WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / WoS Indexed Publications Collection
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7150
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Article Legal Aspects for the Conservation of Rural Built Heritage: a Systematic Literature Review(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2025) Ilbey, Zeynep Ozkaya; Yuceer, HulyaPurpose - This study aims to provide a base for the policy-making process of rural built heritage conservation by systematically analysing existing legal aspects and policies in the literature. The primary objective is to help the policy-making process in countries that lack specific guidelines for the conservation of rural built heritage. It is also intended to play a role in the development of existing policies. Design/methodology/approach - The paper undertakes a comprehensive and systematic review of literature through 81 publications pertaining to the legal dimensions of RBH conservation. It processes the data obtained and presents it as bibliometric information utilizing VOS-viewer and Bibliometrix. The literature review results and data are associated with international regulations and documents. As a result, principles that will be helpful to the policy-making process are produced. Findings - The study reveals that interest in the subject has increased since 2018, mainly due to the influence of international charters, documents and developments in the field. The literature review shows that existing laws address the issue broadly rather than focusing directly on RBH. However, current policies, management plans and recommendations referred to in the literature are more closely related to RBH. Nonetheless, notable provisions in laws, international documents and local policies contribute to generating policy principles on the subject. Originality/value - The study fills a gap in the literature by examining RBH conservation from a legal perspective, systematically presenting the relevant literature to researchers, policymakers and other stakeholders in various contexts.Article Efficient Recovery of Linear Predicted Coefficients Based on Adaptive Steepest Descent Algorithm in Signal Compression for End-To Communications(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2025) Kamagara, A.; Kagudde, A.; Atakan, B.The efficiency of recovery and signal decoding efficacy at the receiver in end-to-end communications using linearly predicted coefficients are susceptible to errors, especially for highly compressed signals. In this paper, we propose a method to efficiently recover linearly predicted coefficients for high signal compression for end-to-end communications. Herein, the steepest descent algorithm is applied at the receiver to decode the affected linear predicted coefficients. This algorithm is used to estimate the unknown frequency, time, and phase. Subsequently, the algorithm facilitates down-conversion, time and carrier recovery, equalization, and correlation processes. To evaluate the feasibility of the proposed method, parameters such as multipath interference, additive white Gaussian noise, timing, and phase noise are modeled as channel errors in signal compression using the software-defined receiver. Our results show substantial recovery efficiency with noise variance between 0 and y × 10E − 3, where y lies between 0 and 10 using the modeled performance metrics of bit error rate, symbol error rate, and mean square error. This is promising for modeling software-defined networks using highly compressed signals in end-to-end communications. Copyright © 2025 Abel Kamagara et al. Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Article Citation - WoS: 10Effects of Seismic Activity on Groundwater Level and Geothermal Systems in İzmir, Western Anatolia, Turkey: the Case Study From October 30, 2020 Samos Earthquake(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Uzelli, Taygun; Bilgic, Esra; Ozturk, Bahadir; Baba, Alper; Sozbilir, Hasan; Tatar, OrhanThe October 30, 2020 Samos earthquake (Mw 6.6) affected the Aegean Sea and environs, caused destruction and loss of life in the city of & Idot;zmir located 70 km away from the earthquake epicenter. Before this earthquake, water resources were monitored in the areas of Bayrakl & imath;, G & uuml;lbah sigma e, and Seferihisar. For this purpose, 10 groundwater monitoring wells were drilled in the Bayrakl & imath; area, where groundwater level, temperature, and electrical conductivity changes were monitored at 1-h intervals in 5 wells. Besides physical parameters such as groundwater levels, temperatures and electrical conductivities, hydrogeochemical cations, and anions measured in the study area. Change in the groundwater levels was observed before, during, and after the Samos earthquake. A trend of rising groundwater level was observed two days before the mainshock, to a height of 10 cm, and the level was maintained till the end of the earthquake. The water levels returned to its original height after about 7 to 10 days of the earthquake. Moreover, electrical conductivity (EC) values were changed because of the interaction with the surrounding rocks and well walls, mixing with different waters during the earthquake shaking. The essential anomalies were observed in the geothermal fields of G & uuml;lbah sigma e and Seferihisar. Due to this earthquake, new geothermal springs emerged along the NE-SW trending G & uuml;lbah sigma e and Tuzla faults, located about 50 to 20 km from the Samos earthquake epicenter, respectively. The new geothermal waters are in Na-Cl composition and similar to other geothermal springs in the region. While the recorded water temperatures in the new geothermal springs vary from 40 to 45 degrees C in Seferihisar, it was measured between 35 and 40 degrees C in G & uuml;lbah sigma e. Due to these anomalies, it is