Phd Degree / Doktora
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/2869
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Doctoral Thesis Development of a Telemedicine Platform for Remote Monitoring of Patients(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Tarım, Ergün Alperay; Tekin, Hüseyin Cumhur; Mevsim, VildanTelemedicine supports patients and healthcare professionals to provide remote medical services and to ensure that medical operations, services, and applications. Telemedicine provides mobile health services, doctor-patient communication, relationship and consultation, medical clinic, and operation service for the diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, and rehabilitation by remote health services. In this thesis, telemedicine-based applications and integrated devices are developed to assist in the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment processes of specific diseases. In this regard, a WebRTC-based telemedicine application has been developed to ensure the transfer of health data and doctor-patient communication for monitoring diseases. The developed telemedicine application performance of providing doctor-patient communication and its effect on the management of chronic heart failure disease were examined. Thereupon, medical diagnosis and wearable devices have been developed that can be integrated into the telemedicine application that has been proven for disease monitoring. As part of this study, vital health data, biomarkers, and pathogen analysis were performed by developed devices to diagnose and monitor three chronic diseases, namely sleep apnea, chronic kidney disease, and COVID-19. First, a wearable device platform has been developed that can analyze breathing patterns via diaphragm acceleration and breath temperature and diagnose and monitor sleep apnea. Afterward, electromechanical LOC platforms used for colorimetric determination of serum creatinine levels for the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease by two methods were characterized and presented in detail. Finally, a real-time LAMP-based electromechanical device used to detect SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA has been produced, and a colorimetric rapid test system has been developed and tested for COVID-19 diagnosis. In this way, devices and systems integrated into the telemedicine platform have been developed for use in different diseases and medical applications. With these developed platforms, disease diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation, remote monitoring and patient management are provided with inexpensive, portable, user-friendly, easy-to-use solutions without the need for professional service providers.Doctoral Thesis Development of Magnetic Levitation-Based Sensitive Assays(01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2020) Yaman, Sena; Tekin, Hüseyin Cumhur; Ergon, Mahmut CemMagnetic levitation (MagLev), in which an object is levitated with no support other than magnetic force and buoyancy force, is a powerful tool employed in many applications regarding the characterization of materials, biosensing of macromolecules, separating of cells, and monitoring of cellular events. Levitation of an object in MagLev depends on magnetic susceptibility and density of that object relative to its surrounding medium. In this thesis, MagLev-based miniaturized and affordable assay formats for biomolecule detection and cell separation were investigated. In this regard, a novel biomarker method detection in MagLev was developed using polymer microspheres as three-dimensional (3D) assay surfaces to capture target proteins and magnetic nanoparticles to label the captured target on the microspheres. Levitation heights of the microspheres conjugated to the protein were distinctly different than those of without protein. Thus, the magnetic susceptibility change of microspheres was precisely measured to convert the levitation height of microspheres into protein concentration. The principle developed for a biotinylated target protein was then investigated by designing sandwich immunoassays using model protein biomarkers: mouse immunoglobulin G and human cardiac troponin I. The developed assays enabled a protein detection range of femtogram-microgram per milliliter. In addition to biomolecule detection, using a lensless holographic microscopy-integrated MagLev platform, three different cell lines, bone marrow stem cells (D1 ORL UVA), breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231), and human monocyte cells (U-937), were distinguished based on their density. The results revealed that the methods developed here could contribute to the magnetic MagLev-based sensitive and inexpensive bioanalytical applications.Doctoral Thesis Development of a Plasmonic Biosensor for Detection of Exosomes(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2020) Taykoz, Damla; Bulmuş Zareie, Esma Volga; Tekin, Hüseyin CumhurThe aim of this work was to develop Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) surfaces for quantitative detection of exosomes from different sources. For this aim, gold nanorods (AuNRs) with a mean diameter of 40 nm with an aspect ratio of 2.9 were first synthesized and characterized. The self-assembly of AuNRs on glass wafers were optimized through several experiments. In parallel, PEGylation of cetrimonium bromide (CTAB) stabilized AuNRs was investigated using PEGs with three different molecular weights via LSPR, zeta potential and XPS techniques. PEGylated AuNRs were further self-assembled on silanized microscope slides as confirmed. Surface functionalization of AuNR patterned slides was performed using alkane thiol molecules having carboxylic acid and hydroxyl functional groups and confirmed via XPS, FTIR and zeta potential. Specific antibodies (Ab) were conjugated to the surface following two different methods, i.e. click and NHS/EDC chemistry. To perform click chemistry strategy, ImmuneLink® molecules were conjugated with Abs and the final conjugate was used to functionalize surfaces prepared beforehand using azide bearing molecules. The functionalization procedure was confirmed via XPS FTIR and LSPR spectroscopy. The orientation of the antibodies on the AuNRs patterned surfaces was investigated with LSPR in comparison with conventional EDC/NHS chemistry. The click-chemistry strategy proved to provide conjugation of antibodies through their Fc regions exposing Fab regions better for antigen recognition. Finally, surfaces functionalized with a variety of antibodies were used to detect first a pregnancy-associated protein, PLAP, and then exosomes obtained from human semen samples with pre-determined exosome concentrations. The LoD of the biosensor surfaces was found to be between 103-104 exosomes/mL and 5 ng/mL (0.3 pM) PLAP. Human breast cancer cell culture samples having an unknown concentration of exosomes were further analyzed using the newly developed LSPR biochips and the exosome concentration was determined as 108 exosomes/mL for MCF-7 cell line and 107 exosomes/mL for MDA-MB-231 cell line.