Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/3008
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Master Thesis Citation - Scopus: 21Multi-Objective Evolutionary Optimization of Photovoltaic Glass for Thermal, Daylight, and Energy Consideration(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Kazanasmaz, Zehra Tuğçe; Kazanasmaz, Zehra Tuğçe; Kundakcı Koyunbaba, Başak; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyAs the industry has expanded and the population has increased recently, so have the World's energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Buildings are responsible for almost 40% of this consumption and emissions. They should be designed following energy-efficient and sustainable strategies. One of the most practical methods for increasing building energy efficiency and reducing environmental effects is building-integrated photovoltaic systems, which use solar energy to generate electricity on-site. This thesis explores the potential of photovoltaic glass technology in an architecture studio at the Izmir Institute of Technology Campus in Izmir, Turkey. The initial part of the study uses simulation modeling and field measurements in three scenarios to test the benefits of this technology in terms of thermal and lighting energy consumption and comfort levels. Scenarios included amorphous silicon thin-film modules in three transmittance values modeled in existing windows. Research findings propose that photovoltaic glasses have the potential to balance the room's lighting loads in a range between 15.1-and 20.3%. They improved occupant thermal and visual comfort by preventing overheating and glare risks. They also decreased cooling loads. Then, the study uses a genetic optimization algorithm to explore the optimum potential of the system in terms of annual energy consumption and daylight performance. Design variables are the window-to-wall ratio (i.e., window size and location) and amorphous-silicon thin-film solar cell transmittance to generate optimum Pareto-front solutions for the case building. Optimization objectives are minimizing annual thermal (i.e., heating and cooling) loads and maximizing Spatial Daylight Autonomy. Optimized results of Low-E semi-transparent amorphous-silicon photovoltaic modules applied on the window surface show that the Spatial Daylight Autonomy is increased to 82% with reduced glare risk and higher visual comfort for the occupants. Photovoltaic modules helped reduce the room's seasonal and annual lighting loads by up to 26.7%. Compared to non-optimized photovoltaic glass, they provide 23.2% more annual electrical energy.Master Thesis Desing Strategies for Solar Car Parks: a Case Study for Iztech Library Parking Lot(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2020) Bursa, Enes; Sarı, Emre; Sarı, Emre; 04.04. Department of Photonics; 04. Faculty of Science; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyThe world’s need for renewable resources is growing as a result of the global climate crisis. In order to overcome this issue. The Paris Agreement was signed by the nations as a step for solution to this issue. In it, targets for future were set, and the nations pledged to meet these targets. Nowadays investments in energy production from renewable sources are increasing. When compared to 2019, the amount of energy produced from renewable sources grew by 12.5% in 2020. Photovoltaic systems are receiving more investment as a result of their growing efficiency. In 2020, photovoltaic system production climbed by 20.5 percent. Turkey is increasing their investment in photovoltaic systems. It is crucial for universities to be pioneers in energy production from renewable sources. The studies carried out by universities should be taken into account in terms of both increasing knowledge in this area and having people resource who are trained in it. In this study, the open parking area of the library building of the Izmir Institute of Technology were covered with a roof in order to simulate and analyze the installation of photovoltaic solar panels on the roof. These simulations and calculations were done using software called Enact Systems. PVWatts is utilized by Enact system for climate and photovoltaic calculations infrastructure. 560 panels have been installed on the 835 m2 covered parking lot. The installed power of the panels is 224 kW, and they can generate about 302 gWh of electricity annually. This amount is equal to 51% of library consumption. With this production, the amortization period of the investment is calculated as 8 years.Master Thesis Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems for Fuel Stations: a Complete Techno-Economic Analysis(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Ebil, Özgenç; Dindaroğlu, Burak; Ebil, Özgenç; Dindaroğlu, Burak; 01.01. Units Affiliated to the Rectorate; 03.02. Department of Chemical Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology; 03. Faculty of EngineeringThe purpose of this study, beyond being an engineering practice, is an attempt to overcome a bottleneck that has not been overcome so far with scientific methods and to use the power of science for the benefit of the environment, the public, fuel distribution companies, petrol stations and almost every part of the society. Due to rapid changes in in terms of technology, efficiency, environmental sensitivity, consumer preferences, cost structure and legal base, this study is investigating and making suggestions for oil station companies regarding on-grid photovoltaic applications. Successful management of the process depends on effective calculation including, system requirements considering local solar radiation and financials from many aspects. Considering that, many fuel station owners cannot effectively approach the technical, bureaucratic, and financial aspects of photovoltaic applications and that academic studies that will guide the interested parties in a package form are not sufficient, the importance of this study will be more clearly demonstrated. Information obtained through the literature review, applying the engineering economics models and also with a widespread field study including petrol stations, solar material supply and installation companies, health and safety company and bank. It has been tried to set a user’s manual for concerned parties both in, academia, oil & solar sector and financial