Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/3008
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Master Thesis Investigation of the Indoor Microclimate of Historic Agios Voukolos (aziz Vukolos) Church in İzmir To Determine and Imporve Thermal Comfort Conditions(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) İpekoğlu, Başak; İpekoğlu, Başak; 02.01. Department of Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyThe conservation of the historical building by improving the thermal comfort conditions contributes to the reuse of the buildings. Besides thermal improvement, the authentic values of the historical building should be taken into consideration. The aim of this thesis is to examine the effects of indoor microclimate characteristics of historic Agios Voukolos Church on the occupants and the wall paintings of the building, and to bring improvement suggestions that consider the values of the historical church by evaluating the thermal comfort conditions. The method of the study consists of on-site examination, on-site measurements of microclimate parameters, calculations and surveys. Air temperature, relative humidity, air velocity and mean radiant temperature measurements were conducted. In order to determine thermal comfort level, Predicted Mean Vote (PMV)–Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) method developed by Fanger (1967, 1970) was used and survey studies were carried out during activities in winter. The threshold values specified in the ISO 7730:2005 and EN 16798-1:2019 standards were taken into account. According to the calculations, it was understood that the occupants felt warm in July and August, and cold in November through March. Survey study conducted in winter also confirmed that occupants are not satisfied with thermal comfort conditions. Additionally, respective UNI 10829:1999 standard and the decree published by the Italian Ministry of Culture in 2001 were used to determine the effect of indoor microclimate on wall paintings and ornaments. As a result, secondary glazing system, nighttime ventilation and radiant heaters were suggested for thermal improvement.Master Thesis Evaluating the Conservation Problems of Tells in Şanlıurfa(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Aynas, Delal; Kul, Fatma Nurşen; Kul, Fatma Nurşen; 02.01. Department of Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyTells are special archaeological mound forms that provide an understanding of the history of settlement and the reciprocal interaction between humans and nature through the remains of settlements re-built in the same place. Since the tells represent the cultures of life and settlements of different periods, they should be conserved as a part of cultural heritage. However, studies in which the tells are defined as cultural heritage to be conserved are limited. Instead, these areas are considered as places to be excavated for obtaining information. The aim of this study is to understand the conservation problems of the tells through the tells in Şanlıurfa and to present conservation principles for these areas. The method of the study consists of literature review, archive survey for the tells in Şanlıurfa, and on-site examination of the selected tells via site survey. In this respect, the general characteristics, conservation problems, and potentials and values of Ayanlar Tell, Fıstıklı Tell, Gözeler Tell, Harran Tell, Kurban Tell, Sultantepe Tell, Yaylak Tell, Yeni Mahalle Tell and Zeytinli Bahçe Tell in Şanlıurfa are evaluated. The conservation problems and potentials of tells are different from each other depending on their intrinsic characteristics. As a result, general conservation approaches and principles are proposed in the light of defined and evaluated conservation problems and with the help of analyzing successfuly preserved examples. It is concluded a comprehensive and holistic perspective should be established in the conservation of the tells, considering all historical layers, as well as the present-day traditional settlement layer.Master Thesis Lime Mortar and Plaster Characteristics of Some Byzantine Period Buildungs in Kadıkalesi (anaia) and Ayasuluk Hill(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Uğurlu Sağın, Elif; Uğurlu Sağın, Elif; 02.01. Department of Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyIn this study, characteristics of lime mortars and plasters from Kadıkalesi and Ayasuluk were evaluated by considering the sites, construction periods, function, contained aggregate types. Results compared with Byzantine lime mortar studies. For this purpose, basic physical properties, raw material compositions, geological features, mineralogical and chemical compositions, hydraulic and microstructural properties were determined by RILEM standard test methods, SEM-EDS, XRD and TGA. Also, possible raw material provenances used in the production of mortars and plasters were determined. According to results, pure lime and pozzolanic aggregates were used in the production of these mortars and plasters. Lime/aggregate ratios may have differed as a result of the geological origins of aggregates and raw material resources. The mortars and plasters had hydraulic properties due to the pozzolanic aggregates. Natural aggregates consisted of different types of rocks with angular forms were obtained from breccia sources found in the Menderes Massif units. The differences in mineralogical and chemical compositions revealed that different raw material sources were used in Kadıkalesi and Ayasuluk. Natural aggregates of