Civil Engineering / İnşaat Mühendisliği

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Author: search.filters.author.Chandrasekharam, DornadulaSubject: search.filters.subject.Renewable energy

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  • Conference Object
    Citation - WoS: 3
    Salihli Granitoid, Menderes Massif, Western Anatolia: a Sustainable Clean Energy Source for Mitigating Co2 Emissions
    (2022) Chandrasekharam, Dornadula; Ayzit, Tolga; Baba, Alper
    Turkey has a great opportunity to promote renewable energy, which is produced from high heat-generating granitoids using EGS (Enhanced Geothermal Systems) technology. Exploiting the energy from the radiogenic granitoid will help the country save about 32211 million kg of CO2 from gas-based electricity power plants. In addition to the hydrothermal energy sources, energy from EGS will make the country free from energy deficit and provide sustainable power, water, and food. In the present paper, we assess the power generation capacity of Salihli granitoid (SG), with an outcropping area of about 100 km2 located within the western Anatolian plateau, and describe the technology involved in harnessing the heat from these granitoids. The Anatolian Plateau is known for extension tectonics and is explained by the westward tectonic escape and subduction rollback processes. The most prominent structures of western Anatolia are E-W and ENE-WSW trending graben and horst controlled by low and high-angle oblique to dip-slip normal faults, exposing the Menderes Massif. Magmatic activity in western Anatolia is mainly related to episodic-two stage extensional regime, where the early phase is characterized mainly by calc-alkaline Early-Middle Miocene felsic lavas and pyroclastic and the latter by late Miocene-Quaternary rift-related alkaline basaltic volcanism. The plutonic activity started during 12 to 15 Ma represented by SG. The heat generation capacity of the SG varies from 5.5 to 6.7 (µW/m3), while the heat flow values over SG range from 68 to 107 HF (mW/m2). These values are much higher compared to the global average crustal values.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 4
    Citation - Scopus: 12
    Carbon Dioxide Emissions Mitigation Strategy Through Enhanced Geothermal Systems: Western Anatolia, Turkey
    (Springer, 2022) Chandrasekharam, Dornadula; Baba, Alper
    Although Turkey is not the biggest GHG polluter, its emissions have increased by 110.4% since 1990. Currently, its CO2 emissions alone have crossed 400 Mt. Within the scope of 2 °C targets (2D scenario), the country can easily surpass this target test by increasing its renewable energy sources as a primary energy source mix, by developing its Enhanced Geothermal Sources (EGS) locked up in the radiogenic granites of western Anatolia. The radiogenic heat generated by these granites, spread over an area of 4221 sq. km, varies from 5.3 to 16.34 µW/m3. Based on the electricity generation capacity of granites from Soultz-sous-Forets and Cooper Basin EGS sites, the combined electricity generation capacity of Kestanbol and Kozak granite plutons is about 830 billion kWh. For the period extending from 2019 to 2023, Turkey is aiming at reducing the usage of gas for electricity generation from 29.9 to 20.7%, increasing the share of renewable energy sources from 32.5 to 38.8%, increasing the electricity production from local energy sources from 150 to 219 TWh and increasing the electricity usage per-capita from 3.7 to 4.3 MWh. These energy targets can be achieved by major contributions from hydrothermal and EGS energy sources. This review demonstrates that besides electricity and heat, EGS energy can be utilized, together with other renewable energy sources, such as hydrothermal, wind, and concentrated solar for providing fresh water through the desalination process. These energy sources would provide food, energy, and water security to the country for several decades.