WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / WoS Indexed Publications Collection
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7150
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Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Airborne and Dust-Bound PBDEs Indoors and Outdoors in Izmir, Türkiye: A Multi-Route Exposure - Risk Assessment(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2025) Genisoglu, Mesut; Edebali, Ozge; Sofuoglu, Aysun; Turgut, Cafer; Sofuoglu, Sait C.Phased-out flame retardants, e.g., polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), persist in environmental media due to their resistance to degradation and ongoing emissions from PBDE containing materials and industrial activities. This study addresses a notable data gap in a unique setting, i.e., & Idot;zmir, T & uuml;rkiye, by investigating PBDE levels at homes, schools, and caf & eacute;/bar/restaurants, and assessing exposure and associated health risks. Indoor and outdoor air and dust samples were collected from rural, suburban, and urban areas. Exposure through ingestion, dermal absorption, and inhalation routes, and associated chronic-toxic and carcinogenic risks were estimated with Monte Carlo Simulation. Despite having been phase-out, house-dust Sigma BDE concentrations remained prevalent with average levels of >2000 ng/g in schools and homes, while outdoors they were <500 ng/g. BDE-209 was the predominant congener with an indoor air concentration of 486 pg/m(3) in schools and 56.7 pg/m(3) in homes. BDE-209 contributed 83.5-90.4 % of the indoor air Sigma BDE concentration in schools, while in homes this contribution ranged from 70.8 to 75.8 %. Aggregate exposure estimates show the predominant PBDE congener, BDE-209, was primarily exposed by accidental ingestion (58.6 %) followed by dermal absorption (21.9 %) and inhalation (19.5 %). Chronic-toxic risk (CTR, for BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-153, and BDE-209) and carcinogenic risk (CR, for BDE-209) for the ingestion and dermal absorption routes indicated that house-dust and indoor-air PBDE exposures are not found to be considerable for human health. However, the contribution of inhalation route to the aggregate exposure of BDE-28, BDE-47, BDE-100, BDE-99 (87.0 %, 60.5 %, 54.3 %, and 57.3 %, respectively) may indicate the evermore PBDE exposure by inhalation for lower brominated congeners as they become more significant through environmental debromination of the predominant BDE-209.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Exposure To Fumes of a Vegetable Margarine for Frying: Respiratory Effects in an Experimental Model(American Chemical Society, 2023) Cimrin, Arif H.; Alpaydin, Aylin Ozgen; Ozbal, Seda; Toprak, Melis; Yılmaz, Osman; Uluorman, Funda; Ergur, Bekir Uğur; Gürel, Duygu; Sofuoğlu, Sait CemilDeep frying is one of the strongest emission sources into indoor air. A vegetable margarine has recently been used in commercial kitchens. This study investigated the respiratory effects of exposure to its fumes in an experimental model. A setup with glass chambers was constructed. A chamber housed a fryer. The fumes were transported to the other chamber where 24 Wistar albino rats were placed in four randomized groups: acute, subacute, chronic, and control for the exposure durations. PM10 concentration in the exposure chamber was monitored to ensure occupational levels were obtained. Sacrification was performed 24 h after exposure. Lung, trachea, and nasal concha specimens were evaluated by two blinded histologists under a light microscope with hematoxylin–eosin. Mild mononuclear cell infiltration, alveolar capillary membrane thickening, alveolar edema, and diffuse alveolar damage, along with diffuse hemorrhage, edema, and vascular congestion in the interstitium were observed in the acute and subacute groups, and were overexpressed in the chronic group, whereas normal lung histology was observed in the control group. The results indicate that exposure to fumes of vegetable margarine for frying in commercial kitchens may cause pulmonary inflammation that becomes severe as the duration of the exposure increases.Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 9The Effect of Military Conflict Zone in the Middle East on Atmospheric Persistent Organic Pollutant Contamination in Its North(Elsevier, 2023) Ayrı, İlknur; Genişoğlu, Mesut; Sofuoğlu, Aysun; Kurt Karakuş, Perihan B.; Birgül, Askın; Sofuoğlu, Sait CemilThis study aimed to investigate long-range atmospheric transport of selected POPs released due to the effects of mili-tary conflicts in regions to the south of Turkey's borders. Ten locations were selected to deploy passive air samplers at varying distances to the border on a southeast-west transect of the country, proximity-grouped as close, middle, and far. Sampling campaign included winter and transition months when desert