found essential to monitor the effect of the earthquake on the physical and chemical characteristics of the groundwater and its usefulness in earthquake predictions.Article Citation - Scopus: 1Anomalous Crustal Structure Beneath the Örenli-Eğiller Depression Zone, Inferred From Magnetotelluric Studies, Western Anatolia, Türkiye(TÜBİTAK - Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, 2024) Chandrasekharam, Dornadula; Raju, K.; Subba Rao, P.B.V.; Baba, AlperIn Türkiye, the prevalence of high radiogenic granites makes them ideal locations for initiating enhanced geothermal system (EGS) projects. One such occurrence of these granites is observed in the Kozak area of the Bergama region. To assess the energy potential of this site, a magnetotelluric (MT) survey was conducted, focusing on determining the depth distribution of the intrusive granite. The survey employed dimensionality analysis, utilizing Bahr skew and phase tensor analyses that denote a 2D subsurface nature up to 100 s and beyond that a 3D nature. In the present study, we interpreted MT data up to 100 s. The data collected, including rotated impedance tensors and tippers, were inverted using a nonlinear conjugate gradient algorithm integrated into the MT interpretation software of the WinG Link 2D inversion data modeling package. Multiple homogeneous half-space initial models were tested during the 2D inversion process. The findings indicate the existence of a midcrustal conductor associated with graphites and iron sulfides in the source region. This conductivity may be attributed to processes such as exsolution of metamorphic fluids, influx of mantle sources, or the entry of magmatic fluids through transcrustal fault zones. The findings indicate that the intrusive granite was emplaced along a NE–SW major fault, penetrating shallow crustal levels. The depth of this granite intrusion is determined to be 15 km, covering an outcrop area of 60 km². This detailed geological information allows a comprehensive assessment of the power-generating capacity of the intrusive granite. The results of this investigation contribute valuable insights for the development and optimization of Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) projects in the region. © 2024, TUBITAK. All rights reserved.Article Investigation of Earth Dam Filter Performance Under Static and Dynamic Loading Conditions(Amer Soc Testing Materials, 2024) Valizadeh, Hadi; Ecemis, Nurhan; Leclerc, Rabia Zeynep SaricaErosion -induced piping is the primary cause of failure in embankment dams' ' bodies and foundations. The filter is a principal part of an earth dam, owing to the crucial role of this layer in protecting the clayey core from erosion. Erosion is the process by which soil particles migrate due to an interior fluid flow and is recognized as a significant hazard for earthen constructions. Designing a proper filter -soil system can regulate and seal undesirable cracks that may form in the impermeable core due to nonuniform settlements, extreme water levels, or earthquakes. In this study, a No -Erosion Filter (NEF) test device, which still seems to be the most reliable filtersoil system design, has been adapted to evaluate the performance of the filter sand of two dams under static and dynamic loading conditions. The outcomes were compared with the several filter design criteria in the literature, and it was found that the filter's design approach using the available criteria may not always align with the NEF test results. Therefore, a precise understanding of fluid-particle -particle interactions is necessary to design and operate earth dam filters. The dynamic excitation can change hole pressure distribution and cause erosion even after steady-state conditions under static situations. Consequently, the effectiveness of filters under static conditions does not necessarily translate to satisfactory performance when exposed to dynamic loading.Article Citation - Scopus: 3Evaluation of Gis-Based Spatial Interpolation Methods for Groundwater Level: a Case Study of Türkiye(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2024) Kırçiçek, Nilüfer Tirol; Baba, Alper; Koçbay, Ayhan; Toklu, Murat MertGroundwater is a valuable and universally distributed resource on Earth. Understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of groundwater is of utmost importance for effective management. Normally, groundwater levels are recorded at arbitrary points, but groundwater modeling requires interpolating the measured values at specific grid nodes. This study aims to dentify and evaluate the geographical variations of groundwater levels in Türkiye using three geostatistical interpolation techniques. Data from 355 groundwater wells from 1970 to 2019 were used for this purpose. In addition, an investigation of changes in annual average temperature and precipitation was conducted for two different time periods: 1985–2000 and 2001–2016. The results show an increase in the annual average temperature in Türkiye by 0.82 °C during the reference period (1985–2000). Despite regional differences in the precipitation regime, the average annual precipitation in Türkiye has not changed significantly overall. Especially in the Meriç-Ergene, Konya Closed (Konya Kapalı), and Euphrates-Tigris basins, a significant decrease in groundwater levels was observed, even though this decrease is less than 100 m in some wells. After a comprehensive analysis of all these data, possible explanations for the changes in groundwater levels were considered.Article Stochastic 1-D Reactive Transport Simulations To Assess Silica and Carbonate Phases During the $co_2$ Reinjection Process in Metasediments(TÜBİTAK - Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, 2024) Erol, SelçukOne proposed method to mitigate carbon emission is to mineralize the $CO_2$ in deep geothermal reservoirs while