Civil Engineering / İnşaat Mühendisliği
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/13
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Article Citation - WoS: 29Citation - Scopus: 32Plate Loading Tests on Clay With Construction and Demolition Materials(Springer Verlag, 2021) Cabalar, Ali Fırat; Abdulnafaa, Mohammed Dafer; İşbuğa, VolkanThis study presents a series results of plate loading tests on a clay with various construction and demolition (CD) materials conducted in a large-scale model box and a numerical verification on the use of these material mixtures. The tests have been applied to the clay with three different types of CD materials (concrete, asphalt, and brick) prepared in a reinforced concrete circular box with a diameter of 2.0 m and a depth of 1.5 m. The CD materials were added to the clay with a mix ratio of 10% by dry weight and then compacted at optimum water content (w(opt)) and corresponding maximum dry density (gamma(drymax)). The testing results have indicated that the CD materials increased the ultimate bearing capacity of the clay with a range of 50-75%. Furthermore, a remarkable correlation between the results of plate loading tests and numerical simulations made by a commercial finite element software (Plaxis 2D) was observed for all mixtures tested.Conference Object Upscaling Surface Flow Equations Depending Upon Data Availability at Different Scales(Springer Verlag, 2003) Tayfur, GökmenSt. Venant equations, which are used to model sheet flows, are point-scale, depth-averaged equations, requiring data on model parameters at a very fine scale. When data are available at the scale of a hillslope transect, the point equations need to be upscaled to conserve the mass and momentum at that scale, Hillslope-scale upscaled model must be developed if data are available at that scale. The performance of the three models applied to simulate flows from non-rilled surfaces revealed that the hillslope-scale upscaled model performs as good as the point-scale model though it uses far less data. The transectionally-upscaled model slightly underestimates the observed data.Article Citation - WoS: 8Citation - Scopus: 8Estimation Groundwater Total Recharge and Discharge Using Gis-Integrated Water Level Fluctuation Method: a Case Study From the Alasehir Alluvial Aquifer Western Anatolia, Turkey(Springer Verlag, 2020) Şimşek, Celalettin; Demirkesen, Ali Can; Baba, Alper; Kumanlıoğlu, Ahmet; Durukan, Seda; Aksoy, Niyazi; Tayfur, GökmenThe estimation of groundwater recharge is an essential process for hydrogeological study. Realistic determination approach is crucial for assessing groundwater potential in an aquifer system and estimating of groundwater levels and/or changes in dry periods. Based on these matters, we employ a GIS-integrated groundwater level fluctuation method to determine the groundwater recharge for a hydrological period in the Alasehir alluvial aquifer (W. Anatolia). The method basically takes into account both increasing and decreasing of the groundwater levels due to the recharge and discharge mechanisms in the aquifer. In this study, 16 pumping and monitoring wells were drilled with a total depth of 1300 m, and water level data loggers were installed into the monitoring wells to determine the groundwater level changes. The spatial distribution of the monthly groundwater level change map was multiplied by the aquifer storage distribution map and then the accurate water volume is calculated by using the 3-D spatial analysis. According to our evaluation in the aquifer, positive volume change of the groundwater is 187 hm(3) in a year, which is considered as a recharge value of groundwater. It is concluded that the GIS-integrated water table fluctuation method gave rise to estimate the total recharge amount of the groundwater in the Alasehir aquifer. The total groundwater recharge indicates that total inflow in the aquifer from precipitation, leakage from surface water and irrigation waters. It can be stated that the recharge estimation of groundwater in a surficial aquifer, like the Alasehir aquifer, is fairly easy using the GIS-integrated water table fluctuation method.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Generalized Regression Neural Network and Empirical Models To Predict the Strength of Gypsum Pastes Containing Fly Ash and Blast Furnace Slag(Springer Verlag, 2020) Erdem, Tahir Kemal; Cengiz, Okan; Tayfur, GökmenGypsum is widely used in constructions owing to its easy application, zero shrinkage, and excellent fire resistance. Several parameters can affect the properties of gypsum pastes. To study the strength of the gypsum pastes experimentally by trying all these parameters is time-consuming and costly. Therefore, artificial intelligence methods can be very useful to predict the paste strength, which, in turn, can reduce the number of trial batches. Based on experimental data, the generalized regression neural network (GRNN) and empirical models were developed to predict strength of gypsum pastes containing fly ash (FA) and blast furnace slag (BFS). Gypsum content, pozzolan content, curing temperature, curing duration, and testing age constituted the input variables of the models while the paste strength was the target output. The trained and tested GRNN model was found to be successful in predicting strength. Sensitivity analysis by the GRNN model revealed that the curing duration and temperature were important sensitive parameters. In addition to the GRNN model, empirical models were proposed for the strength prediction. The same input variables formed the input vectors of the empirical models. The same dataset used for the calibration of the GRNN model was employed to establish the empirical models by employing genetic algorithm (GA) method. The empirical models were successfully validated. The GRNN and GA_based empirical models were also tested against the multi-linear regression (MLR) and multi-nonlinear regression (MNLR) models. The results showed the outperformance of the GRNN and the GA_based empirical models over the others.Article Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 5Pre-Identification Data Merging for Multiple Setup Measurements With Roving References(Springer Verlag, 2020) Ceylan, Hasan; Turan, Gürsoy; Hızal, ÇağlayanOne-time operational modal analysis (OMA) of large civil structures requires measurements of the vibrations, which, according to the number of channels to be measured, are generally expensive and arduous to obtain. In this study, identification of modal parameters of civil structures has been investigated by using multiple setups with a roving reference channel. In this manner, a limited amount of equipment becomes sufficient for OMA of structures. The procedure consists of a transformation function between measurement setups, which transforms all measured data to the time frame of a selected reference setup. To illustrate the procedure, an existing 10 story laboratory shear frame model is considered. A numerical and an experimental investigation have been carried out to identify its modal characteristics. The validity of the procedure has been explained in detail by making use of a coherence function in-between the multi-setup measurements. According to the results, OMA by using only a few sensors with the performed procedure can be equivalent to OMA by using a full measurement setup. Against a common believe, the results of this study reveal that synchronization among the setups does not prominently affect the identification results.Article Citation - WoS: 16Citation - Scopus: 20Groundwater Recharge Estimation Using Hydrus 1d Model in Alaşehir Sub-Basin of Gediz Basin in Turkey(Springer Verlag, 2019) Tonkul, Serhat; Baba, Alper; Şimşek, Celalettin; Durukan, Seda; Demirkesen, Ali Can; Tayfur, GökmenGediz Basin, located in the western part of Turkey constituting 2% land of the country, has an important groundwater potential in the area. Alasehir sub-basin, located in the southeast of the Gediz Basin and subject to the extensive withdrawal for the irrigation, constitutes the study area. Natural recharge to the sub-basin due to precipitation is numerically investigated in this study. For this purpose, 25 research wells, whose depths range from 20 to 50 m, were drilled to observe the recharge and collect the necessary field data for the numerical model. Meteorological data were collected from 3 weather stations installed in the study area. The numerical model HYDRUS was calibrated using the field water content data. Soil characterization was done on the core samples; the aquifer characterization was performed, and the alluvial aquifer recharge due to precipitation was calculated. As a result, the computed recharge value ranges from 21.78 to 68.52 mm, with an average value of 43.09 mm. According to the numerical model, this amount of recharge corresponds to 10% of the amount of annual rainfall.Article Citation - WoS: 22Citation - Scopus: 27Micromechanical Modeling of Intrinsic and Specimen Size Effects in Microforming(Springer Verlag, 2018) Yalçınkaya, Tuncay; Özdemir, İzzet; Simonovski, IgorSize effect is a crucial phenomenon in the microforming processes of metallic alloys involving only limited amount of grains. At this scale intrinsic size effect arises due to the size of the grains and the specimen/statistical size effect occurs due to the number of grains where the properties of individual grains become decisive on the mechanical behavior of the material. This paper deals with the micromechanical modeling of the size dependent plastic response of polycrystalline metallic materials at micron scale through a strain gradient crystal plasticity framework. The model is implemented into a Finite Element software as a coupled implicit user element subroutine where the plastic slip and displacement fields are taken as global variables. Uniaxial tensile