Materials Science and Engineering / Malzeme Bilimi ve Mühendisliği
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Article Citation - Scopus: 3A Brief Overview on Geothermal Scaling(General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA), 2023) Isık, Tuğba; Baba, Alper; Chandrasekharam, Dornadula; Demir, Mustafa M.; Isık, Tuğba; Baba, Alper; Demir, Mustafa MuammerHot spring waters are rich in terms of minerals. Since there are dramatic changes in thermodynamic parameters in geothermal power plants, such as a decrease in temperature and pressure, severe precipitation occurs throughout the system components in an uncontrolled manner. There are three main chemistries in deposits: carbonates (mainly calcium carbonates), silicates (metal silicates), and sulphides (antimony sulphide-stibnite). Energy harvesting is remarkably reduced out of the insulating nature of the deposit. Various actions need to be taken to mitigate this undesirable issue of scaling in geothermal systems. Geothermal systems are in fact quite complex, and the composition of brine and, accordingly, the chemistry of the deposit are not identical. Therefore, each system should be studied individually, and a tailor-made remedy should be developed. In this overview, the types of deposits in terms of chemistry and the actions (pH modification or antiscalant dosing) that should be taken to reduce scaling are mentioned, and potential chemistries of antiscalants are given.Research Project Jeotermal Sahalara Yönelik Yüksek Basınç ve Sıcaklık Altında Yapay Metal (fe, Mg) Silikat Eldesi ve Metal Silikat Kabuklaşmasına Yönelik Polimerik İnhibitör Geliştirilmesi(2017) ; Demir, Mustafa Muammerİnsanlığın enerji ihtiyacının her geçen gün artmasıyla, ülkeler yeni enerji kaynakları arayışına girmişlerdir. Ülkemiz de bu anlamda enerji için büyük yatırımlar gerçekleştirmektedir. Jeotermal enerji yenilenebilir bir enerji türüdür. Çok genel itibariyle magmaya yakın ısıtıcı kayaçların fay kırıkları arasındaki mineralce doygun yeraltı sularının ısınması sonucunda eldesi olarak tanımlanabilir. Türkiye, jeotermal enerji sahaları bakımından oldukça zengindir. Jeotermal enerji üretimi konusunda en büyük engellerden bir tanesi metal-silikat kabuklaşmasıdır. Bu kabuklaşma yeraltından çıkan tuzlarca aşırı doymuş akışkanın, hem basıncını hem de sıcaklığını kaybetmesi nedeniyle çözünürlüğünün düşmesi ile oluşmaktadır. Oluşan metal-silikat yapıları bulunduğu rezerve göre farklı kimyasal yapılarda meydana gelebilmektedir. Bu yapılar enerji üretim sahalarında hat borularını tıkamasının yanı sıra ısıl iletkenliği düşürdüğünden enerji eldesi için büyük bir problemdir. Bu proje kapsamında; Tuzla Jeotermal Sahası (Çanakkale) temsili rezerv alanı olarak seçilerek, yüksek sıcaklık ve basınçlı otoklav sistem ile laboratuvar ortamında sahada bulunan jeotermal akışkan ve metal- silikat kabuk yapay olarak sentezlenmiştir. Tuzla jeotermal akışkanı elementel kompozisyonuna yakın sentetik çözelti hazırlanmış ve saha koşullarına benzer koşullarda (140 °C ve 3,5 bar) kabuk sentezi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen katı çökelti ve süzüntü santrifüj yöntemi ile ayrılmıştır. Sıvı faz İndüktif Eşleşmiş Plazma Kütle Spektroskopisi (ICP- MS) ve UV-spektrometre ile analiz edilirken, çökelti (kabuk) Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM), X-ışını Kırınımı Spektroskopisi (XRD), X-ışını Florosans Spektroskopisi (XRF), X-ışını Fotoelektron Spektroskopisi (XPS), Elektron Paramanyetik Rezonans Spektroskopisi (EPR) yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Kabuklaşmanın engellenmesi amacıyla inhibitör özelliği gösterebilecek organik polimerik moleküller sentezlenerek, yapay kabuk sentezi bu moleküller varlığında gerçekleştirilmiştir. İyon derişiminin dekantant içerisinde artması kabuk miktarının azalması inhibitör etkinliğini belirlemektedir. Akrilamid (AM), Vinil Sülfonik Asit (VSA) ve Vinil Fosfonik Asit (VPA) moleküllerinden 3 homo polimer, 3 kopolimer ve 1 ter polimer elde edilerek, bu sistem içerisinde metal-silikat oluşumu üzerinde etkileri incelenmiştir. Sentezlenen polimerlerin yanı sıra PEG ve PVA polimerleri de aynı sistem içerisinde denenerek metal-silikat oluşumu üzerinde etkileri araştırılmıştır. Yapılan tüm polimer kimyası ve dozaj denemeleri sonucunda PEG ve PVSA?nın ortak kullanımının 130 ppm olan silika çözünürlüğünü 420 ppm?e çıkardığı, kabuk miktarını ise kütlece %20 azalttığı görülmüştür.Article Citation - WoS: 7Citation - Scopus: 10Enhanced Light–matter Interaction in a Hybrid Photonic–plasmonic Cavity(Springer, 2021) Gökbulut, Belkıs; İnanç, Arda; Topçu, Gökhan; Özçelik, Serdar; Demir, Mustafa Muammer; İnci, Mehmet NaciStrongly concentrated optical fields around a metal nanoparticle in the close vicinity of a dipole noticeably facilitate dramatic changes in the localized density of states due to hybrid photonic–plasmonic mode couplings as compared to that of the pure cavity mode fields. Significant variations of the field intensity in the presence of the metal nanoparticle elucidate enhanced light–matter interaction in a hybrid structure. The enhancement factor of the light–matter interaction is studied