Phd Degree / Doktora

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/2869

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Access Right: Open AccessAuthor: search.filters.author.İpekoğlu, Başak

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  • Doctoral Thesis
    Thermal Retrofitting on Traditional Building With Exterior Hall (sofa): Urban and Rural Houses of Muğla
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Timur, Barış Ali; İpekoğlu, Başak; Başaran, Tahsin
    Sustaining functional continuity of historical buildings is a commonly acknowledged conservation strategy and thermal retrofitting interventions applied on these buildings has complemental potentials to this strategy as these interventions can be designed to increase the thermal satisfaction of occupants. The aim of this thesis is to examine the thermal behavior of a common historical building type in Anatolia, the traditional houses with exterior hall, and to determine enhancement potentials of possible thermal interventions which will not cause loss of heritage values. Method of the study consists of on-site thermal measurements and transient thermal analysis of case studies utilizing the software DesignBuilder. Case studies were selected from both urban and rural sub-settlements of Muğla City in order to detect possible effects of prevailing microclimates. With the results obtained, it was demonstrated the retrofitting interventions of thermal insulation works in roofs and floors between storeys, airtightness measures, addition of secondary glazing to window frames and the addition of closed circulation corridors provide significant improvements in thermal performance of the cases. According to simulation analyses, it was specified that these interventions would save 38.0% of the total building energy use in the urban and 49.4% in the rural subsettlements. These improvement percentages can even be increased to more than 80% when the integration of a new HVAC system such as ground-source heat pump is implemented. Consequently, it was determined the traditional houses with exterior hall have significant potentials for thermal enhancements which renders the application of thermal interventions as a capable conservation strategy.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    Long-Term Protection Efficiency of Biodegradable Polymer Treatments on Limestone
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Kaplan, Zişan; Böke, Hasan; Sofuoğlu, Aysun; İpekoğlu, Başak
    Synthetic polymers can be replaced by biodegradable ones as adhesive, water repellents and consolidants in stone conservation to preserve historic buildings from further deterioration. In this study, the long-term stabilities of two biodegradable polymers, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and poly-l-lactide (PLA) and an acrylic polymer (Paraloid B72), which are commonly used in conservation works of artefacts, were evaluated on limestone through an UV lamp-weathering chamber. Chemical and morphological changes induced by accelerated weathering test were followed by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. The protection efficiencies of the polymers were determined by following the changes in the color, capillary water absorption and static contact angle on the limestone surfaces in accordance with CEN standards developed by the European Committee of Standardization (CEN) for conservation of cultural property. PHB, PLA and Paraloid B72 coatings significantly increased hydrophobicity, decreased capillary water absorption and caused negligible change in the color of the limestone. All polymers showed chemical, physical and optical changes under accelerated weathering conditions. Paraloid B72 decomposed by the reduction of molecular weight, decomposition of ester group and formation of gamma lactones and hydro peroxides. PHB and PLA decomposed with formation of CO2 and hydro peroxide, hydrolysis of ester groups and reduction of the molecular weight. Chemical changes cause to etching, holes, voids, cracks and slight color differentiations on the coatings by chain scission, breaking of polymer bonds and formation of volatile gaseous products. Protection efficiencies of the PLA and PHB polymers almost same as that of the widely used acrylic polymer Paraloid B72. However, PLA and PHB seem to be promising polymers as protective agents due to their reversibility and biodegradability, low chromatic changes, good hydrophobic behavior and good stability to weathering in reducing the effects of outdoor exposure on limestone surfaces.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    Critique of Legislation by Scientific-Technical Criteria: Toward Classification of Cultural Properties in Turkey
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2007) Marmasan, Önder; İpekoğlu, Başak
    The subject of the study is the contemporary conservation of immovable cultural properties. Eminent charters and conventions from the issue of Venice Charter to the present which show technical and legal quality were examined to determine the changes in time. As the study area physically limited with Turkey, immovable cultural properties that were conserved, investigated at Turkish legal texts and acts in force. Aim of the study is to investigate a systematic approach to fix the immovable cultural properties that show some kind of characteristics and applicable within the conditions and potentials of the country. Samples of immovable cultural properties were selected by examination of local geographical magazines, folkloric researches, experiences and official correspondence in addition to identifications at legal texts. During the study (i) some of the administrative institutions. awareness about the troubles of fixing immovable cultural properties (ii) essence of a systematic way defining immovable cultural properties (iii) presence of considerable number of folkloric research resources that show the relation between traditions and physical environment (iv) conflicts at fixation and registration decisions about identical immovable properties and absence of conservation policy that depends on technical and legal basis (v) absence of a national inventory of immovable cultural properties although there is an insufficient unofficial efforts (vi) a new legal attempt to reorganize the administrative institutions were all observed. The study defined a framework for classification of immovable properties that were left out the official conservation process and generally located at the fringes of settlements or at rural. In this context criteria for classification determined and listed for making investigation of inclusion class for each immovable property. Finally recommendations for reorganization of conservation institutions proposed.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    Architectural Design Characteristics of Protective Structures at Archaeological Sites and Their Impact on Conservation of Remains
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2013) Yaka Çetin, Necmiye Funda; İpekoğlu, Başak