system in Turkey.Master Thesis Hydrogen Production From Water Using Solar Cells Powered Nafion Membrane Electrolyzers(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2007) Aksakal, Ziya Can; Şeker, Erol; Şeker, Erol; 03.02. Department of Chemical Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyThe aims of this thesis are two folds; to construct single and multi cell proton exchange membrane electrolyzers and to evaluate the performance of these electrolyzers powered by solar panels on Iztech campus. All other parts, except the purchased membrane electrode assemblies, were designed, manufactured and assembled in our labs.In the construction of single and multiple cell proton exchange membrane electrolyzers, Nafion-117 based membrane electrode assemblies were used. Graphite bipolar plates, end plates, current collectors and gaskets were machined on institute.s computer numerical controlled lathe. In the first stage, a single cell electrolyzer with 20cm2 available electrolysis surface areas was examined with a direct current power supply by varying current density (0-500mAmp/cm2), water flow rate (0.05 to 0.5g/cm2min), and temperature (30-50oC). It was found that average cell voltage decreases from 2.18V at 30oC to 1.97V at 50oC when the current density is 500mAmp/cm2. Since cell gaskets were softened and stick to the membrane above 50oC of operating temperature, temperatures higher than 50 oC could not be tested. Five cell electrolyzer stack was constructed according to the final single cell design. It was observed that the stack could generate 388ml/min hydrogen under 500mAmp/cm2 and 10.09V of the operating condition at 41.5oC. When the stack was directly coupled with a solar array, voltage of the stack was found to vary from 7.5V to 12.5V and the current density changes from 0 to 1000mAmp/cm2 with respect to the solar radiance of the day. This results in a voltage efficiency ranging from 98.7% to 60% based on the higher heating value of hydrogen. Electrolyzer powered by solar cells can generate up to 750ml/min hydrogen and total daily production could be as high as 350L per day but weather condition greatly affects the production rate. Together with the losses inside the electrolyzer, another important energy loss is due to voltage mismatches between PV array and electrolyzer in low solar irradiance during sunrise and sunset.Master Thesis Photovoltaic Charge Station on Garage Roofs With Passive Reflectors(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2000) Çantay, Aylin; Atagündüz, Gürbüz; Atagündüz, Gürbüz; 03.10. Department of Mechanical Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyThis study involves a photovoltaic charge station which could be placed on garage roofs in order to charge the battery of an electrical car. The aim of this thesis is to design an efficient photo voltaic charge station and construction of omega type solar charge station. That's why various models were designed and calculated amount of energy. A photovoltaic charge station has 16 photovoltaic modules with dimensions 1293 mm*329 mm*34 mm. In this study five different type of solar charge stations were compared. These are, omega type solar charge station ( first type ), south facing type solar charge station with different angles ( second type ), south facing type solar charge station with fixed angles ( third type ), inverse of omega type solar charge station ( fourth type ), optimisation of south facing type solar charge station with different angles ( fifth type ). After calculating of collected solar energy, the fifth type solar charge station was chosen as the most efficient solar charge station. After these theoretical calculations, omega type solar charge station has been installed on the Electrical Engineering Department's roof. Voltages and current intensitiesof omega type solar charge station were measured from 28 June 2000 to 15 October 2000 in order to determine the solar power obtained and to compare it with the calculated values and measured data by Solar Energy Institute of Aegean University and meteorological station in Glizelyah. The results obtained are satisfactory.Master Thesis Experiment Station To Observe the Solar Charge Station Behaviour for a Year Period(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2003) Tatar, Farah; Atagündüz, Gürbüz; Atagündüz, Gürbüz; 03.10. Department of Mechanical Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyThe main purpose of this project is to set-up an experiment station, which will investigate the behavior of a portable "Solar Charge Station" that charges electric or hybrid vehicles, which work at the city centers.The solar charge station is constructed on Classrooms Building in Engineering Faculty of Izmir Institute of Technology. Sixteen monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic modules having the dimensions of 1.293mx 0.329mx 0.034m and 55W power rating are used as the photovoltaic generator of the solar charge station. Modules are mounted as if they create an .Omega Shape. which gives its name to the station (Omega Type Solar Charge Station). Vertical and tilted reflectors are used to enhance the electricity generation. Generated electricity is used to charge a lead acid battery, which is protected by five solar charge regulators in order to prevent discharging and overcharging. 50 W halogen lamps working with direct current are chosen as the loads. The system is analyzed both theoretically and experimentally. Theoretical results have shown that Omega Type Solar Charge Station generates more or less steady electricity, approximately 240 MJ through a year period. The reflectors operate better in winter than in summer, theoretically. According to the stations shape, it uses less space on rooftops. Experiments have shown that efficiency of the charge station during summer is considerably high. The efficiencies calculated by using direct solar radiation on inclined surface is 31.65315%, for the experiment on 21.08.2003, 27.90379% for the experiment carried out without reflectors on 11.09.2003 and 35.70939% for the experiment carried out with optimum inclination angles for September, on 12.09.2003.Omega shape of the station and the reflectors increase the efficiency more or less 3% in Omega shape of the station and the reflectors increase the efficiency more or less 3% in cost of the station if the energy gain is considered.