Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri

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Department: search.filters.department.Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, Food EngineeringSubject: search.filters.subject.Edible coatings

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Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
  • Master Thesis
    Effect of Edible Film and Allicin on Shelf Life of Chicken Meat
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2024) Baysal, Ayşe Handan; Baysal, Ayşe Handan; 03.08. Department of Food Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    Tavuk eti besleyici değeri sebebiyle sağlıklı beslenme için önemli bir gıdadır ve büyüme çağındaki çocuklar ve yaşlılar gibi toplumun çoğu popülasyonu tarafından tüketilen bir gıdadır. Ancak tavuk eti kolay bozulabilen bir gıdadır ve bunun önüne geçmek için yenilebilir kaplamalardan ve biyoaktif bileşenlerden yararlanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, kitosanın antibakteriyel, antimikrobiyal, biyouyumlu ve biyolojik olarak parçalanabilir özellikleri ve allisinin antimikrobiyal, antifungal ve antioksidan özellikleri kullanılarak tavuk bagetlerdeki raf ömrüne etkisi incelenmiştir. Tavuk bagetlerin, farklı konsantrasyonlarda hazırlanan kitosan ve allisin çözeltileriyle K1A1(1% Kitosan + 10% Allisin), K1A2 (1% Kitosan + 20% Allisin), K2A1(2% Kitosan + 10% Allisin), K2A2(2% Kitosan + 20% Allisin) ve sadece kitosanın farklı konsantrasyonlarını içeren çözeltileriyle (%1 Kitosan, %2 Kitosan) kaplanması, mikrobiyolojik özellikleri, duyusal özellikleri, kimyasal parametleri, oksidatif bozulma parametreleri belirlenen raf ömrü boyunca 4 ⸰C'de saklanarak değerlendirilmiştir. Kitosan ve allisin ile kaplanan numunelerde ve kitosan çözeltisiyle kaplanmış numunelerde kontrol grubuna kıyasla toplam canlı, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas bakteri sayımlarında, bakteri sayısı önemli ölçüde azalmıştır. Toplam canlı gelişimini engellemede en etkili sonuç, tavuk bagetlerin raf ömrünü uzatan K2A1 örnek grubuyla elde edildi. Depolamanın 10. günündeki TBA sonuçlarında, %1 kitosanla kaplanmış tavuk bagetlerin 0.33 mg MDA/kg değeriyle lipid oksidasyonunu engellemede en başarılı grup olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçtan sonra en başarılı sonuç 0.55 mg MDA/kg değeriyle K1A2 örneği olmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Allisin, Antimikrobiyal,Antioksidan, Kitosan, TBA, Toplam canlı
  • Master Thesis
    Development of Pectin-Wax Composite Edible Films With High Moisture Barrier Properties
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2024) Yemenicioğlu, Ahmet; Yemenicioğlu, Ahmet; Yemenicioğlu, Ahmet; 03.08. Department of Food Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    Bu tez çalışmasında literatürde ilk kez turunçgil pektininin aynı anda hem su buharı geçirgenliği (WVP) düşük, hem de antimikrobiyel etki gösteren çift fonksiyonlu filmlerinin üretilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla ulaşmak için pektinin mumlarla sıcak homojenizasyon yöntemiyle emülsifikasyon yöntemi kullanılarak karvakrol içeren kompozit filmleri üretilmiştir. Pektinin %15 gliserol ve %40 balmumu içeren kompozit filmleri CaCl2'le çapraz bağlandıktan sonra elde edilen en düşük WVP değeri 1.58 g.mm/m2.gün.kPa olarak belirlenmiştir (kontrol pektin filme göre %54 daha düşük WVP). Buna karşın pektinin %15 gliserol ve %30 karnauba mumu kullanılarak elde edilmiş filmleri çapraz bağlama uygulanmadan 0.16 g.mm/m2.gün.kPa gibi çok düşük bir WVP değeri göstermiştir (kontrol pektin filme göre %95.4 daha düşük WVP). Elde edilen bu sonuç karnauba mumu gibi erime noktası yüksek (e.n.=82-86 oC) mum kullanımının erime noktası düşük (e.n.= 62-66 oC) bal mumu kullanımına göre WVP değerini daha etkili düşürdüğünü göstermiştir. Dolayısıyla antimikrobiyal film üretimi amacıyla karnauba mumu içeren pektin film kompozitleri içerisine %1, 2 veya 3 oranında karvakrol ilave edilmiştir. Elde edilen karvakrol içeren tüm filmler Escherichia coli ve Listeria innocua üzerinde esansiyel yağ konsantrasyonuyla orantılı olarak antimikrobiyal etki göstermiştir. Ancak, filmlerin WVP değerleri de ilave edilen esansiyel yağ konsantrasyonu arttıkça artmıştır. Bu nedenle tezde elde edilmiş olan en düşük WVP (1.47 g.mm/m2.gün.kPa) gösteren antimikrobiyal film %1 oranında karvakrol içeren olmuştur (kontrol pektin filme göre %57 daha düşük WVP). Filmlere karnauba mumu ilavesi ışık geçirgenliklerini azaltırken mekaniki özelliklerini de kısmen zayıflatmaktadır. Bu tez çalışması gıdalarda daha az nem kaybına neden olabilecek antimikrobiyel pektin temelli film üretiminin mümkün olduğunu göstermiştir.
