GCRIS

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Development of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markes for Fingerprint Analysis of Turkish Olive (olea Europaea L.) Cultivars and Detection of Adulteration in Turkish Olive Oil
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2015) Uncu, Ali Tevfik; Doğanlar, Sami
Olive (Olea europaea L.) tree and oil are signature figures of the Mediterranean culture. Because of its high economic value, olive oil is extremely vulnerable to fraud. The aim of this study was to develop molecular tests for authenticating cultivar and botanical origin in olive oils. In order to authenticate the botanical origin and detect adulteration, a plastid DNA region was utilized for standardizing a capillary-electrophoresis barcode assay. The performance of the assay was evaluated on series of olive oil : seed oil admixtures. The assay proved successful in identifying seed oils in olive oil down to a limit of 10%. The molecular assay described in this work enables adulteration detection regardless of compositional similarities between the adulterant and adulterated oil species, thus will complement the shortcomings of analytical chemistry approaches. In order to establish a DNA-based identification key to ascertain the cultivar origin of Turkish monovarietal olive oils, short fragments from five olive genes were sequenced for SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) identification. CAPS (Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic DNA) assays were designed for SNPs that alter restriction enzyme recognition motifs. When applied on the oils of 17 olive cultivars, a maximum of five CAPS assays were necessary to discriminate the varietal origin of the samples. Admixture detection threshold of the assays was identified as 20% when tested on olive oil admixtures. The SNP-based CAPS assays developed in this work can be used for testing and verification of the authenticity of Turkish monovarietal olive oils, for olive tree certification, and in germplasm characterization and preservation studies.
Development of Sequence Based Markers for Molecular Genetic Analysis in Sesame (sesamum Indicum L.)
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2015) Uncu, Ayşe Özgür; Frary, Anne
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an orphan crop with most molecular genetic research work done in the last decade. In this study, pyrosequencing was used for the development of genomic SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) markers in sesame. The approach proved successful in identifying 19,816 SSRs, 5727 of which were identified in a contig assembly that covers 19.29% of the sesame genome. As a result of this work, 933 experimentally validated sesame specific markers were introduced, 849 of which are applicable in Sesamum mulayanum, the wild progenitor of cultivated sesame. Using a subset of SSR markers, molecular genetic diversity and population structure of a collection of world accessions were analyzed. Results of the analyses revealed a pattern of gene flow among sesame diversity centers. Taken together with the high rate of genomic marker transferability between S. indicum and S. mulayanum, the results provide molecular genetic evidence for designating the two taxa as cultivated and wild forms of the same species.In related work, a Genotyping By Sequencing (GBS) approach was applied on recombinant inbred lines for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identification and mapping in the sesame genome. As a result, 15,521 SNPs were identified and a high-resolution genetic linkage map was constructed using a core set of selected SNPs (781 SNPs) appropriate for use in linkage analysis. The 15,521 putative SNP markers represent a substantial contribution to the existing pool of sesame-specific markers. The genetic linkage map constructed in this work will enable the identification of loci involved in the genetic control of agriculturally important traits in sesame.

Phd Degree / Doktora

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