Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/3008
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Master Thesis Characteristics of Mortars and Plasters of Some Bath Buildings From Aydinoğullari Principality in Selçuk, İzmir(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2024) Bilekli, Rabia Nur; Sağın, Elif UğurluThis study examines the properties of the lime mortar and plaster of Isa Bey Bath, Kale Altı Bath, and Yahşi Bey Bath, the last bath buildings that preserved their authentic material structure from the Aydınoğulları Principality in Selçuk. The basic physical properties, raw material, chemical and mineralogical composition, pozzolanic and hydraulic properties of the mortars and plasters were investigated using RILEM standard test methods, SEM-EDS, XRD, and TGA. The interior walls of the baths exhibit two distinct plaster layers in different colors at the lower and upper levels. Lower-level plasters consist of plaster with natural stone aggregate and Horasan plaster, while upper-level plasters consist of plaster with natural stone aggregate and/or lime plaster. The average density and porosity values of Horasan plasters and plaster with natural stone aggregate were 1.71 - 1.48 g/cm³ and 26.83% - 30.70%, respectively. Plasters with natural stone aggregate have higher lime content and lime/aggregate ratio. The natural aggregates used in the mortars and plasters were derived from a raw material source containing minerals of volcanic origin. Brick aggregates were manufactured using low calcium clay at temperatures below 850 ºC. Mortars and plasters have hydraulic characteristics due to the pozzolanic properties of the aggregates used. Basic physical, chemical, and mineralogical compositions and hydraulic properties of mortars and plasters did not have significant differences according to the buildings. The use of raw materials and production techniques with similar properties to produce hydraulic mortars and plasters in historical bath buildings for many years indicates the continuity of local knowledge.Master Thesis Conservation of the Historic Greek School of Agios Ioannis Theologos (saint John the Theologian) and the Multicultural Settlement in Its Vicinity in Kemeraltı, İzmir(2023) Yazgan, Nur Sena; İpekoğlu, BaşakThe historical environments of cities transform over time based on changing lifestyles and needs. The settlements where different ethnic groups live together also differentiate with the changing social structure and migrations over time. As a result, many buildings in such areas are abandoned and not functioning. In this regard, Sakarya Neighbourhood in Konak, Izmir, where different ethnic groups such as Christians, Jews, and Muslims lived together in the past, is of historical and cultural significance. In this selected case some of the important historical buildings have completely disappeared and some of them are ruined. Among these buildings, the restoration project prepared for the Greek School is in the implementation phase. In this regard, the aim of this study is to evaluate the restoration project prepared in 2019 and its implementation process, which started in 2022, of the Greek School that is located within the Urban Conservation Site and 3rd Degree Archaeological Site. Within the scope of the study, this building and its surroundings are analyzed and conservation problems and values are determined. The restoration process of the Greek School is an initiator and generator implementation for the conservation process in the area, but in the three years after the project was prepared, the deterioration processes and damages to the building increased and the original architectural elements were lost. As a result of this study, the interventions made during the implementation of the restoration project were introduced and evaluated at the building scale. At the environmental scale, the value and problems of the buildings were examined and the restoration of ruined and structurally poor buildings and the re-function of abandoned buildings were proposed.Master Thesis Conservation Strategies Against Climate Change Effects on Coastal Historic Settlements: the Case of Kuşadasi Citadel(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Çıkıkçı, Süleyman Burçak; Yüceer, Hülya; Baba, AlperClimate change is currently one of the most essential and fastest-growing threats to people and their heritage around the world. Heritage assets and sites are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change due to their age and being in constant interaction with the environment and weathering processes. In particular, historic coastal settlements are highly vulnerable to climate change effects due to their proximity to the sea, which may lead to coastal erosion, changing sea levels, abrupt changes in air temperatures, storms and floods that may damage or even lead to the disappearance of these areas. Thus, developing resilience through tailor-made conservation strategies for historic coastal settlements is crucial to transfer them to future generations. In this context, this study discusses the effects of climate change through the example of Kuşadası Citadel, a historical coastal settlement located in the Mediterranean Basin, which is expected to be highly vulnerable to climate change. The study identified the potential conservation problems that may arise from the effects of climate change on the listed and 'façade to be conserved' immovable cultural assets of the Kuşadası Citadel. Accordingly, the study has developed its method. Area-specific climate change impacts were determined, vulnerability and risk analyses were performed, and administrative, site and building-scale conservation strategies were developed. In conclusion, strategies have been developed for the Kuşadası Citadel, which is highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, to protect it from these effects at different scales. It is an example of coastal settlement research in the context of climate change adaptation and gives guidance for local-scale conservation efforts.Master Thesis Evaluating the Conservation Problems of Tells in Şanlıurfa(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Aynas, Delal; Kul, Fatma NurşenTells