through the single-atom cooperativity parameter, which is directly proportional to the ratio of the fluorescence lifetimes of the off-resonant and on-resonant emission. A compact and cost-effective hybrid device, which includes a microfiber cavity, supporting whispering gallery modes, and a well-defined solid nanostructure, consisting of a gold nanoparticle core, overcoated by a silica shell, and decorated with CdS/CdSe quantum dots, is demonstrated to offer an outstanding potential for the enhancement of light–matter interaction. Surface plasmons of a gold nanoparticle, placed inside a hollow cylindrical nanostructure at the surface of a microfiber, are activated upon excitation of the dipoles of the quantum emitters, which are on-resonance with the whispering gallery mode. Time-resolved experiments demonstrate that the single-atom cooperativity parameter of the quantum dots is enhanced by a factor of about 4.8 in the presence of the gold nanoparticle being simultaneously in strong interaction with the cavity mode field and the metal nanoparticle’s surface plasmons.Correction Correction To: Enhanced Light–matter Interaction in a Hybrid Photonic–plasmonic Cavity(Springer, 2022) Gökbulut, Belkıs; İnanç, Arda; Topçu, Gökhan; Özçelik, Serdar; Demir, Mustafa Muammer; İnci, Mehmet NaciIn this article the statement in the Funding information section was incorrect. The correct Funding information is as follows. ‘Dr Belkıs Gökbulut acknowledges TUBITAK for the financial support provided under Contract Number 120F323’.Article Citation - WoS: 14Citation - Scopus: 16Bodipy-Based Organic Color Conversion Layers for Wleds(Elsevier, 2020) Yüce, Hürriyet; Güner, Tuğrul; Dartar, Suay; Kaya, Beraat Umur; Emrullahoğlu, Mustafa; Demir, Mustafa MuammerThe usage of organic dyes in phosphor conversion layer of WLED is an attractive approach since they have high molar extinction coefficient and photostability. Various types of organic pigments have been employed for this purpose such as BODIPY, perylene diimide, Rhodamine B, pyrene, Nile red, etc. Among those, BODIPY-based organic dyes appear to be promising candidate for white light generation. In this work, for the first time, red and green emitting BODIPY-based organic molecules have been used as colour conversion layer. These molecules were associated with PMMA in DMF solution and the resulting solution was subjected to electrospinning. Colorful electrospun mats were embedded into PDMS matrix and their free-standing PDMS composite films were used as color conversion layers over blue LED to produce white light such that CRI of 95 and CCT of 4200 K was achieved. These values show that BODIPY-based organic molecules containing fiber composites are promising candidates to be used as color conversion layers for white light applications.Article Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 6Testing the Performance of Various Polymeric Antiscalants for Mitigation of Sb-Rich Precipitates Mimicking Stibnite-Based Geothermal Deposits(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2020) Çiftçi, Celal; Karaburun, Emre; Tonkul, Serhat; Baba, Alper; Demir, Mustafa Muammer; Yeşilnacar, Mehmet İrfanScaling is frequently observed in geothermal fields and reduces the energy harvesting of power plants. Recently, Sb-rich deposits have developed in many fields around the world. Various polymeric macromolecules have been used as antiscalants to mitigate the formation of scale. Testing potential commercial antiscalants in field conditions is a tedious and costly process. The artificial synthesis of geothermal deposits in the lab is a more practical and economical way to test the performance of antiscalants. This study obtained a Sb-rich deposit by refluxing SbCl3 and Na2S center dot 3H(2)O in 18 h. The product was found to be a mixture of Sb2O3 and Sb2S3. We examined the performance of antiscalants such as poly(ethylene glycol), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), Gelatin, and poly(vinyl alcohol) of various molecular weights at 5 to 100 ppm. The formation of Sb2S3 is suppressed in the presence of the polymeric antiscalants. The dosage was found to be critical for the solubilization of Sb-rich deposits. Gelatin of 5 ppm showed the highest performance under the conditions employed in this study. While low dosages improve the concentration of [Sb3+], high dosages are required to increase the solubility of [S2-]. Moreover, the amount of deposit is reduced by 12.4% compared to the reference (in the absence of any polymeric molecules). Thus, comparatively, Gelatin shows the most promising performance among the molecules employed.Article Citation - WoS: 36Citation - Scopus: 39Recent Developments of Colorimetric Mechanical Sensors Based on Polymer Composites(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2020) İnci, Ezgi; Topçu, Gökhan; Güner, Tuğrul; Demirkurt, Merve; Demir, Mustafa MuammerColorimetric mechanical (force, pressure, strain, and impact) sensors allow naked-eye visualization of existing structural deformations of a system occurring upon application of a mechanical action. The combination of mechanochromic materials with polymers offers