Kadıkalesi mortars may have been obtained from the mountain slopes of Büyük Menderes containing mostly carbonate rock fragments, while those Ayasuluk's may have been obtained from the mountain slopes of Küçük Menderes containing a high percentage of volcanic particles. Brick aggregates were produced at firing temperatures between 800−900°C using clay with low Ca content. In both sites, the physical properties, chemical, mineralogical compositions and hydraulic properties of lime mortars and plasters did not change significantly according to different construction periods and location of use in the building. The differences determined in their chemical and mineralogical compositions resulted from the type of aggregates used and the diversity of raw material sources. The use of mortars and plasters with similar properties in different periods revealed that the production technology had been transferred and maintained over the centuries, also suitable sources had been consciously chosen to produce hydraulic lime mortars and plasters.Master Thesis The Effect of Restoration Interventions on the Indoor Climate of Historic Buildings: Case Study of Tire Necip Paşa Library, İzmir, Turkey(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Gökçen Akkurt, Gülden; Durmuş Arsan, Zeynep; Durmuş Arsan, Zeynep; Gökçen Akkurt, Gülden; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 03.06. Department of Energy Systems Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology; 02. Faculty of ArchitectureLibraries are collections of recorded information which can host cultural heritage values that must be protected against mechanical, chemical and biological degradation. To prevent degradations, libraries require stable indoor climates with minimal temperature and relative humidity fluctuations and low concentrations of indoor air pollutants. Aim of the thesis is to investigate if installing a HVAC system is effective in improving the indoor climate of a historic library as a long-term preventive conservation method on the preservation of paper-based collections. Tire Necip Paşa Library in İzmir was selected as the case building which underwent restoration and a HVAC system integration in 2015. Library’s indoor climate was investigated before 2015 which allowed the comparison of pre- and post-restoration periods. Within the scope of this thesis, library was monitored at five locations between 2019-2021. 2019-2020 monitoring results were compared to pre-restoration monitoring results in terms of degradation risks and ASHRAE Chapter 23 control classes. Pre- and post-restoration indoor climates satisfied A1 and AA control classes, respectively. While there were mechanical and chemical degradation risks before restoration, no risk was observed post-restoration. There was no biological degradation risk during either periods. Additionally air pollutants were sampled during summer and winter of 2020-2021 which showed high SO2 and NO2 concentrations. Lastly the BES model of library was prepared and calibrated to investigate if existing HVAC system will continue to provide a stable indoor climate on future. The results of 2050 and 2080 simulations showed that HVAC system will struggle to provide a stable indoor climate.Master Thesis Evaluation of Window Design and Daylight Performance of Main Room in Kula Houses(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2020) Battal, Cansu; İpekoğlu, Başak; Kazanasmaz, Zehra Tuğçe; İpekoğlu, Başak; Kazanasmaz, Tuğçe; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02.01. Department of Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyWhen developing restoration decisions for conservation of historic houses, determination of daylight performance of the spaces is important for new usage proposals. Among the rooms located around sofa in Anatolian historical houses, main room is the most spectacular space. It should have sufficient and homogeneously distributed daylight in restored houses. This study aims to examine daylight performance of main room and preserve original lighting features in restoration and re-functioning decisions. For this purpose, Kaçıklar, Zabunlar, Kestaneciler and Zühtü Bey Houses, were selected as examples for the research. Daylight performance measurements were taken in main rooms in all seasons, in the morning, at noon, in late afternoon using an illuminance meter. As a result of the study, it was determined that illumination was not sufficient for all seasons in unrestored Kaçıklar House, sufficient for all seasons in unrestored Zabunlar House, in restored Kestaneciler House, also sufficient in restored Zühtü Bey House in autumn whereas insufficient in other seasons. In Kaçıklar House, opening the window that was closed, cleaning the paint on top windows, selecting a light-coloured wall finish material will positively affect lighting values. In restored Zühtü Bey House, the window, converted into a built-in cupboard, and the closed top window to be restored to original state and cleaning of improper paint on the top windows on the south wall will affect the lighting level positively. This study is important in terms of determining specific daylight illumination properties of historical houses and underlines the improvement of repair and conservation decisions.Master Thesis Conservation Proposals for Historic Mithatpaşa Military Hospital Izmir(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Hayretdağ, Hülya; İpekoğlu, Başak; İpekoğlu, Başak; 02.01. Department of Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyModernization movements have