mixing the coproduced CO2 with the effluent fluid for reinjection. The injection fluid temperature fluctuates due to the mixing process between CO2-charged water and the effluent fluid, and compressor interruptions change the thermodynamic conditions that influence the fluid- rock interaction in the reservoir. Mineral dissolution or precipitations are associated with changes in permeability and porosity that affect the flow and, eventually, the lifespan of the reservoir. A combined stochastic–reactive transport simulation approach is useful for inspection purposes. Moreover, the stochastic algorithm validates the deterministic reactive transport simulation and demonstrates the time evolution of a chemically reacting system in the reservoir. This study examines a range of injection temperatures between 80 °C and 120 °C to evaluate silica and calcite precipitation along a flow path. One-dimensional (1-D) reactive transport and compartment- based stochastic reaction-diffusion-advection Gillespie algorithms are carried out. The 1-D model represents a reservoir feed zone of around 2300 m. Two common metasediment rock types are evaluated for inspection. The first one is the muscovite schist, which has approximately 60% quartz, and the second is the quartz schist, consisting of roughly 90% quartz. The stochastic method can be applied more effectively if the chemical system is completely defined with proper reaction rates as a function of temperature. The mixing ratio of the coproduced $CO_2$ over the effluent fluid is around 0.0028. Simulation results show that $CO_2$ is partially sequestrated as calcite within the first 10 m of the entrance to the reservoir and plugs the pores completely in the muscovite schist scenario. Chalcedony and α-cristobalite precipitate as secondary minerals evenly along the flow path. $CO_2$ injection into a quartz schist layer is more appropriate for geochemical interactions below 120 °C.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 2Spatial Analysis of Regional Income Inequality in Eu Countries(Taylor & Francis, 2024) Niknam Khajepasha, Alireza; Gkartzios, MenelaosThis article analyses regional convergence and the diminishing regional disparities within the EU27 from 2000 to 2019. It assesses the impact of income fluctuations on regional inequality by employing secondary analysis of income per capita indicators across NUTS 3 level regions. The article provides a quantitative assessment of regional income inequality, encompassing the most prevalent instruments used in the analysis of inequality data. In particular, it determines EU regional disparities using constructed Theil, Gini and CV indices exposing a more comprehensive evaluation of regional disparities within the EU. It also examines the nexus between spatial effects on regional income inequality. The findings suggest that EU convergence persists at the NUTS 3 level, albeit at a decelerating pace. We also point to the role of clustering effects among neighbouring regions. Notably, the study highlights the diminishing role of regional clustering due to income inequality during the ongoing convergence process.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 3Automatic Test Sequence Generation and Functional Coverage Measurement From Uml Sequence Diagrams(Igi Global, 2023) Ekici, Nazim Umut; Tuglular, TugkanSequence diagrams define functional requirements through use cases. However, their visual form limits their usability in the later stages of the development life cycle. This work proposes a method to transform sequence diagrams into graph-based event sequence graphs, allowing the application of graph analysis methods and defining graph-based coverage criteria. This work explores these newfound abilities in two directions. The first is to use coverage criteria along with existing tests to measure their coverage levels, providing a metric of how well they address the scenarios defined in sequence diagrams. The second is to use coverage criteria to automatically generate effective and efficient acceptance test cases based on the scenarios defined in sequence diagrams. The transformation method is validated with over eighty non-trivial projects. The complete method is validated through a non-trivial example. The results show that the test cases generated with the proposed method are more effective at exposing faults and more efficient in test input size than user-generated test cases.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 1A Review of the Geothermal System Evolution and Distribution in the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex (türkiye)(TUBITAK, 2023) Şener, M.F.; Öztürk, M.Z.; Baba, A.Türkiye is located in the Mediterranean sector of the Alpine–Himalayan tectonic belt and is among the foremost seven countries in the world having an abundance of geothermal resources. The Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex (CACC) is one of the most important geothermal regions in Türkiye. This study aims to evaluate the geothermal system of CACC using the geological, structural, and hydrogeochemical properties that were obtained from previous studies. The present study investigated and evaluated the hydrogeochemical and isotopic properties of 762 water samples belonging to 45 different localities from 41 scientific studies. The result shows that CACC has different heat sources and different hydrogeochemical processes. Major element chemistry of the water reveals that the geothermal fluids are mostly of the Ca-Mg-HCO3, Na-Cl-HCO3, and Ca-Cl water types. Silica geothermometers suggest that the reservoir temperature ranges from 48 to 180 °C. Based on the δ18O-δD relationship, water samples have a high-altitude meteoric origin. Stable isotopic data indicate that the geothermal fluids are formed by local recharge and deep circulation of meteoric waters. © TÜBİTAK.