a practical approach to designing and fabricating these sensors. Polymers as matrices can tolerate a wide range of forces and permits reusability of the sensors. On the other hand, mechanochromic materials provide unique colour properties depending on the type of mechanical action. They have also been frequently employed for the quantification of mechanical forces. As an example, non-centrosymmetric crystals are combined with polymers for sensing impact forces. Structures with photoluminescence and scattering and plasmonic resonances can be used to fabricate strain and pressure responsive composite materials, respectively. This study reviews recent advances in colorimetric mechanical sensor systems prepared using polymers and inorganic and organic mechanochromic materials working under a wide range of forces.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 3Green Fabrication of Lanthanide-Doped Hydroxide-Based Phosphors: Y(oh)(3):eu3+ Nanoparticles for White Light Generation(Beilstein-Institut Zur Forderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften, 2019) Güner, Tuğrul; Kuş, Anılcan; Özcan, Mehmet; Genç, Aziz; Şahin, Hasan; Demir, Mustafa MuammerPhosphors can serve as color conversion layers to generate white light with varying optical features, including color rendering index (CRI), high correlated color temperature (CCT), and luminous efficacy. However, they are typically produced under harsh synthesis conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and/or by employing a large amount of solvent. In this work, a facile, water-based, rapid method has been proposed to fabricate lanthanide-doped hydroxide-based phosphors. In this sense, sub-micrometer-sized Y(OH)(3):Eu3+ particles (as red phosphor) were synthesized in water at ambient conditions in <= 60 min reaction time. The doping ratio was controlled from 2.5-20 mol %. Additionally, first principle calculations were performed on Y(OH)(3):Eu3+ to understand the preferable doping scenario and its optoelectronic properties. As an application, these fabricated red phosphors were integrated into a PDMS/YAG:Ce3+ composite and used to generate white light. The resulting white light showed a remarkable improvement (approximate to 24%) in terms of luminous efficiency, a slight reduction of CCT (from 3900 to 3600 K), and an unchanged CRI (approximate to 60) as the amount of Y(OH)(3):Eu3+ was increased.Article Citation - WoS: 50Citation - Scopus: 58Chemically Modified Optical Fibers in Advanced Technology: an Overview(Elsevier, 2019) Shukla, S. K.; Kushwaha, Chandra Shekhar; Güner, Tuğrul; Demir, Mustafa MuammerIn recent years, chemically modified optical fibers have widely used for development of several advanced chemical and biosensors, biomedical technology and environmental monitoring. The chemically modified optical fiber bears several valuable properties like energy loss, catalytic behaviour, refractive index, and mechanical strength to advance the optical fiber technology. In this article, we reviewed the chemically-modified optical fiber and their applications in different optical fiber-based technologies. The basics of optical fiber and their modification are discussed along with the adopted methodologies. The advancements in different optical fiber based technologies viz sensing, imaging, tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, photodynamic therapy, optogenics, surgery and environmental monitoring are discussed in the light of the contribution of chemically modified optical fibers. In conclusion, success and challenges for the use of chemically modified-optical fiber are presented on the basis of existing literature.Article Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 4Color-Tunable All-Inorganic Cspbbr3 Perovskites Nanoplatelet Films for Photovoltaic Devices(American Chemical Society, 2019) Özcan, Mehmet; Özen, Sercan; Topçu, Gökhan; Demir, Mustafa Muammer; Şahin, HasanHerein, we demonstrate a novel coating approach to fabricate CsPbBr3 perovskite nanoplatelet film with heat-free process via electrospraying from precursor solution. A detailed study is carried out to determine the effect of various parameters such as ligand concentration, electric field, flow rate, etc. on the optical properties. By controlling the volume ratios of the oleylamine (OAm) and oleic acid (OA), the coalescing and thickness of the resulting nanoplatelets can be readily tuned that results in control over emission in the range of 100 nm without any antisolvent crystallization or heating processes. The varying electrical field and flow rate was found as inefficient on the emission characteristics of the films. In addition, the crystal films were obtained under ambient conditions on the ITO coated glass surfaces as in the desired pattern. As a result, we demonstrated a facile and reproducible way of synthesizing and coating of CsPbBr3 perovskite nanoplatelets which is suitable for large-scale production. In this method, the ability of tuning the degree of quantum confinement for perovskite nanoplatelets is promising approach for the one-step fabrication of crystal films that may enable the use in optoelectronics.