Master Degree / Yüksek Lisans Tezleri

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/3008

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Water quality

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Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Master Thesis
    Surface Water Quality Modeling for Best Management Practices - a Case Study From Bakırçay River Basin
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2021) Kazancı, Yiğithan; Gündüz, Orhan; Kazancı, Yiğithan; Baba, Alper; Baba, Alper; Gündüz, Orhan
    This study was carried out to analyze the water quality in the Bakırçay River basin, which is known to be exposed to intense industrial and agricultural pollutant loads. A mathematical model system called AQUATOOL was used to reveal the changes that the effects of anthropogenic and natural events in the basin will cause on the conservative water quality parameters and nutrients. Model results are given in wet (April) and dry (September) periods for 4 points determined from upstream to downstream in the basin on a spatial basis, and temporal evaluation is also given for 1 upstream river water body, 1 downstream river water body, and 1 lake water body. Seven best management practices scenarios were determined and implemented one after the other in the model. Spatially, the results reveal good water status for both the dry period and the wet period at the upstream points, while at the downstream points, all parameters except BOD5 and Dissolved Oxygen are found to be in poor condition. Besides, similar situations arise in spatial-based results, and despite the scenarios, parameters could not reach good water status except for the lake waterbodies. The improvement in lake results occurs due to dilution, not scenarios. With this study, the pollution load in Bakırçay River Basin and the effects it creates once again revealed that if the anthropogenic loads are not reduced, the water quality of the basin will reach irreversible points for many years. It is thought that this study can constitute a source document for decision-makers, especially in terms of efficiency comparisons in the best management scenarios to be applied.
  • Master Thesis
    Effects of Oxygenation in Stratified Reservoirs on Concetrations of Manganese and Iron in Bottom Sediments
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Vural Aydın, Buse; Elçi, Şebnem; Ökten, Hatice Eser
    Iron and manganese accumulation in drinking water reservoirs is a challenging issue and should be controlled in order to prevent their adverse effects on human health. Accumulation of these elements not only clogs pipeline systems but also causes stains on fixtures and laundry. In addition, high concentrations of iron and manganese may lead to various health problems when ingested. This study focuses on the release mechanism of iron and manganese from sediments to water column and investigates methods to prevent this release. Effects of lack of hypolimnetic aeration, acid-base condition and thermal stratification on iron and manganese concentrations at water column were investigated through laboratory experiments. Experiments showed that total iron (Fe) and ferrous iron (Fe2+) concentrations in the water column decreased gradually following aeration in hypoxia conditions. A similar behavior was also observed for manganese concentrations. However, the concentration of dissolved manganese (Mn) in alkaline water condition is observed to be less than the aerated water case. This is an indication that iron and manganese react differently under different acidity of water in consideration.
  • Master Thesis
    Investigation of Effects of Land Use Changes in Tahtalı River Basin on Water Quality
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2009) Selçuk, Pelin; Elçi, Şebnem
    The rapid increase of population, industrial growth and disorganized urbanization have put considerable stress on the available water sources, which are already scarce, not only by the increased usage but also by deterioration of the quality of available resources. Both statistical and GIS analyses were adopted in this study to examine the changes in water quality parameters associated with the changes in landuse within a major watershed in the city of Izmir, Turkey. In this study, the satellite images containing the periods prior and after filling of the main pool of the Tahtali reservoir, were analyzed and the effects of the land use changes on the water quality were investigated. For this purpose, the aerial photos of the basin taken in 1995 (October) composed of 130 sections having a scale of 1/5000 were obtained and these images were compared with images of the Ikonos satellite taken in 2005 (November) with a resolution of 1 meter. New residential buildings, greenhouses and industrial buildings were presented in separate layers to document changes in basin activities since 1995.Later on, changes in all 130 sections were merged and the thematic maps of the basin were obtained. This analysis utilized several GIS techniques including manual digitizing, remote sensing and use of existing digital base maps for the preparation of input data. The data analysis included transformation between map projections and data formats, editing of attributes and use of query functions, use of spatial overlaying and also both retrieval and classification.In order to investigate the effects of changes on the water quality, the water analysis values obtained from samples taken at 6 different reaches within the basin and at the main lake for the years of 1995-2005 were obtained. Seasonal Kendall and Mann Kendall tests were selected and applied to the water quality data to investigate which parameters increased/decreased and how these changes were related to the effects of urbanization and industrial development. This study also investigated and quantified soil erosion in the basin by the universal soil loss equation (USLE) for two different land use compositions and soil maps from two years: 1995 and 2005.
  • Master Thesis
    Assessmanet of Exposure and Risk Associated With Trihalomethanes and Other Volatile Organic Compounds in Drinking Water
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2005) Kavcar, Pınar; Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil
    Concentrations of 54 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured in İzmir drinking water, and associated health risks due to ingestion of these compounds were investigated using a semi-probabilistic sampling design. 100 houses were visited in different districts of İzmir and drinking water samples were collected from consumer taps and bottled waters. Using questionnaires, demographics and drinking water consumption rates were determined. Individual and population based exposures and risks were estimated by employing deterministic and probabilistic approaches, respectively.Trihalomethanes (THMs) (i.e., chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, and bromoform), benzene, toluene, p-xylene, and naphthalene were the most frequently detected VOCs in İzmir drinking water with concentrations ranging from below detection limit to 35 .g/l. None of the samples exceeded the maximum contaminant levels stated in the Turkish, European, and American drinking water regulations. For all VOCs, the concentrations measured in metropolitan area were greater than those in other districts. All THM species were detected in higher concentrations in tap water.Noncarcinogenic risks attributable to ingestion of VOCs in İzmir drinking water were negligible whereas the mean carcinogenic risk estimates for bromodichloromethane and dibromochloromethane were above the acceptable level of one in a million (10-6). Deterministic approach revealed that 23%, 29%, and 2% of individuals had lifetime cancer risks greater than 10-6 associated with ingestion of bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, and bromoform, respectively. The results of this study show that exposures to drinking water contaminants and associated risks may be higher than the acceptable level even if the concentrations fall below the drinking water standards.