Civil Engineering / İnşaat Mühendisliği
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/13
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Article Citation - WoS: 11Citation - Scopus: 15Groundwater Resources and Quality in Syria(Elsevier, 2021) Baba, Alper; Karem, Ruwad AL.; Yazdani, HamidrezaThe resources of groundwater and its pollution in Syria are identified, and pathways of contaminants to groundwater are described. Then, suggestions for improvement of groundwater quality in Syria are evaluated. Syria is located in a region where water scarcity is dominant. About 87% of all water in Syria is mainly used for irrigation, with almost 60% of this water taken from groundwater resources. The rest is used for domestic and industrial purposes, which account for 9% and 4%, respectively. Due to over-pumping and the increase in the number of unsustainable wells observed in recent decades, groundwater is quantitatively deteriorating. In general, sources of groundwater contamination fall into two main categories: natural and anthropogenic sources. Important sources of natural groundwater pollution include climate effects. About 43% of groundwater has a high concentration of SO4 and/or NaCl. This is specifically dominant in the eastern region of Syria due to the harsh environment where precipitation is relatively low, and evaporation is high. One of the major sources of anthropogenic groundwater contamination is civil war. Most of the damaged regions are located on permeable rocks, which increases the probability of groundwater contamination due to chemical weapons (CW) used. It is vital to manage and control groundwater resources well. With the increase in water contamination and with the absence of poor water management, access to drinking water will be more of a problem than it is now.Article Citation - WoS: 40Citation - Scopus: 44Geological and Hydrogeochemical Properties of Geothermal Systems in the Southeastern Region of Turkey(Elsevier Ltd., 2019) Baba, Alper; Şaroğlu, Fuat; Akkuş, I.; Özel, Nedret; Yeşilnacar, Mehmet İrfan; Nalbantçılar, Mahmut Tahir; Demir, Mustafa Muammer; Gökçen, Gülden; Arslan, Ş.; Dursun, N.; Uzelli, Taygun; Yazdani, HamidrezaThe Anatolia region is one of the most seismically active regions in the world. It has a considerably high level of geothermal energy potential thanks to its geological and tectonic settings. The Southeastern Anatolia Region (GAP) is located in the south of Bitlis-Zagros Suture Zone (BZSZ) which is in the Arabian foreland. During the neotectonic period, the folded structures have been developed under the influence of tectonic compression from the Upper Miocene in the GAP Region where it is closely related to active tectonics. These tectonic activities produce more geothermal resources. Few studies have been carried out in this region for geothermal energy. Limited portions of the geothermal resources have been used both for thermal tourism and greenhouses in the GAP region. The aim of this study is to determine geological, tectonic and hydrogeochemical properties of a geothermal system in the GAP Region. The result indicates that the surface temperatures of geothermal fluids are from 20 to 84.5 °C A large number of abandoned oil wells, whose temperature reaches 140 °C, are found in the region. Also, hydrogeochemical results show that deep circulated geothermal fluids are enriched with Na-Cl and shallow geothermal system fluids have Na−HCO 3 and Ca-SO 4 characters because of cold water mixing and water-rock interaction. Cold waters are generally of Ca-Mg−HCO 3 and Ca−HCO 3 type. Cation geothermometers were used for determining reservoir temperature of the geothermal resources in the region. The results show that the reservoir temperature of these geothermal resources ranges from 50 °C to 200 °C. The isotope data (oxygen-18, deuterium and tritium) suggests that geothermal fluid is formed by local recharge and deep circulation.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 5Groundwater in Local Development Strategies: Case of Izmir(IWA Publishing, 2018) Velibeyoğlu, Koray; Yazdani, Hamidreza; Baba, AlperThis study takes into account groundwater in local development strategies of Izmir, in which rapid and uneven development has occurred in recent decades. Therefore, resilience thinking is needed in the future development of the city-region. To this end, the paper aims to make an analysis of recently completed asset-based local development strategies for Izmir city towards water resiliency. The methodology has two main steps. Firstly, by using spatial interaction analysis of peninsula and river basins, potential vulnerabilities and risks are indicated. Secondly, a stratified model of strategy evaluation is conducted by scrutinizing the existing layered approaches. Then, these models were applied to all strategic decisions including water resources and indicated a high level of consistency to achieve sustainable and resilient use of blue-green infrastructure in the future of Izmir’s metropolitan area. Local assets, including water resources, are the backbone of future development of the Izmir city-region. Therefore, usage of local assets in a multi-level perspective of strategy development needs to be understood. The stratified model denotes that special emphasis should be given to different river basins in different levels. This study illustrates that synergy management is needed between different layers of local development strategies, in which the role of urban and rural households is of the utmost importance.