are special archaeological mound forms that provide an understanding of the history of settlement and the reciprocal interaction between humans and nature through the remains of settlements re-built in the same place. Since the tells represent the cultures of life and settlements of different periods, they should be conserved as a part of cultural heritage. However, studies in which the tells are defined as cultural heritage to be conserved are limited. Instead, these areas are considered as places to be excavated for obtaining information. The aim of this study is to understand the conservation problems of the tells through the tells in Şanlıurfa and to present conservation principles for these areas. The method of the study consists of literature review, archive survey for the tells in Şanlıurfa, and on-site examination of the selected tells via site survey. In this respect, the general characteristics, conservation problems, and potentials and values of Ayanlar Tell, Fıstıklı Tell, Gözeler Tell, Harran Tell, Kurban Tell, Sultantepe Tell, Yaylak Tell, Yeni Mahalle Tell and Zeytinli Bahçe Tell in Şanlıurfa are evaluated. The conservation problems and potentials of tells are different from each other depending on their intrinsic characteristics. As a result, general conservation approaches and principles are proposed in the light of defined and evaluated conservation problems and with the help of analyzing successfuly preserved examples. It is concluded a comprehensive and holistic perspective should be established in the conservation of the tells, considering all historical layers, as well as the present-day traditional settlement layer.Master Thesis Restoration and Presentation of Byzantine Defense Structures in Cilicia(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2021) Kenar, Aylin; Turan, MineThe aim of this study is to evaluate current restorations and presentations of Byzantine defense structures in terms of sustaining and enhancement of the cultural heritage values and their success in solving conservation problems. So, better management of future interventions may be possible. Case study approach was undertaken: Three castle ruins in Cilicia, Turkey were focused on: Yılan and Feke castles and Kızkalesi in Korykos. The cases are located in the present-day rural areas. They are restored recently. The study consists of literature review, site survey, documentation and analysis of geographic characteristics, historic background, morphologic characteristics, construction technique and material usage and conservation activities of the case studies, identification of the cultural heritage values and conservation problems before and after interventions at the landscape, site and building scales; and discussion of the effects of the interventions on values and problems in comparison with case studies from abroad. As a result, it was determined that interventions were either unsystematic or implemented more than necessary. There is lack of a holistic approach for interventions. While some portions were intervened, others were left in-situ without any interventions. There is a tendency for reconstruction and reintegration in general. It was seen that current interventions either sustain already accumulated cultural heritage values or they have negative impact on them. Consequently, enhancement of values is not observed. Meanwhile, some of the conservation problems were ignored.Master Thesis Educational Activities for the Presentation of the Values of Cultural Assets To Children(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2021) Baloğlu, Gupse; Çil, ElaDifferent learning methods such as the presentation preferred in the activities carried out in the workshops, education in the museum, visualization, designing, play, historical environment tour, painting, poster production, drama have laid the groundwork for children to experience their cultural assets. Especially with the different perspective gained by these methods, the way children perceive the field they see every day changes. In order to allow this perception to change, it is important to both enrich the content and ensure the continuity of the studies on this subject. The regular and more inclusive dissemination of activities based on active experience will play an important role in achieving these gains. The level of awareness and awareness of the society is of great importance in ensuring the sustainability of the activities in the presentation and protection of cultural assets in the historical environment. It is necessary to include the society in the protection of cultural assets and to understand the values. It is important to gain these values, which constitute the awareness of protection, to people from childhood. The activities carried out in the historical environment were examined for a comprehensive research on the presentation of cultural assets and to examine the definitions made in the conceptual framework aimed with this study.Master Thesis Investigation and Evaluation of Technical, Administrative and Legal Decisions During the Restoration Process of Çakmur Houses(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2020) Çakmur, Tuncer Çağrı; İpekoğlu, BaşakÇakmur Houses building group, that was constructed in the middle of the 19th century, extended with additional spaces and went through various repair works during the 20th century, are one of the rare constructions in the region with its original architectural space and elements. Çakmur Houses are related with the population movements due to Ottoman-Russian wars that took place in South Caucasus in the 19th and 20th centuries. Çakmur Houses located in Gaziler (Bardız) village of Şenkaya district of Erzurum consists of three house structures, two of which adjacent to each other, and the other ancillary spaces around these residences. Residents, that changed due to the wars after the 19th century, constructed both new buildings and added new spaces to existing buildings in Bardız and its surroundings. Çakmur Houses consist of original structures built in this way. The building group was damaged in the Şenkaya earthquake that occurred in 1999. The restoration of Çakmur Houses, registered as an immovable cultural