Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/3008

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Üniversite Kampüs Binalarında Enerji Verimliliği ve Görsel Konforun Hedeflenmesi: Adaptif ve Adaptif Olmayan Gölgelendirme Sistemleri Optimizasyonu Üzerine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışma
(2025) Avcı, Pelin; Ekici, Berk; Kazanasmaz, Zehra Tuğçe
Üniversite binaları, sosyal, idari ve eğitim amaçlı kullanıldıkları için yüksek enerji tüketimine sahiptir. Özellikle mimari stüdyolarda kullanıcıya hitap eden ve işlevsel çalışma alanları yaratma gereksinimi de bu talepleri artırmaktadır. Statik cepheler değişen çevresel koşullara ve bina sakinlerinin konfor ihtiyaç ve davranışlarına cevap vermede başarısız olduğundan çevre ve kullanıcı taleplerine göre adapte olabilen çözümlere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın odak noktası, İzmir Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü'ndeki mimarlık stüdyolarında görsel konforunu ve enerji verimliliğini artırmak için gölgeme cihazlarının iyileştirilmesidir. Cephe konfigürasyonları ve performans göstergeleri üzerinden adaptif ve adaptif olmayan gölgeleme cihazlarının performans etkilerini anlamak için 103 çalışmanın kapsamlı bir literatür analizi ile başlayan karma bir yöntem yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada daha sonra Grasshopper, Honeybee ve Radiance araçları kullanılarak üniversite stüdyo alanının parametrik bir modeli oluşturulmuş ve aydınlatma enerjisi kullanımı, gün ışığından faydalanma ve kamaşma gibi 3 performans unsuru ele alınmıştır. Octopus, saatlik ve mevsimsel senaryolar için en iyi cephe konfigürasyonlarını belirlemek amacıyla optimizasyon yapmak için seçilen yapay zekâ aracıydı. Gün ışığı otonomisi, kamaşma ve aydınlatma enerjisi tüketiminin dengelenmesi söz konusu olduğunda, uyarlanabilir gölgeleme cihazlarının statik sistemlerden daha iyi performans gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Adapte olabilen çözümler tüm mevsimlerde aydınlatma enerjisi tüketimini azaltmış, gün ışığı otonomisini %20'ye kadar iyileştirmiş ve en yoğun saatlerde kamaşma olasılığını rahatsızlık sınırlarının altına %5 düşürmüştür; bu sistemler aydınlatma enerjisi tüketimini toplamda %15 oranında azaltmıştır. Sonuçlar, kullanıcı ve, performans odaklı adapte olabilen cephe sistemlerinin konforlu ve sürdürülebilir öğrenme alanları sağlamak için ne kadar iyi çalıştığını vurgulamaktadır.
Evaluating the Effects of Tinted and Clear Glazing on Indoor Environment Perception, Visual Comfort, and View Quality
(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Coğul, Ilgın; Kazanasmaz, Zehra Tuğçe
Indoors are essential in people's lives because most of the time is spent here. Therefore, indoor quality and comfort should be provided. One parameter affecting this quality and comfort is lighting. Although the importance of natural lighting comes to the forefront in sustainability studies, many variables must be taken into account while providing successful lighting conditions. This thesis investigates the effects of glazing transmittance, colors, and view types on visual comfort and occupants' indoor perception and impact of the specified glazing parameters on the view quality. Room types combined with various glazing and view types were modeled and asked people through a questionnaire about how interesting, pleasant, and bright the rooms and pleasantness of the view are perceived by people. While subjective opinions were analyzed with statistical methods, calculated illuminance and luminance values of the rooms were compared with survey results. In the results, it was found that the glazing color has a significant impact on the perception of the interior. While the yellow glazing offers an interesting experience to the occupants, these rooms were not found pleasant. Yellow glazing combined with the street view was the most unpleasant interior. Medium-transmittance glazing type and the nature view was evaluated as the most pleasant room. Although the glass with the highest transmittance causes very high illuminance values in the rooms, it is most preferred room for brightness. As a result, perceptions change according to the characteristics of the interior, and they should be taken into account when designing these spaces.