led to significant changes particularly in the military field as well as administrative, educational and health fields in the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century. The first studies in the modernization process became effective in the formation of military architecture by changing the military organization and army order. In the 19th century, military structures such as barracks, hospitals and schools were built to meet the needs of the new regular army. Therefore, essential changes in the field of health during the modernization process were first applied in the military field. Historic Mithatpaşa Military Hospital is a rare example of the Neoclassical architectural features of the Ottoman military health buildings constructed outside of İstanbul during the modernization process. It was built on Mithatpaşa Street in 1891 as Hamidiye Military Hospital to meet the health services of Asakir-i Mansure Barracks, known as Sarı Kışla, which was built during the modernization process in İzmir. The building, which continued to serve health service until moving to its new location on İnönü Street in 1971, was used for various military services until 1988. Then, it was used as a warehouse for many years and lack of maintenance caused the building to be dilapidated. The building, which was transferred to İzmir Katip Çelebi University in 2012 and a restoration project was prepared, is currently under construction. The historic building has preserved most of its original planning features with large patient wards and its Neoclassical facade features. The most significant issues identified in the structure are the unqualified additions made over time and the removal of the original elements. The aim of this study is examining the architectural features of the building, determining the values and developing the conservation proposals. The method of the study is field study, archive and literature research. Within the scope of the study, it was proposed to use the building, which was built as a hospital and is currently used by university, as a Medical Simulation Center, after the restoration process. The proposed function will contribute to the preservation of the historic Mithatpaşa Military Hospital as a cultural heritage.Master Thesis Archiving of the Conservation Data of Immovable Cultural Assets Dating To 1300-1600 in Urla Center Using Gis(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Yönder, Veli Mustafa; Yönder, Veli Mustafa; Hamamcıoğlu Turan, Mine; Demirkesen, Ali Can; Turan, Mine; Demirkesen, Ali Can; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02.03. Department of City and Regional Planning; 02.01. Department of Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyThis study aims to create a digital archiving system of immovable cultural assets belonging to the early Turkish time frame in Urla historic center. Forming a database with the assistance of the Geographic Information System (GIS) to comprehend and assess the life stories of monuments and to access various user profiles is also considered. In the methodology section; academic articles, books, journals, personal archives, data acquired from state institutions or architectural offices, and the data obtained during fieldwork (physical status and interviews with users) were processed in a GIS platform. Academic reviews and researches of the buildings were conducted. In the decision-making process, which is a sophisticated and multidimensional process, the share of conservation data and data management in the whole process becomes progressively significant. Documentation and registration of architectural immovable cultural assets, which is one of the important figures in the urban context, are conducted under the supervision of the Regional Directorate of Pious Foundations or the Conservation Board. Therefore, extracting a large number of mass data produced each year and making the required classifications make assist decision-making processes. In the discussion and results part, analysis and comparative study of all conservation data of the cultural assets were performed. The results for constructing the database are understanding the scope, accessibility, developers, scale, and data types. In the results for the conservation data archived: are understanding historical background, physical characteristics, conservation activities, and interpreting conservation decisions about buildings.Master Thesis Structural Model Besed Root Cause Investigation of Damage in Urla Helvacılar Mosque and a Proposal for Strengthening(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Narin Güzel, Ceren; Aktaş, Engin; Kul Özdemir, Fatma Nurşen; Aktaş, Engin; 03.03. Department of Civil Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyThe period when small independent beyliks (principalities) were founded in Anatolia in the 13th century is called the principalities period. The process of creating a new architectural style in Western Anatolia, as well as the works-built marks an important milestone in this period, which is defined as a transition period between the Seljuk architecture and the Ottoman architecture. The Aydın Dynasty, one of the important principalities of western Anatolia, had its capital at Birgi from 1308 to 1426. The dynasty is known for with its economic and political power and the important works it left behind. Helvacılar Mosque is one of the important works of the Aydın Dynasty, which was built in the 15th century and survives today. It is also an outstanding example to understand the single-domed mosque