  • Master Thesis
    Functionalization of a Vegan Snack With Antimicrobial Edible Coating
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Harsa, Hayriye Şebnem; Harsa, Hayriye Şebnem; 03.08. Department of Food Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    Pomegranate peel is usually considered as a waste of fruit by many people, but it has quite high content of antioxidant, phenolic and antimicrobial compounds. The objective of this thesis is to observe the effect of edible film in vegan snack bar containing of dried fruits, nut and to functionalize the snack bar with enrichment of protein and antimicrobial content. The edible film was composed of 8% w/v of lentil protein extract, 15% w/w of pomegranate peel depends on protein content, 2% of pectin as a stabilizer and 0.5% of glycerol as a plasticizer. Application of coating was carried out by dipping method. Then, the coated vegan snack bar was dried at 40oC for 16 hours. The coated and uncoated bars were investigated in different conditions as 30% RH at 25 oC and 75% RH at 35 oC for 90 days. Optical properties, texture, total phenolic content, sensory, microbial and water activity analysis were determined to evaluate the impact of edible coating incorporation onto surface of the bar. The results showed that the coated bars have been preserved better than uncoated ones in terms of prevention of color change, microbial and textural properties, phenolic content and moisture loss in both conditions.
  • Master Thesis
    Antimicrobial Properties of Silk Fibroin-Carrageenan Films Incorporating Grape Seed Extract
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2009) Arserim Uçar, Dilhun Keriman; Korel, Figen; Korel, Figen; 03.08. Department of Food Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    In this study antimicrobial edible films were developed by incorporation of grape seed extract into silk fibroin-carrageenan films. Developed films were subjected to instrumental analysis such as scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffractometer, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer for the characterization of the film. The antimicrobial activity of silk fibroin-carrageenan films on different bacteria including Listeria innocua, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus carnasus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella Typhimurium, on raw chicken breast meat and beef sausages were tested. Application of silk fibroin-carrageenan films incorporating grape seed extract and/or Na2EDTA on chicken breast meat and beef sausages demonstrated the efficacy of these films to enhance the microbial quality of the products. Increasing the concentration of grape seed extract in the films increased the antimicrobial activity of the films in food applications. It is found that silk fibroin-carrageenan films incorporating grape seed extract could be used to control the growth of S. aureus on beef sausages during 28 days of storage at 4 C. The use of these films on beef sausages had significant effect on moisture content of the sausages as well as the textural properties of the sausages. This study indicated the potential of using silk fibroin-carrageenan films incorporating grape seed extract to be used as an antimicrobial edible food packaging.
  • Master Thesis
    Development of Lysozy Incorporated Antimicrobial Zein Films and Evaluation of Their Effectson Quality of Cold Stored Burgers
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2008) Uysal, İlke; Korel, Figen; Uysal, İlke; Korel, Figen; 03.08. Department of Food Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    In this study antimicrobial edible food packaging films were obtained by incorporation of hydrophilic partially purified lysozyme into hydrophobic zein films.The antimicrobial enzyme was incorporated into films by homogenization or stirring methods to increase its distribution in the films and to modify the film structure. The soluble and bound lysozyme activities of different zein films, as well as antimicrobial activity of films on different bacteria including Bacillus amyloliqufaciens, Listeria innocua, Eschericia coli, Pseudomanas fluorescens, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus and on cold stored burgers were tested. The lysozyme was combined with disodium EDTA to increase sensitivity of G(-) bacteria to enzymatic action. The films obtained by incorporation of 175 to 700 .g/cm2 lysozyme with stirring or homogenization methods showed good antimicrobial activity on most of the tested bacteria, except S. aureus. In general, due to their higher free soluble lysozyme content, the zein films incorporated with lysozyme by the stirring method gave higher antimicrobial activity on tested bacteria than films obtained by the homogenization method. However, the homogenization method caused better distribution of resulting antimicrobial activity in films than the stirring method. The films incorporated with 700 .g/cm2 lysozyme and 300 .g/cm2 disodium EDTA and prepared by stirring or homogenization method successfully suppressed the total viable counts and total coliform counts of cold stored turkey and beef burgers. The films also effectively reduced the oxidative changes in beef burgers during cold storage, but they showed no beneficial effects on beef color and sensory properties.
  • Master Thesis
    Development of Ph-Controlled Triggering Mechanisms for Controlled Release of Lysozyme
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2011) Boyacı, Derya; Yemenicioğlu, Ahmet; Yemenicioğlu, Ahmet; 03.08. Department of Food Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    In this study, zein and whey protein (WP) based films and their blends and composites have been prepared to obtain pH-controlled triggering mechanisms for controlled release of lysozyme. The total amount of lysozyme released from standard zein films was not considerably affected from changes in pH between 7.3 and 5.3 since this hydrophobic biopolymer lacked charged ionisable groups to bind lysozyme ionically. In contrast, incorporation of lentil protein isolate (LPI) into zein created a composite structure and caused binding of positively charged lysozyme (pI>9.0) on negatively charged groups of LPI (pI: 4.5-6) within the film matrix in release medium with pH between 5.3 and 7.3. The amount of bound lysozyme in zein-LPI composites increased linearly as LPI concentration increased between 1,5 and 4,5 mg/cm2 at pH 7.3. The release of bound enzyme could be triggered by reducing pH of release medium from 7.3 to 4.3, down below pI of LPI. On the other hand, films of WP (pI≈5.2) bind considerable amount of lysozyme due to their inherent net negative charges close to neutrality. The release of bind lysozyme could be trigged as pH of release medium reduced from 6.0 to 3.0, down below the pI of WP. The preparation of WP-oleic acid blend and WP-bees wax composites increased the film porosity and amounts of released lysozyme from films at pH 4.5 and 5.0, by 2-4 and 1.2-1.5 folds, respectively. The zein and WP based films containing 0.7 to 1.4 mg/cm2 lysozyme showed good antimicrobial activity against Listeria innocua. This work showed the potential of creating pH-controlled release systems during antimicrobial packaging of food.