Citation - Scopus: 21
Multi-Objective Evolutionary Optimization of Photovoltaic Glass for Thermal, Daylight, and Energy Consideration
(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Taşer, Aybüke; Kazanasmaz, Zehra Tuğçe; Kundakcı Koyunbaba, Başak
As the industry has expanded and the population has increased recently, so have the World's energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Buildings are responsible for almost 40% of this consumption and emissions. They should be designed following energy-efficient and sustainable strategies. One of the most practical methods for increasing building energy efficiency and reducing environmental effects is building-integrated photovoltaic systems, which use solar energy to generate electricity on-site. This thesis explores the potential of photovoltaic glass technology in an architecture studio at the Izmir Institute of Technology Campus in Izmir, Turkey. The initial part of the study uses simulation modeling and field measurements in three scenarios to test the benefits of this technology in terms of thermal and lighting energy consumption and comfort levels. Scenarios included amorphous silicon thin-film modules in three transmittance values modeled in existing windows. Research findings propose that photovoltaic glasses have the potential to balance the room's lighting loads in a range between 15.1-and 20.3%. They improved occupant thermal and visual comfort by preventing overheating and glare risks. They also decreased cooling loads. Then, the study uses a genetic optimization algorithm to explore the optimum potential of the system in terms of annual energy consumption and daylight performance. Design variables are the window-to-wall ratio (i.e., window size and location) and amorphous-silicon thin-film solar cell transmittance to generate optimum Pareto-front solutions for the case building. Optimization objectives are minimizing annual thermal (i.e., heating and cooling) loads and maximizing Spatial Daylight Autonomy. Optimized results of Low-E semi-transparent amorphous-silicon photovoltaic modules applied on the window surface show that the Spatial Daylight Autonomy is increased to 82% with reduced glare risk and higher visual comfort for the occupants. Photovoltaic modules helped reduce the room's seasonal and annual lighting loads by up to 26.7%. Compared to non-optimized photovoltaic glass, they provide 23.2% more annual electrical energy.
Evaluation of Window Design and Daylight Performance of Main Room in Kula Houses
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2020) Battal, Cansu; İpekoğlu, Başak; Kazanasmaz, Tuğçe
When developing restoration decisions for conservation of historic houses, determination of daylight performance of the spaces is important for new usage proposals. Among the rooms located around sofa in Anatolian historical houses, main room is the most spectacular space. It should have sufficient and homogeneously distributed daylight in restored houses. This study aims to examine daylight performance of main room and preserve original lighting features in restoration and re-functioning decisions. For this purpose, Kaçıklar, Zabunlar, Kestaneciler and Zühtü Bey Houses, were selected as examples for the research. Daylight performance measurements were taken in main rooms in all seasons, in the morning, at noon, in late afternoon using an illuminance meter. As a result of the study, it was determined that illumination was not sufficient for all seasons in unrestored Kaçıklar House, sufficient for all seasons in unrestored Zabunlar House, in restored Kestaneciler House, also sufficient in restored Zühtü Bey House in autumn whereas insufficient in other seasons. In Kaçıklar House, opening the window that was closed, cleaning the paint on top windows, selecting a light-coloured wall finish material will positively affect lighting values. In restored Zühtü Bey House, the window, converted into a built-in cupboard, and the closed top window to be restored to original state and cleaning of improper paint on the top windows on the south wall will affect the lighting level positively. This study is important in terms of determining specific daylight illumination properties of historical houses and underlines the improvement of repair and conservation decisions.