    Protective structures are built to provide long term protection for the immovable cultural heritage against the possible damage that may arise from environmental conditions such as rain, wind and sun as well as the activities of the living like vegetation and uninvited animals. Most of the protective structures have been found to be inadequate to fulfill this purpose and conservation problems were observed on the remains under those structures. The inadequacies are mostly related to the architectural design of the protective structures. The aim of this study is to identify the architectural characteristics which have an impact on protective efficiency and how they are related to the deterioration factors. With this scope, sixteen protective structures that were selected from Turkey and abroad were analyzed through site surveys and literature studies. In order to identify and assess the role of protective structures on creating deterioration factors, this study groups the design characteristics under typology, structural system, roof system, roof material, façade system, façade material, thermal control system and drainage system and the deterioration factors under sources of water, instability of microclimate and the activities of the living. The relationship between these groups were analyzed and evaluated. As a result, the type of the protective structure as a shelter or an enclosure, selection of the design elements such as roof and façade systems as well as the materials, proper application of thermal control systems and drainage systems are the main characteristics of the design that determine the efficiency of the protective structures. The study will make important contributions to the theoretical and practical aspects of the design process of protective structures.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    An Evaluation of Interventions in Architectural Conservation:new Exterior Additions To Historic Buildings
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2005) Yüceer, Hülya; İpekoğlu, Başak
    Due to the physical, functional and/or economic reasons, historical buildings require interventions while adapting them to the contemporary conditions. Although, national laws based on the international charters and congresses signed also by Turkey have determined the frame of these interventions, the approach of the architect is still one of the basic criteria directing the state of a building after restoration. Thus, together with the interpretation of architect the type of intervention varies.As needed today, interventions, a subject for one of the discussions in conservation, were applied by the past cultures when the consolidation, change in functions and enlargement of spaces was required for the important architectural property belonging to their own culture. Most of these historical buildings, which have to be protected according to the contemporary conditions, contain interventions due to restorations in several periods. These interventions are defined as the qualities to be evaluated and to be protected in the conservation process of the historic building. Thus, the contemporary intervention will also be respected as one of the qualities belonging to one of the periods of the building in later restorations. As the scope of interventions may vary from simple repair to reconstruction, it is necessary to limit the subject. In this study, new exterior additions to historic buildings are focused as major interventions to the historic buildings. What is aimed in this study is to determine the consistency of architectural expression in the preservation of original qualities, before and after interventions according to the principles of conservation. The aim is not to direct the architect for the type of intervention, but to derive the criteria which will form a base in his approach for the conservation of the historic building, through the evaluation of example buildings from İzmir. It is also expected that the evaluation of the examples in İzmir as subjects for several discussions held in the media, will offer a different attitude for these discussions.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    A Method for the Analysis of Lot- House Relations in Ottoman Housing Patter
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2011) Saf, Hayriye Oya; İpekoğlu, Başak
    Defining the lot - house relations in the Ottoman housing pattern is significant for determining the authentic settlement characteristics of the pattern. In this context, this study, based on a morphological analysis method, claims the necessity of analyzing the pattern in terms of house-lot related parameters. Geographic Information System (GIS) software has been used for the visualization of analysis results. The aim is to create a set of rules between the house and lot. The inferences to be obtained as a result of this study can be used as a design guide in the field, in which method is to be applied for creating a conservation plan for a project. The study area selected was Edirne Kaleiçi Region. The method was created through a three-phase system. The variables were specified in the first phase; and then analyses that would display the structural relations were determined. The implementation and evaluation phase was the third phase of the method. As a conclusion of examining the lot - house relations within the parameters set, the thesis has identified the morphological relations with respect to the main plan types, sub plan types and lots. On the condition that this method is applied in other cities, it would be possible to comment more on the lot - house relations for the Ottoman house pattern.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    Architectural Characteristics and Construction Techniques of Domes in a Group of Ottoman Baths
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2011) Reyhan, Kader; İpekoğlu, Başak
    In Ottoman bath architecture, domes adjoined in varied numbers and sizes are structural element ensuring dynamic superstructure adjustment exterior and fascinating spatial features involving the interior lighting elements. The examination of cause-effect relationship in the original architectural and constructional characteristics of domes, the main elements of dynamic superstructure adjustment, is significant in terms of pointing out the retention features of construction details. In addition, informed knowledge for the purpose of contributing to conservation works of the baths is necessary to focus on in this dissertation. The aim of the dissertation is to identify the original morphological characteristics, construction techniques and use of materials and to investigate the relationship between architectural and constructional characteristics that involve span, height, thickness, bond types, the number and rows of oculi, the type of transition elements and the height of transition element and the exterior supporting elements of the dome. In this context, the domes of the studied baths were examined in term of construction techniques in superstructure integrality with their supporting elements. In this content; the original morphological characteristics, construction techniques and the use of materials on the Ottoman domes with their supporting elements, transition elements and frame of the domes from outside were examined by the use of conventional method through field survey and were studied in the framework of cause-effect relationships. In addition, statistical analysis methods were used and evaluated in order to examine the relationships between architectural and constructional characteristics of domes. This dissertation is significant in terms of contributing to cover a lack of knowledge in construction systems of domes and transition elements of the public baths for the purpose of constitution of systematic knowledge in leading protection and conservation decisions.