typology in western Anatolia. Helvacılar Mosque, located in the Kuşcular Neighborhood of the Urla District, is today derelict and abandoned. Heavy structural damage in the structure poses a grave risk for the structure to survive. This study compared and discovered the similarities and differences between Helvacılar Mosque and the similar-period structures situated in Urla and identified the architectural and structural characteristics of the structure with the aid of measured drawing projects. This study used a combination of architectural restoration and structural engineering. For Helvacılar Mosque, the study carried out the self-weight analysis, modal analysis, settlement analysis, response spectrum analysis, time history analysis using three real earthquake records in a finite element model. The aim of engineering research is to identify the present causes of damages in the structure. With the help of finite element analysis, the study put forward the essential repair and strengthening methods for Helvacılar Mosque to repair the damages observed in the structure, strengthen the structure, and obviate the causes of the damages based on the intervention methods offered in the guideline titled Earthquake Risk Management of Historical Structures issued by the General Directorate of Foundations.Master Thesis Preservation of Cultural Routes: Historic Center of Manisa(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Keke, Damla Gül Begüm; Akpınar, Figen; Hamamcıoğlu Turan, Mine; Turan, Mine; Akpınar, Figen; 02.03. Department of City and Regional Planning; 02.01. Department of Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyCultural routes help perceiving the heritage elements in a historic urban site as a whole and transform their display into an enjoyable experience. Manisa historic center is chosen as the study area. The site has housed many civilizations throughout history and had been an important trade center on the historic silk road, but it has lost its integrity with the fire of 1922 followed by modern urbanization on the historic site. It is aimed to search the ways of presenting the isolated cultural and natural assets of the historic center through establishment of a cultural route. The way followed includes literature review, site survey, analysis, evaluation, proposal development and discussion. Features of examples and Manisa cultural route, such as route type, length, form and assets, discussed by comparison. As a result, a common vision for the cultural route of Manisa center with four different sub-themes is determined as “On the Trail of the Silk Road, the Cultural Network of Manisa.” The cultural route will revive the spirit of the caravan route, the experiences of the old travelers, and the traditional way of life. Linear formed, short length stages are suggested. Awareness of heritage protection can be improved by increasing the visibility of the assets along the route stages. It is expected that tourism activity in the region will increase. Proposing local-scale cultural routes in Manisa will pave the way for Manisa to participate in larger cultural route networks by conducting regional-scale route studies.Master Thesis Transfer of Development Rights for the Effectiveness of the Conservation Plans: a Case From Historic Kemeraltı 1st Ring Residential Areas in Izmir(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Güzle, Gamze; Duvarcı, Yavuz; Akpınar, Figen; Akpınar, Figen; Duvarcı, Yavuz; 02.03. Department of City and Regional Planning; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyThe efforts for conservation of cultural heritage in historical settlements are highly problematic issue in Turkey. One of the main reasons for this is highly associated with the limited fiscal compensation provided by the central ministries and local bodies for those people who live and/or possess immobile property under restrictions of their development rights. For this reason, it is indispensable to introduce new tools for the effectiveness of the conservation activities of the heritage areas. On the other hand, with the enactment of the regulations Transfer of Development Rights (Law no: 5226/2004) is entered Turkish Planning System as a new and innovative solutions. However, there has been any available application of the TDR and implementing regulation yet. The main objective of the thesis is to discuss the applicability of the TDR as an instrument for the ease of the conservation procedure in the 1st Ring Residential Area which is located in Izmir’s Historic core areas, Kemeraltı region. In methodology, a bundle of techniques such as survey analysis and depth questionnaires are used. We made a comparative study based on a typical "what-if case" that if the case study area were not really under the status of conservation then how it would be developed in accord with the Development Plan’s right. Assumption that "If the Agora-Kemeraltı region were not really under the conservation status, it would be similar to the Alsancak-Çankaya region which is 500 meters away." the comparison of the housing market value between the two areas realized the restricted development right by the conservation plan.The Ministry of Culture and Tourism grants only accounts for 48% of the total maintenance and restoration cost. Due to financial deficiencies, it is not feasible to preserve the region with current planning tools. Even though, the preservation of Historic Kemeraltı seems to be a difficult challenge, there seems to be some positive clues for the future with the application of the TDR.