Performance of Movable Façade Panels in Terms of Dynamic Daylight Metrics for a Classroom
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2020) Keskinel, Yeşim; Kazanasmaz, Zehra Tuğçe
Although the use of daylight has an important role in educational spaces, uncontrolled use of daylight can lead to some undesirable situations for occupants. It is generally accepted that recommended illuminance values change between 300 lux and 2000 lux in educational spaces. However, it is not possible to get these illuminance range at the same level during the day, as the classrooms have been used all day period. To create more satisfied daylit spaces, movable shading systems become a solution because of their ability of guiding the direct daylight in day period. To evaluate the daylight performance of movable shading systems, dynamic daylight performance metrics have been used. This thesis focuses on comparing different types of movable shading systems developed as a result of findings of dynamic daylight metrics in a classroom. A classroom in the Department of Architecture in Izmir Institute of Technology was chosen as the case room measured illuminance values. It has been found that the level of illuminance values are much higher than the generally accepted values. The classroom has been modelled virtually and analyzed on a special software programmer in order to examine the findings of the field measurement. Two different types of moveable shading systems have been suggested and used to evaluate the performance of illuminance. When the results are evaluated, it can be understood that movable shading systems have a significant role on creating satisfied spaces in educational areas. Especially, single oriented shading systems, which represented as model 1 in thesis, are more successful to control direct daylight.
User Lighting Preferences in Museums and Galleries: Virtual Models and a Survey for Multiple Exhibition and Lighting Conditions
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Çevik, Aslıhan; Kazanasmaz, Tuğçe
Just as any other interior, lighting quality of exhibition spaces need to be examined to enhance visual quality and comfort. Exhibition lighting is already a chaotic process with many quantitative and qualitative parameters, their relation with each other and concerns of multi-disciplines. Consequently, the impacts and the potentials of subjective appreciation, daylight, user perception and behavior, new developments and the relation between the parameters are often disregarded. In this thesis, a comprehensive study is conducted to understand the impact of lighting type, color temperature, room and exhibition parameters on navigation and impressions. A set of three exhibition spaces with various room and lighting conditions were modelled virtually, to be evaluated in a three-part questionnaire. A total of 90 participants are selected equally from three profession groups which are architects, visitors and artists. Their movement through the exhibition, preferences and impressions are analyzed with various statistical analysis methods. Results show that there are some distinctive preferences between occupation groups. In the first part, it can be seen that navigation choices changes with the lighting type as the movement towards daylight increases in transition areas and the end. Generally, daylight is preferred for sculpture while artificial light is preferred for paintings. In the second and third part, it was found out that lighting type is the major factor against color temperature in preference and impressions. The best setting is picked as single spotlight with neutral color temperature. Warm ambient lighting is not received well. Ultimately, lighting preferences and perception change with different room and exhibition conditions.
The Influence of a New Layout Arrangement and a Light Shelf-Reflective Louver System on Satisfying Visual Conditions in Academic Library Reading Room
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2017) Öner, Merve; Kazanasmaz, Zehra Tuğçe
Higly glazed facades has been increasing with the intention of more daylight gain in buildings. However, more daylight may not always bring more satisfaction considering many factors that influence daylighting quality. Uncontrolled daylight brings visual and thermal problems which end up with negative interactions with user comfort. Library spaces in which different task activities are performed simultaneously need to be well designed in terms of daylight performance, thus the user satisfaction could enhance. This thesis particularly focuses on the optimization of visual performance in an academic library with a new layout arrangement and a light shelf-reflective louver system. One of the reading rooms of Izmir Institute of Technology Library was chosen as a reference case, where the instrumental monitoring of existing daylighting conditions was performed. The reference case was then analyzed with daylight simulation tool, so that the outcomes would later be used for the performance testing of the new proposals. Luminance patterns and illuminance distribution of different points were evaluated in terms of visual performance recommendations. A new layout arrangement and light shelf-reflective louver system were proposed respectively in accordance with the deficiencies of simulation results. Ultimately, daylight performance of the library was significantly improved regarding illuminance and luminance based distribution. Despite a diminution in average illuminance due to the dramatic decrease of excessive amount of daylight near the window, the big picture gives the clues on how a simple layout change and a daylighting system can make enhancement on the visual performance of a library reading room.
