Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/3008

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Department: search.filters.department.Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, Molecular Biology and GeneticsSubject: search.filters.subject.Cancer

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Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Master Thesis
    Determination of Therapeutic Potential of Luteolin for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Gürler, Sevim Beyza; Baran, Yusuf; Baran, Yusuf; 04.03. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by increased level of immature lymphoblasts in bone marrow and peripheral blood. The developments of lymphoblasts are genetically/epigenetically inhibited. One of the most common genetic abnormalities in ALL is BCR/ABL translocation which regulates the several pathways related to proliferation, anti-apoptotic and drug resistance through its aberrant tyrosine kinase activity. Although the current treatment strategies include targeting BCR/ABL via tyrosine kinase inhibitors; complete remission, overall survival and mortality of Ph+ ALL patients are still worse as compared to Ph- ALL patients. Therefore, new strategies combined with current treatments are needed for Ph+ ALL patients who are qualified as high risk group of ALL. Different studies showed thatluteolin has anti-cancer and anti-tumor effects on wide range cancer types including breast, colon, lung cancer except ALL in both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, the dose and time dependent cytotoxic, apoptotic and cytostatic effects of luteolin on Philadelphia chromosome +ALL cells were determined for the first time. Besides, the effect of luteolin on cell growth and proliferation of two different healthy cell lines was shown. Moreover, the effect of luteolin on bioactive sphingolipids genes which regulate the several pathways including cell proliferation, apoptosis, drug resistance and senescence in cell was determined in Ph positive ALL cells for the first time. As a consequence, luteolin has cytotoxic, apoptotic and cytostatic effects on Ph positive ALL cells and bioactive sphingolipids genes are regulated in this therapeutic potential by luteolin.
  • Master Thesis
    Effects of Polyether Antibiotics on Autophagy
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2017) Tosun, Çiğdem; Tosun, Çiğdem; Bedir, Erdal; Tosun, Çiğdem; Bedir, Erdal; 04.03. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; 03.01. Department of Bioengineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    Treatment of cancer is one of the crucial enigma for scientific world and that’s why much effort needs to be put in place for the resolution of this challenge in alternative ways. Autophagy is believed to have an important role in tumor development and progression. The natural polyether antibiotics might be important chemotherapeutic agents to cure cancer by modulating autophagy. The primary goal of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects and autophagic mechanism of actions of three polyether antibiotics, one of which was a new secondary metabolite isolated from the marine Streptomyces cacaoi. The effects of these polyether antibiotics were investigated along with previously known autophagy modulators from the same group (Monensin). To achieve this goal, cytotoxicities of these polyether type compounds on three different type of cancer cell lines along with two healthy cell lines were investigated followed by a search to reveal the effects of these compounds on autophagy in cancer cell lines. Methodology of this study consists of mammalian cell culturing, cytotoxicity screening, staining and quantification of acidic compartments inside the cells and studying different autophagy markers along with other associated proteins under various conditions by using Western blotting. This study revealed that the tested polyether antibiotics were autophagy inhibitors as well as inducers of apoptosis in cervical, colorectal and prostate cancer cells. The obtained results will be of significance for the field of anticancer drugdevelopment; however, before one places these secondary metabolites as potential drug candidates, further studies including in vivo experiments are warranted.
  • Master Thesis
    Synergistic Apoptotic Effects of Bortezomib and Methylstat Inhibitor on Different Multiple Myeloma Cell Lines
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2015) Kacı, Fatma Necmiye; Baran, Yusuf; Baran, Yusuf; Saydam, Güray; 04.03. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    Multiple myeloma is one of the common hematological malignancies that affects plasma cells. Bortezomib, proteasome inhibitor, is an anticancer agent used for the treatment of multiple myeloma while methylstat is a demethylase inhibitor having anticancer potential. In this study, we investigated antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of methylstat alone or in combination with bortezomib. We also examined the genes involved in methylstat induced apoptosis. Cytotoxic effects of bortezomib and methylstat on U266 and ARH77 cells were demonstrated by MTT cell proliferation assay. To understand the apoptotic effects of these agents, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential was investigated by JC-1 method while phosphatidylserine localization was investigated by Annexin V assay. Cell cycle analysis in response to Bortezomib and Methylstat alone or in their combination were measured by flow cytometry. Changes in expression profiles of 84 genes underlying apoptosis, cell cycle control, DNA damage repair, and invasion and metastasis in response to Methylstat were determined by PCR Array. Our results demonstrated that both bortezomib and methylstat have antiproliferative and aoptotic effects in a time and dose dependent manner. Combination of bortezomib and methylstat induced apoptosis significantly as compared to any agent alone. In conclusion, we suggest methylstat as candidate agent for the treatment of MM after in vivo analyses.
  • Master Thesis
    Deciphering 5-Fluorouracil Mediated Molecular Mechanisms Required for Cell Death
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2011) Can, Geylani; Baran, Yusuf; Baran, Yusuf; 04.03. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology
    The chemotherapy agent 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an antimetabolite that has been in use to treat several cancers for decades. In cells, it is converted into three distinct fluoro-based nucleotide analogues which interfere with DNA-synthesis and repair leading to impairment of the genome and, eventually apoptotic cell death. Current knowledge also state that 5-FU induced damage is signaling through a p53-dependent induction of death inducing complex (DISC) formation and further caspase-8 activation in certain cell types and members of the TNF-receptor family has been proposes to be required for the process. Here, we introduce calcium (Ca2+) as a messenger for p53 activation in the cellular response triggered by 5-FU. Using a combination of pharmacological and genetic approaches, we show that treatment of cultured colon carcinoma cells stimulates entry of extracellular Ca2+ through L-type plasma membrane channels and that this event direct posttranslational phosphorylation of at least two specific p53 serine residues (ser15 and ser33) by means of Calmodulin (CaM) activity. Obstructing this pathway by the Ca2+-chelator BAPTA or by two different inhibitors of CaM efficiently blocks 5-FU-induced cell death. The fact that a widely used therapeutic drug, such as 5-FU, is signaling by these means could provide new therapeutic intervention points, or specify new combinatorial treatment regimes.