dust transport events occur. Hypothesis of the study was that a decreasing trend would be observed with increasing distance to the border. Group comparisons based on statistical testing showed that PBDE-183, E45PCB, and dieldrin in winter; PBDE-28, PBDE-99, PBDE-154, p,p '-DDE, E14PBDE, and E25OCP in the transition period; and PBDE-28, PBDE-85, PBDE-99, PBDE-154, PBDE-190, PCB-52, E45PCB, p,p '-DDE, and E25OCP over the whole campaign had a decreasing trend on the transect. An analysis of concen-tration ratio to the background showed that long-range atmospheric transport impacted the study sites, especially those of close group in comparison to the local sources. Back-trajectory analyses indicated that there was transport from the conflict areas to sites in the close-proximity group, while farther sampling locations mostly received air masses from Europe, Russia, and former Soviet Union countries, followed by North Africa, rather than the military con-flict areas. In consequence, decrease in concentrations with distance and its relation to molecular weight through pro-portions, diagnostic ratios, analysis of concentration ratio to the background, and back-trajectory analyses support the effect of transport from the military-conflict area to its north.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 6Halogenated By-Products in Chlorinated Indoor Swimming Pools: a Long-Term Monitoring and Empirical Modeling Study(Amer Chemical Soc, 2023) Genişoğlu, Mesut; Minaz, Mert; Tanacan, Ertaç; Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil; Kaplan-Bekaroğlu, Şehnaz Şule; Kanan, Amer; Ateş, NurayMonitoring the disinfection process and swimming pool water quality is essential for the prevention of microbial infections and associated diseases. However, carcinogenic and chronic-toxic disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed with reactions between disinfectants and organic/inorganic matters. DBP precursors in swimming pools originate from anthropogenic sources (body secretions, personal care products, pharmaceuticals, etc.) or chemicals used in pools. Temporal (48 weeks) water quality trends of trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), haloacetonitriles (HANs), and halonitromethanes (HNMs) in two swimming pools (SP-A and SP-B) and precursor-DBP relationships were investigated in this study. Weekly samples were taken from swimming pools, and several physical/chemical water quality parameters, absorbable organic halides (AOX), and DBPs were determined. THMs and HAAs were the most detected DBP groups in pool water. While chloroform was determined to be the dominant THM compound, dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid were the dominant HAA compounds. The average AOX concentrations were measured to be 304 and 746 mu g/L as Cl- in SP-A and SP-B, respectively. Although the amount of AOX from unknown chlorinated by-products in SP-A did not vary temporally, a significant increase in unknown DBP concentrations in SP-B was observed over time. AOX concentrations of chlorinated pool waters were determined to be an important parameter that can be used to estimate DBP concentrations.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 10Removal of Pesticide Residues From Apple and Tomato Cuticle(Springer, 2023) Tari, Vinaya; Yalçın, Melis; Turgut, Nalan; Gökbulut, Cengiz; Mermer, Serhan; Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil; Turgut, CaferPesticide residues are always an unsolved problem in the world despite all kinds of prevention measures. The present research work is based on a scientific hypothesis, i.e., The removal of average pesticide residue is inversely proportional to the thickness of cuticle. The effects of boron-containing products and plant-based surfactants were tested for the removal of five pesticides (lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorpyrifos, diflubenzuron, metaflumizone, acetamiprid) on tomatoes and apples. Boron-containing products were able to remove the pesticide residues on average between 58.0 and 72.6% in tomatoes and 33.2-58.8% in an apple. While plant-based surfactants removed residues on average between 58.5 and 66.6% in tomatoes and 41.0-53.2% in an apple. The highest removal rate was 72% with etidot at 1%. The solution of 1% C8-C10 provided 66.6% average removal for tomatoes. Less removal was achieved in apples. For an apple, Log K-ow and molecular mass (independent variables) were significant with p < 0.01, and the coefficient of determination (R-2) was > 0.87. However, the multiple linear regression analysis for ground colemanite was significant with R-2 of 0.96. In tomatoes, neither Log K-ow nor molecular mass as significant. The correlation was found between the physical and chemical properties of pesticides, but it is estimated that the thickness of the cuticle is effective in removing pesticides.Article Citation - WoS: 10Citation - Scopus: 14Indoor Environmental Quality in Naturally Ventilated Schools of a Dusty Region: Excess Health Risks and Effect of Heating and Desert Dust Transport(Wiley, 2022) Şahin, Çağrı; Rastgeldi Doğan, Tuba; Yıldız, Melek; Sofuoğlu, Sait CemilIndoor air quality (IAQ) is impacted by polluted outdoor air in naturally ventilated schools, especially in places where both anthropogenic and natural sources of ambient air pollution exist. CO2, PM2.5, PM10, temperature, relative humidity (RH), and noise were measured in five naturally ventilated primary schools in City of Sanliurfa, in a dusty region of Turkey, Southeast Anatolia. Excess risk levels were estimated for particulate matter. Investigation was conducted through an educational year including two seasons in terms of anthropogenic effect, that is, heating/non-heating, and natural effect, that is, desert dust transport/non-dust transport. The median CO2 concentration was measured to be >1000 ppm in all seasons/schools. Temperature and RH fell out of the comfort zone in October-December, during which pollutant concentrations were considerably increased, specifically in November, that heating and dust transport periods coincide. The overall mean indoor PM10 and PM2.5 levels were 58 and 31.8 mu g/m(3), respectively. Risk assessment indicate that both short (incidence of asthma symptoms in asthmatic children) and long-term (prevalence of bronchitis) effects are considerable with 10.9 (2.4-19.6)% and 19.5 (2.2-38.8)%, respectively. The findings suggest that mechanical ventilation retrofitting with particle filtration is needed to mitigate potential negative health consequences on children.Article Citation - WoS: 21Citation - Scopus: 24Phytoremediation of Olive Mill Wastewater With Vetiveria Zizanioides (l.) Nash and Cyperus Alternifolius L.(Elsevier, 2021) Gören, Ayşegül Yağmur; Yücel, Arzu; Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil; Sofuoğlu, AysunOlive Mill Wastewater (OMW) contains high concentrations of contaminants, including organic, nitrogen, and phenolic compounds that are extremely harmful to the environment and human health. The key purpose of this study was to remove total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and phenolic compounds (TP) from OMW using floating wetland planted with Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash (vetiver) and Cyperus alternifolius L. (umbrella palm) species. A total of eighteen floating wetlands were constructed. Twelve tanks were planted with vetiver and umbrella palm while another six tanks were maintained as unplanted controls. Experiments were conducted with wastewater volume of 56 L for 67 days using 5% (OMW-5) and 15% (OMW-15) treatments of OMW in a greenhouse. The highest TOC, TN, and TP removal efficiencies were found to be 95.3 ± 0.01, 82.7 ± 2.55, and 98.8 ± 0.07% in umbrella palm planted OMW-5, while the removal efficiencies were 84.9 ± 0.38, 92.7 ± 0.37, and 38.9 ± 1.97% in vetiver planted OMW-5. Similarly, the TOC, TN, and TP removal efficiencies in OMW-15 were 89.3 ± 0.28, 40.86 ± 1.73, and 96.8 ± 0.18% with umbrella palm and 89.1 ± 0.70, 23.7 ± 1.27, and 92.1 ± 0.41% with vetiver. The plants accumulated trace elements, especially in the roots, with the order of Fe > Mn > Cu > Zn > B > Pb > Cr > Ni > Co > Cd for umbrella palm. The umbrella palm shoot phenol content was found to be 2358 ± 201 and 1421 ± 198 mg/kg in OMW-5 and OMW-15, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that floating wetlands planted with vetiver and umbrella palm species have the potential to be used as a green treatment method to treat diluted high strength OMW.Article Citation - WoS: 18Citation - Scopus: 21Fine and Coarse Particulate Matter, Trace Element Content, and Associated Health Risks Considering Respiratory Deposition for Ergene Basin, Thrace(Elsevier, 2021) Can Terzi, Begüm; Fıçıcı, Merve; Tecer, Lokman Hakan; Sofuoğlu, Sait CemilErgene Basin is located in Thrace, Turkey, where industries are densely populated. This study aimed to determine exposure of people living in Ergene Basin (Corlu and Cerkezkoy) to fine and coarse PM, and its potentially toxic element (PTE) content by considering variation in respiratory airway deposition rates with daily activities and PM particle size by employing deposition models of International Commission on Radiological Protection and Multiple Path Particle Dosimetry. Fine and coarse PM samples were collected daily for a year at points in Corlu and Cerkezkoy representing urban and industrial settings, respectively. A questionnaire survey was conducted in the study area to obtain time-activity budgets, and associated variation was included in the health risk assessment by considering time-activity-dependent inhalation rates. The studied PTEs were Al, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Co, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Se. The mean fine and coarse PM concentrations were measured as 23 and 14 mu g/m(3) in Corlu, and 22 and 12 mu g/m(3) in Cerkezkoy, respectively. The only PTE that exceeded acceptable risk in terms of total carcinogenic risk was Cr. Non-carcinogenic risks of all the PTEs including Cr were below the threshold. The use of deposition fractions in the health risk assessment (HRA) calculations was found to prevent overestimation of health risks by at least 91% and 87% for fine and coarse PM, respectively, compared to the regular HRA. Minor differences in risk between Corlu and Cerkezkoy suggest that urban pollution sources could be at least as influential on human health as industrial sources. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 26Citation - Scopus: 26Multi-Route - Multi-Pathway Exposure To Trihalomethanes and Associated Cumulative Health Risks With Response and Dose Addition(Academic Press Inc., 2019) Genişoğlu, Mesut; Ergi Kaytmaz, Ceyda; Sofuoğlu, Sait CemilCumulative health risk estimation for exposure to mixtures is a current issue, which would present a useful tool for environmental and public health management. Cumulative risks were estimated with response and dose addition methods for individual multi-route - multi-pathway exposure to trihalomethanes and associated carcinogenic toxic risks in Izmir, Turkey. Exposure levels were estimated for ingestion, dermal, and inhalation routes using measured tap water and bottled water THM concentrations. Drinking, showering, hand and dish washing were the considered pathways. THM concentrations in air during the showering were modeled with two-resistance theory using tap water concentration data. The estimated carcinogenic risk levels for ingestion route were in the range of safe (< 10(-6)) to low priority (< 10(-4)), for dermal route all were in the safe zone (< 10(-6)), and for inhalation route were in the range of safe to high priority (> 10(-4)) zones, indicating ingestion and inhalation routes were of similar significance ahead of dermal exposure. Cumulative carcinogenic risks of THM compounds were estimated using simple (response) addition and dose addition using cumulative relative potency factor (CRPF) methods. CRPF method estimated the risks at lower levels compared to the simple addition, which originated from the use two different risk factor values for the index chemical in the method. Cumulative chronic-toxic risks were also assessed, rendering below the threshold risk levels for all routes. This study showed that multi-route - multi-pathway exposure assessment and cumulative risk assessment should together be considered for better environmental and public health management.Article Citation - WoS: 64Citation - Scopus: 78Utilization of Municipal Plastic and Wood Waste in Industrial Manufacturing of Wood Plastic Composites(Springer Verlag, 2020) Başalp, Dildare; Tıhmınlıoğlu, Funda; Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil; İnal, Fikret; Sofuoğlu, AysunIn this study, Wood Plastic Composites (WPCs) were produced from post-consumer bulky wastes of recycled plastic and wood in order to minimize waste, decrease environmental effects of plastics, reserve natural resources, and support circular economy for sustainable production and consumption. Five different types of polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE) based recycled plastics and wood obtained from urban household bulky wastes were used in the production of recycled WPC composites, r-WPCs. Virgin WPC (v-WPC) and r-WPC compounds were prepared with wood flour (WF) and maleic anhydride grafted compatibilizer (MAPP or MAPE) to evaluate the effect of recycled polymer type and compatibilizer on the mechanical properties. It was found that tensile strength properties of r-WPCs produced from recycled PP (r-PP) were higher than that of the r-WPCs produced from mixed polyolefins and recycled PE. r-WPCs containing anti-oxidants, UV stabilizers, and compatibilizer with different WF compositions were produced from only recycled garden fraction PP (PPFGF) to determine the optimum composition and processing temperature for pilot scale manufacturing of r-WPCs. Based on tensile, impact, flexural, and water sorption properties of r-WPC compounds with different formulations, the optimum conditions of r-WPC compounds for industrial manufacturing process were determined. Surface morphology of fractured surfaces as well as tensile, flexural and density results of r-WPC compounds revealed the enhancement effect of MAPP on interfacial adhesion in r-WPCs. r-WPC products (crates and table/chair legs) based on bulky wastes were produced using an injection molding process at industrial scale by using 30 wt% WF-filled r-WPC compound. This study demonstrated that r-WPC compounds from recycled bulky plastic and wood wastes can be used as a potential raw material in plastic as well as WPC industry, contributing to circular economy. Graphic