Simultaneous Improvement in Visual and Acoustic Performance by Modifying Common Design Components in Lecture Halls
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2017) Öztürk, Yasemin; Kazanasmaz, Zehra Tuğçe
Providing indoor comfort conditions at optimum level in educational buildings increases the concentration, the desire for learning and occupants’ performance. The learning environment’s appeal for students and teachers are mostly derived from their visual and aural sensations. So, properly-designed lighting and acoustic conditions have become an important concern. Daylighting is a component of energy saving strategy. It provides visual performance and comfort to support executing tasks, additionally to achieve aesthetic and occupants’ appraisal of the physical environment. However, too high background noise and low intelligibility lead to disturbance in hearing and understanding. Such problems mainly cause the lack of concentration, which disturb occupants’ satisfaction with the indoor acoustic environment. Both students and lecturers raise their voices to communicate better when there is poor reverberation and clarity. Yet, measures and precautions to improve one aspect are not enough. Designers/researchers can establish an integrated approach to deal with the aspects of daylighting and acoustics under common design criteria; since, one design alternative developed to improve sound distribution modifies the visual performance either in an effective way or in an unfavorable way. It is necessary to propose common design alternatives, such as ceiling geometry, seating layout and material combination to conclude simultaneous enhancement in visual and acoustic performance. To achieve that, this thesis presents analyses of DIALux and ODEON models of a lecture hall proposing design component choices for ceiling geometry, seating layout, and material combinations. Simulation findings direct out attention to how to design a lecture hall in an integrated approach.
Overview and Discussion on Recent Applications of Building Integrated Daylighting Systems and Photovoltaics
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2017) Dim, Didem; Kazanasmaz, Zehra Tuğçe
Consumption of energy resources has been increased with industrial revolutions, and today it is continuing. As a matter of fact, one of the biggest results of this negative increase is global warming. In this respect, studies are being carried out for more sparing consumption of natural energy resources (water, mines, fossil fuels etc.). As well as work and applications for more common and correct use of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy. This study has emerged through the examination of the concept of "architecture integration". Today, the necessity and the positive increase in the use of renewable energy sources have led to the emergence of integrated energy systems with the building. Therefore, renewable energy resources are being used more actively with subsystems that provide integration between building and ecosystem. Renewable energy sources are energy resources that benefit from natural processes for energy and can renew themselves faster than resources are consumed. Solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy are the main sources of renewable energy. In this study, daylighting systems and photovoltaic applications, which are subsystems of solar energy and building integration as a result of renewable energy sources, are examined. During the research, it was considered how the systems are integrated into the building, their levels, design and structural characteristics and how they are used and reviewed through tabularized forms. As a result, it has been determined that the shape and features of integration vary according to the building form, environmental factors, and requirements of construction.
A Prediction Model for Daylighting Illuminance for Office Buildings
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2008) Binol, Selcen; Kazanasmaz, Zehra Tuğçe
Daylight is a primary light source for the office buildings where a comfortable and an efficient working environment should be provided mostly during day time. Evidence that daylight is desirable can be found in research as well as in observations of human behavior and the arrangement of office space. A prediction model was then developed to determine daylight illuminance for the office buildings by using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). A field study was performed to collect illuminance data for four months in the subject building of the Faculty of Architecture in .zmir Institute of technology. The study then involved the weather data obtained from the local Weather Station and building parameters from the architectural drawings. A three-layer ANNs model of feed-forward type was constructed by utilizing these parameters. Input variables were date, hour, outdoor temperature, solar radiation, humidity, UV Index, UV dose, distance to windows, number of windows, orientation of rooms, floor identification, room dimensions and point identification. Illuminance was used as the output variable. The first 80 of the data sets were used for training and the remaining 20 for testing the model. Microsoft Excel Solver used simplex optimization method for the optimal weights. Results showed that the prediction power of the model was almost 97.8%. Thus the model was successful within the sample measurements. NeuroSolutions Software performed the sensitivity analysis of the model. On the top of daylight consideration, this model can supply beneficial inputs in designing stage and in daylighting performance assessment of buildings by making predictions and comparisons. Investigation about this subject can be able to support the office buildings. having intended daylighting comfort conditions.

Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri

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