Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/3008
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Master Thesis Assessment of Groundwater Potential Using Geographic Information System Based Multi Criteria Decision Analysis Methods: Case Study of Panj Amu River Basin, Afghanistan(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2024) Abhar, Mohammad Tarıq; Demirkesen, Ali Can; Baba, AlperAfghanistan, where water is the most important resource for energy production and the economy. The country still struggles with access to clean drinking water, and its main supply of drinking water comes from groundwater. Unfortunately, not much is known about the country's groundwater system. The assessment of groundwater potential and groundwater stability is crucial for sustainable water management, agricultural development, urban and rural water supply, and disaster mitigation. It supports environmental protection, economic development, public health, and conflict prevention by ensuring reliable and sustainable access to groundwater resources. In regions such as the Panj Amu River Basin, this identification is particularly important due to the high dependence on groundwater. Therefore, the thesis focuses on water budget, groundwater potential, availability, and the impact of various parameters on groundwater recharge of the PARB using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Frequency Ratio (FR) and Evidential Belief Function (EBF) methods. Ten thematic layers including precipitation, geology, lineament density, drainage density, soil texture, land use and land cover, topographic wetness index, curvature, normalized difference vegetation index and slope gradient were used as influencing factors along with groundwater static level data, runoff and evapotranspiration for this research work. All geographic datasets were analyzed using the ArcMap environment and the required spatial data were obtained from various approved relevant online sources. The water balance analysis for the Panj Amu River Basin indicates that 1.887 billion cubic meters' infiltrates into the groundwater system annually. The total annual groundwater consumption by humans, livestock and agricultural activities amounts to 808.19 million cubic meters. Consequently, the annual net groundwater budget in the basin is 1.078 billion cubic meters, suggesting that the groundwater system in the PARB is currently sustainable. All three methods indicate high groundwater potential in sparsely v populated mountainous regions with high rainfall and permeable geology and soil conditions. The key regions include the northeast of Takhar, the east and southeast of Baghlan and the northwest and east (some parts of the Wakhan corridor) of Badakhshan have high groundwater potential. In general, the Panj Amu River Basin has moderate groundwater potential. Area Under the Curve (AUC) and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis were used to validate the study. The results show that the EBF methods has the highest efficiency with an AUC of 92.6%, followed by the FR method with 91.5% and the AHP model with 80.2%.Master Thesis Simulation of Water Resources of Tahtalı-Seferihisar Sub-Basin Based on Weap Model(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2021) Karahan, Sait Mutlu; Elçi, ŞebnemWater is a vital resource for humanity and nature, and the lack of water affects life in all areas. Today, problems such as the inability to protect the status of existing water resources and excessive water withdrawal cause the amount of water to decrease day by day. In addition, conditions such as urbanization and industrialization and the resulting population increase, deterioration of water quality due to chemicals used in agricultural activities, and climate change affect the availability of water resources negatively. In this study, a basin-based water management study was carried out by applying the "Integrated Water Resources Management" approach to the Tahtalı-Seferihisar Sub-Basin located in Turkey, where it is expected to experience water stress in the future. The hydrological (precipitation, flow, evaporation) data of the water resources that are important for the basin and İzmir (Tahtalı, Seferihisar, Ürkmez, and Kavakdere Dams) were used to predict the availability of water resources in the future using the WEAP (Water Evaluation and Planning System) program, and several possible scenarios for water demands/supplies were analyzed. Under these situations, the water budget balances expected to occur 2050 have been estimated. Basically, seven different scenarios were created to transfer possible future possibilities to the program: Reference Scenario, Best Case Scenario, Worst Case Scenario, Report Consumption Scenario, Return Flow Scenario, Population Projection Scenario and Various Forecast Scenario. The water balances that can be obtained under different conditions in each scenario were calculated and compared with each other.