the particle size from 5.0 nm to 80.0 nm.MTT assay indicates no cytotoxicity of the silica particles against MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell lines) and PC-3 (human prostate cancer cell lines) cancer cell lines. The particles enter to the cells within 5 minutes with a concentration of 0.1.g/mL. We propose that these particles can be used in the field of bioimaging and drug delivery.
  • Master Thesis
    Preparation of Electrospun Composite Fibers Based on Ps-pi-ps/Cdsxse1-x Nanoparticles
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2011) Aşkın, Görkem; Özçelik, Serdar; Demir, Mustafa Muammer; Demir, Mustafa Muammer; Özçelik, Serdar; 04.01. Department of Chemistry; 03.09. Department of Materials Science and Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    Polymeric fibrous films were prepared based on polystyrene-b-polyisoprene-bpolystyrene triblock copolymer (SIS) and CdSxSe1-x nanoparticles by electrospinning process. SIS with 14 wt % Styrene (14% PS-SIS) and 22 wt % Styrene (22% PS-SIS) triblock copolymers were employed. Both of them undergo microphase separation. While the former shows cylinder-like morphology, the latter exhibits the lamellae one. CdSxSe1-x partciles were stabilized by two different surfactant molecules: i) n-trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) and ii) oleic acid (OA). When the particles were blended with 22% PS-SIS, particles capped with TOPO preferentially filled to PS domain whereas particles capped with OA loaded into the PI domain. Composite electrospun fibers were prepared with a diameter of 1.5 mm on average. Electrospinning parameters (potential difference, solution concentration, flow rate) were investigated on fiber morphology. The films are colorless under day light and have strong green emission under UV light.
  • Master Thesis
    Snythesis, Characterization of Borosilicate Nanoparticles and Investigation of Their Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity in Human Cell Lines
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2011) Öztürk İlgü, Ekin; Özçelik, Serdar; Özçelik, Serdar; 04.01. Department of Chemistry; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    In this study, firstly, we aimed to synthesize silica and borosilicate nanoparticles by the Stöber method. We then investigated the biological response of bronchoalveolar carcinoma-derived cells (A549) and healthy bronchoalveolar cells (BEAS2B) against the silica and borosilicate nanoparticles, by evaluating cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. The nanoparticles were synthesized by a modified Stöber method. To prepare borosilicate nanoparticles tri methoxy boroxine (TMB) was used as boron source to coat the surface of the silica nanoparticles. By varying the amounts of ethanol and ammonia the size of nanoparticles were tuned from 60 to 450 nm. We proved the presence of boron in the borosilicate nanoparticles by Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and an acid-base titration method. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced both silica and borosilicate nanoparticles were investigated for the cell lines of A549 and BEAS-2B. Silica and borosilicate nanoparticles in all three sizes and dosages up to 500 μg/mL did not induce cytotoxic effects in A549 cells with incubation time up to 72 hours. The same amount of particles did not result in any cytotoxicity in BEAS-2B cells for 24 hours incubation, but they showed cytotoxic effects when the incubation time was increased to 48 and 72 hours. Furthermore, nanoparticles with sizes of 60 and 100 nm showed no genotoxicity for A549 but for BEAS-2B cells, silica nanoparticles induced genotoxic effects contrary to borosilicate nanoparticles.