tests are conducted for microstructures having different number of grains with random orientations in plane strain setting. The influence of the grain size and number on both local and macroscopic behavior of the material is investigated. The attention is focussed on the effect of the grain boundary conditions, deformation rate and the grain size on the mechanical behavior of micron sized specimens. The model is intrinsically capable of capturing both experimentally observed phenomena thanks to the incorporated internal length scale and the crystallographic orientation definition of each grain.Conference Object Citation - WoS: 1Development of a Proper Mix-Design for Impact Loading of Deflection Hardening Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete(Springer Verlag, 2018) Alami, Muhammad Musa; Erdem, Tahir Kemal; Yardımcı, Mert Yücel; Aydın, SerdarThis study aims to develop a low-cost Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete (HyFRC) that exhibits deflection hardening behavior under bending and has high energy absorption capacity under impact loading by determining proper combination of steel and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers. More than forty mixtures were prepared including two mixtures of conventional concrete, six mixtures of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC), and thirty-six mixtures of HyFRC. The design parameters were chosen as fly ash to cement ratio (1.2, 1.7 and 2.2), steel fiber type and amount (0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.25% by volume), PVA fiber amount (0.25% and 0.50% by volume), and maximum aggregate size (Dmax) of 8 mm and 16 mm. Several tests were carried out on fresh and hardened specimens such as bending, compression, and low-velocity flexural impact loading. Based on the results, it is found that the mixture with 0.75% steel fiber and 0.25% PVA showed the best performance for the aim of the study.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 4Removal of Metals and Metalloids From Acidic Mining Lake (aml) Using Olive Oil Solid Waste (osw)(Springer Verlag, 2019) İlay, Remzi; Baba, Alper; Kavdır, YaseminThe acidic mining lakes have low pH values and high metal and metalloid concentrations. In this study, the ability of low-cost olive oil solid waste (OSW) to remove Al, As, Cd, Fe, B and Ti ions from aqueous solutions in short term has been evaluated. Adsorption capacities (mg g−1) of OSW (1:5–1:10 w/v) were 764.06–411.75 for Al, 0.26 for As, 0.07–0.14 for Cd, 2181.5–2406.5 for Fe, 23.70–82.50 for B and 0.12–0.0.34 for Ti. OSW addition increased acidic mine water (AMW) pH from 2.41 to 3.2 with 1:5 and from 2.41 to 2.7 to 1:10 mixing ratio, respectively, after 10 min. The best gradual decrease has been observed with different ratio of OSW applications on B and Ti concentrations. OSW adsorbs 32.41% and 62.68% of B at the ratio of 1:5 and 1:10 and 55.29% and 83.04% of Ti at the ratio of 1:5 and 1:10 (OSW:AMW) mixtures, respectively. The results show that OSW has great potential for metal removal from acidic mine water.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 1Hybrid Control of a 3-D Structure by Using Semi-Active Dampers(Springer Verlag, 2014) Turan, GürsoyA base isolated three storey 3-D building is semi-actively controlled not to exceed the maximum allowable base displacement. Large displacements are likely to cause failure in the isolation system, and hence, failure in the superstructure is expected. If a base isolated structure is positioned next to a very long fault line, such as the North Anatolian Fault, the structure will mostly undergo far field type excitations. Near field effects will be seen less occasionally, but design considerations should be made to account for both types of excitations. In case of nearby seismic action, the isolated building should be smart enough to modify its isolation impedance to resist against large ground displacement and velocities. For this study, an isolated three storey building model together with four dampers, which are all placed at the base level, is considered. The dampers have controllable orifices (damping coefficients) and the magnitudes of these damping coefficients are assigned by using a linear quadratic regulator (LQR). During an earthquake excitation, the storey displacements and velocities are used as feedback in the calculation of the optimal control force that is producible by viscous dampers, at each time step. This force, however, is applied only at times when critical displacements and/or velocities occur. The performance of the set of controllers is presented via time simulations of the system for three recorded earthquakes. In addition, these records are time shifted five folds to see the effect of near field action. The results indicate that the control effectively reduces the maximum displacements of the isolation system, while maintaining a reasonable isolation to the superstructure.