Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/3008

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Author: search.filters.author.Frary, AnneSubject: search.filters.subject.Eggplant

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Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Master Thesis
    Genetic Modifications of Chlorogenic Acid Content in Eggplant (solanum Melongena L.) by Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation Technique
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Tanyolu, Tanya Nil; Frary, Anne
    Eggplant is a nutritious vegetable that is low in lipids and high in fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Eggplant is a good source of phenolic compounds, particularly chlorogenic acid (CGA), which is associated with several health benefits, such as reducing the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Among CGA-rich fruits, eggplant has a geographically wide distribution while coffee is limited to tropical regions. For that reason, eggplant can be used as alternative to coffee for CGA production. The goal of this research was to develop transgenic eggplant that has increased CGA content using the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation technique. The over-expression of the Myb1 gene, which is related to CGA synthesis and responsible for the production of a transcription factor that activates the phenylpropanoid pathway in eggplant, was used. The Myb1 gene was isolated, amplified, and inserted into the PRI910 vector system before being transformed into Agrobacterium tumefaciens. After plant transformation, seven regenerated plants were verified as transgenic by PCR analysis. Young leaves from transgenic eggplants were used for mRNA expression analysis and metabolite analyses. A two-fold increase in Myb1 gene expression levels for three of the transformed plants was observed and five plants showed a significant increase in 3-CGA content. Expression of Myb1 correlated with CGA content measured by HPLC analysis. Specifically, the two-fold increases in Myb1 expression of three plants corresponded with two-fold increases in their leaf 3-CGA content. In the future, these genetically modified plants could serve a crucial role in better understanding the pathway of CGA production in eggplants, and may also prove useful in generating valuable CGAs for both economic and medicinal purposes. Subsequent research can be directed towards determining the CGA content via measurement of 5-CGA and examining CGA content in different parts of the fruit such as flesh and peel. Study of the next generation (T1 plants) will also be critical for confirming the stability of the transformation.
  • Master Thesis
    Genetic Modification of Glycoalkaloid Content in Eggplant by Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation Technique
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Gültekin, Helin; Frary, Anne
    Eggplant is one of the first plantsthat was cultivated in the Old World. It is economically and agriculturally important for many countries such as Turkey. In addition, eggplant has been used medicinally since ancient times. The medicinal effects of eggplant come from its secondary metabolites. One of the most useful secondary metabolites is steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGA). SGAs have been used in cancer treatment research. The biosynthesis of SGAs in plants is controlled by enzymes and transcription factors. GAME 9 is a transcription factor that has been investigated in tomato and potato and has been shown to be an important element in the production pathway. In this research, a copy of eggplant’s own GAME 9 transcriptional factor was transformed to the eggplant genome with Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. To this end, the GAME 9 gene was amplified from the eggplant genome and inserted into the pSoup/pGreen0029 vector system. This vector system was inserted into Agrobacterium. Eggplant seedling explants were incubated with transgenic Agrobacterium. The transformation of regenerated plants was confirmed with PCR and efficiency was found to be 1.3%. RNA expression levels were checked by RT-QPCR for 12 confirmed transgenic plants. On the metabolite level, the leaves of transgenic plants were assayed for SGA content using Dragendorff’s reagent method. The transgenic plants’ mRNA and metabolite levels showed plant to plant variation due to the random nature of transgene insertion. Of the 12 transgenic eggplant, nine plants had significantly increased production of both mRNA (at least 2-fold difference) and metabolite levels. In addition, two plants did not show any difference in mRNA level but their SGA amount was significantly increased. The remaining plant had a 0.16-fold decrease in mRNA level but a significantly greater level of SGA than control plants. In the future, these transgenic plants can help illuminate the SGA production pathway of eggplant and be used for the production of economically and medicinally valuable SGAs.
  • Master Thesis
    Determination of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Eggplant
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2015) Altaye, Tesfa; Frary, Anne
    Eggplant (Solanum melongena), an economically important crop in the genus Solanum, is known by different names in different countries. The diversity of some eggplant germplasm has studied using morphological, biochemical and molecular techniques by different scientists. Here, we studied the genetic diversity of 79 eggplant accessions collected from 28 countries in a molecular level and the efficiency of Sequence related amplified polymorphism also evaluated in comparison with other studies. The genetic diversity of 73 S. melongena accessions and six outgroups were assessed using ten sequence related amplified polymorphisms (SRAP) marker combinations. All the primer tested showed polymorphism and the average alleles registered per locus was 4.7. The primers included in the study showed moderate polymorphic information content. Genetic similarity was analyzed using Dice coefficient and the relation tree constructed using unweighted neighbor joining. The dendrogram revealed five groups and the similarity of the dendrogram ranged from 0.18 to 1 with mean value of 0.59. All the outgroups were distantly related to S. melongena accessions except the wild S. linnaeanum and S. incanum group C ,which showed strong similarity with the cultivated s. Melongena.The result reported in Dendrogram, PCoA and STRUCTURE analysis showed consistency. The genetic similarities registered in our accessions were not correlated with geographical diversity. Lack of exact provenance and accessions naming is one of the challenge beside uncoordinated work done to characterize eggplant accessions. Therefore, collecting worldwide accessions from different eggplant germplasm center and screening by power core may clarify the ongoing confusions of eggplant classification.
  • Master Thesis
    Characterization of Glycoalkaloid Content and Molecular Mapping in Eggplant
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2006) Kırsoy, Öyküm; Frary, Anne
    In this thesis, solamargine which is a known eggplant glycoalkaloid and has an important place for human health was characterized in eggplant. For characterization, two eggplant lines S.melongena MM738 and S.linnaeanum MM195 were used. Although, for identification and detection of glycoalkaloid concentration, many different methods have been utilized, for this thesis, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze glycoalkaloid concentration in eggplant. In HPLC, spiking of samples was done using a solamargine standard and it was found that S. melongena had an undetectable level of solamargine while S. linnaeanum had between 17.6 and 33.4 mg (average 25.5 ± 11) solamargine per gram of freeze dried powder. In addition to characterization of glycoalkaloids in S.melongena MM738 and S.linnaeanum MM195, different types of molecular markers were surveyed for polymorphism in S.melongena MM738 and S.linnaeanum MM195 for mapping. A total of 47 polymorphic markers were then tested on the F2 population and located on the eggplant molecular genetic map.