Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/3008
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Master Thesis Determination of Flood Risk Areas and Development of Mitigation Strategies in Kabul River Basin, Afghanistan(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Barez, Esmayel; Tayfur, Gökmen; Tayfur, Gökmen; 03.03. Department of Civil Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyFlooding is a devastating and natural catastrophe to population, environment, and socioeconomic development globally. Floods occur frequently in Afghanistan, especially in Kabul River Basin. Many geographical techniques have been established in recent years to map, predict and model flood risks. This research investigates identification of flood-prone zones and development of mitigation measures in Kabul River Basin. First, in this research, GIS and MCDA methodology was applied to generate flood risk map. Also, AHP method was applied to determine the best weights to be assigned to the factors that influence risk of flooding. A flood risk map of KRB was produced using 10 conditioning criteria; soil, rainfall, lithology, LULC, TWI, NDVI, distance to stream channels, curvature, elevation, and slope. Based on the weighted overlay integration of GIS-AHP technique, KRB was grouped into four flood vulnerability zones; very low, low, high, and very high. Generated flood risk map indicates a good match with the flood risk areas and location of past floods in the basin over recent years. Second, 2D HEC-RAS model and flood frequency analysis were developed for different scenarios to simulate the flow of river and to develope mitigation measures with a 500- year return period in the main river of Kunar and the lower Kabul sub-basin. Manning's n values were used to calibrate HEC-RAS model, and past flood events applied for validation. Flood mitigation strategies, including river restoration, construction of dam, and reservoir improvement were proposed on the Kunar and lower Kabul sub-basin. Keywords: Flood Inundation Map, Hydraulic Modelling, ArcGIS-MCDA.Master Thesis Determination of Flood Risk Areas and Mitigation Strategies: a Case Study of the Menemen Plain, Izmir(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Günseli, İsmail Gökhan; Demirkesen, Ali Can; Demirkesen, Ali Can; 02.03. Department of City and Regional Planning; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyAccording to literature, natural disasters are increasing worldwide. Among them, flood is the most common and has the most impacts. Because of global warming and climate-patterns changing, frequency of floods has increased significantly. Also, the greatest impact among the human-oriented reasons are urbanization and industrialization. With the spread of urbanization, population in cities around the world has increased rapidly; natural areas have been destroyed, cities have been expanded. These changes have increased fragility in cities. Therefore, objective of the study was to determine flood risk areas and minimize negative impacts of floods. Accordingly, the study area; the Menemen Plain and its surroundings were found worthwhile to examine due to its topographic, climatic and hydrological structure. In this study, weighted-overlay analysis method was used in ArcGIS to determine flood risk areas employing six criteria. Therefore, six criteria that have an impact on flooding were identified as; (1) slope, (2) elevation, (3) distance from rivers, (4) distance from junction-points of river, (5) land use/cover, and (6) rainfall. The weights of criteria were assigned by land and literature investigation. According to the study, the highest risky flood locations with more population were seen as Emiralem, Kesik, Buruncuk and Çavuşköy settlements. On the other hand, medium flood risk settlements with more population were found as Seyrek, Yahşelli, Sasalı and Yenibağarası. Consequently, resilience and mitigation strategies were identified. It was stated that flood risk management should be managed in a participatory manner with a holistic approach and public-private-individual partnership with structural, non-structural measures.