asset in 2008, was completed in 2012. The purpose of this study to analyse the values of the building group and to investigate and evaluate the technical, administrative and legal decisions made during the conservation process according to the international charters, the law numbered 2863 and the principle decisions of Supreme Council for the Conservation of Immovable Cultural Assets. Investigating the steps followed during conservation process of a rural building group will contribute to the prevention of possible similar problems that might occur during the restoration of similar building groups.Master Thesis Archiving of the Conservation Data of Immovable Cultural Assets Dating To 1300-1600 in Urla Center Using Gis(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Yönder, Veli Mustafa; Turan, Mine; Demirkesen, Ali CanThis study aims to create a digital archiving system of immovable cultural assets belonging to the early Turkish time frame in Urla historic center. Forming a database with the assistance of the Geographic Information System (GIS) to comprehend and assess the life stories of monuments and to access various user profiles is also considered. In the methodology section; academic articles, books, journals, personal archives, data acquired from state institutions or architectural offices, and the data obtained during fieldwork (physical status and interviews with users) were processed in a GIS platform. Academic reviews and researches of the buildings were conducted. In the decision-making process, which is a sophisticated and multidimensional process, the share of conservation data and data management in the whole process becomes progressively significant. Documentation and registration of architectural immovable cultural assets, which is one of the important figures in the urban context, are conducted under the supervision of the Regional Directorate of Pious Foundations or the Conservation Board. Therefore, extracting a large number of mass data produced each year and making the required classifications make assist decision-making processes. In the discussion and results part, analysis and comparative study of all conservation data of the cultural assets were performed. The results for constructing the database are understanding the scope, accessibility, developers, scale, and data types. In the results for the conservation data archived: are understanding historical background, physical characteristics, conservation activities, and interpreting conservation decisions about buildings.Master Thesis Problems and Rehabilitation Proposals in the Conservation of the Area Surrounding Süleymaniye Külliyesi(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Alsancak, Handan; İpekoğlu, Başak; Akpınar, Figen; İpekoğlu, Başak; Akpınar, FigenThe settlement located in the Historical Peninsula and around the Süleymaniye Külliye has an urban historical texture composed of Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman ruins and structures. Today, the area between Süleymaniye Külliyesi and İstanbul Textile Traders’ Market is gradually losing its traditional texture characteristics as a result of unqualified interventions, changes in land use and dilapidation. The aim of this study is to analyze the values and problems of the settlement, which was identified as the World Heritage Site and to develop interventions for preserving and sustaining the area with its traditional characteristics. Within the scope of the study, sub-zones were determined by considering the distribution of historical structures in the area, traditional texture characteristics, change and originality in the settlement texture, diversity and distribution of commercial and residential use, conservation and change characteristics. Intervention decisions were developed by evaluating the environmental, architectural and socially examined values and problems. As a result of the study, pedestrianization of the streets with heavy vehicular traffic, design of the registered empty plots, used for parking, as a reinforcement area, design of Emir Madrasah plot as an informative exhibition area about the monument are some interventions on the area scale. On the building scale, restoration of the ruined monuments, use of monumental buildings in accordance with their original use were proposed, building specifications based on building height and footprint for new buildings were determined for the entire commercial area around Kirazlı Mescit Street.Master Thesis Assessment of Izmir Halkapınar Water Pump Station for Its Conservation as Industrial Heritage(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Şener, İdil Ece; İpekoğlu, BaşakNew technologies have been used in water distribution as a result of the modernization brought about by the Industrial Revolution started in Europe in the 18th century. Ottoman Empire also benefited from the technologies when granted privileges to foreign companies to establish water supplies in the port cities. Among these companies, “La Compagnie Ottomane des Eaux de Smyrne” (Ottoman Water Company of İzmir) built Halkapınar Water Pump Station building in İzmir in 1898. The building, which still maintains its original function, is located within the facility of İzmir Water and Sewerage Administration (İZSU) in Halkapınar. It consists of the main pump building and two outbuildings The aim of this study is to analyse the values and problems of the structure and to develop a conservation proposal. The method applied in the study is field survey, archives and literature research. It is a rare example of surviving industrial heritage and has a significance in reflecting the technological developments in water distribution in the 19th century. The problems of the building are poor quality additions and removals implemented throughout the years. As a result of the study, it is proposed to maintain the original function of the building, to remove poor quality additions in the main pump station and on the original outbuilding, to rearrange the original features, and open to public visitation. The proposed interventions considering the values of the building will contribute to the conservation and exhibition of the building as an industrial heritage.