Phd Degree / Doktora

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/2869

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  • Doctoral Thesis
    Regional Uneven Development and Liberalisation in Turkey
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2020) Özbolat, Nida Kamil; Avar, Adile
    Liberal economic programmes have been systematically implemented in Turkey since the early 1980s. These programmes aimed to launch a transformation, from import substitution under state direction to export oriented open-market conditions. Following this transformation, economic, political, institutional and spatial structures have drastically changed. Moreover, this process resulted highly uneven in terms of income distribution, both socially and geographically. The objective of this thesis is to analyse the relationships between regional uneven development and liberalisation in the case of Turkey; by doing this, it also contributes to the debates on liberalism through the revision of mainstream approaches by, per contra, drawing on the principles of critical approaches in a comprehensive way owing to the understanding provided by the concepts of 'actually existing neoliberalism', and 'spatiotemporal fixes'. To this end, beside descriptive statistics and well-known inequality indices, empirical analyses including nonspatial and spatial convergence models are applied at the level of NUTS 2. In addition, these analyses are completed through the distribution dynamics approach, which offers insights on the cross-sectional distribution of income. The analyses, on the one hand, report an overall slow convergence between regions; on the other hand, a polarisation issue in the regional pattern is identified in terms of notable gaps between three income levels. Findings indicate that liberal policies have not offered a permanent solution for the issue of uneven development. Therefore, closing regional disparities should be a serious policy concern and economic strategies should be better aligned with spatial/regional policies to address uneven development.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    Public City, Private Interest: Facing the Conflict of Power and Ownership in the Field of Planning Practices in Izmir
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2014) Erkan, Gökhan Hüseyin; Avar, Adile
    This thesis investigates exertion of power in planning processes with special attention to private ownership of urban land and conflict resulting from its negative impacts on urban commons. Research questions and confronts procedural claims of communicative planning ideology by focusing on actual planning practices. Communicative planning ideology is criticized for its universal, idealist and context free prescriptions. Research argues that actions in planning process involve both formal and conventional communicative mechanisms as well as informal, insidious and dubious practices. When private interests based on real estate ownership are concerned actors, their motives, and actions change significantly. Case study focuses on the case of a vacant urban land in the Central Business District of city of İzmir which was once a public property. What makes this land plot unique and interesting to study is that although several plan modifications, two protocols, and two competitions were put into implementation to transform the area into a commercial setting, all these attempts have ended in a spectacular failure. The main narrative of this thesis tells about this process and its failure by focusing on the planning processes. While doing this thesis also provides a criticism of planning theories. It is found that rather than theoretically prescribed forms of communication, strategic and tactical mechanisms of power relations dominate planning processes. It is believed that powerful groups realize their ends by trying all sorts of wiles. This research also aims at identifying these wiles. Findings revealed that there are other actions so influential on both substantive and procedural dimensions of city planning, but they are not acknowledged or simply downplayed by theory. Without a coherent understanding of actual planning practices, establishing and maintaining an effective planning system will have certain drawbacks. This research aims at contributing to efforts for improving spatial planning system in Turkey which is being distorted by rapid privatization and normalized plan modifications by exploring actual planning practices.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    Information Technologies and Urban Sapce Acase Study on Maslak, İstanbul
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2007) Geçer, Feral; Avar, Adile
    The subject of the thesis is to examine the urban transformations that have taken place recently in Istanbul due to the dominant use of information technologies (IT)under the globalization process. Technological developments especially in the Information Technology (IT) and the telecommunications sector, influence cities and urban spaces in social, cultural and physical terms. The study focuses on the impact of IT on urban space transformations and processes in Maslak which has emerged as the new central business district for highly intensive IT user firms via a chronologically based data series.Recently Istanbul is a subject to a new kind of transformation in social,economical and physical structures. There is a new economical system enlarging upon the whole world. The globalized cities, as the capitals of this new economy, form new hinterlands which may not be geographically connected instead, associated via virtual linkages of fiberoptics and satellites of information systems and technologies. As a city strongly influenced by the globalization process which is undeniably armed by IT, Istanbul sticks out in Turkey in the world cities inventory.The problem of the thesis is constituted along the debates between two urban form theories: deconcentration theory and economic restructuring theory. This research examines two fundamental questions. First, which functions that used to be in the city are dispersed from the center and why? Second, which functions prefer urban space and tend to be together creating new kinds of agglomerations in some new places such as Maslak? Indeed, through the findings of the study, it is evidently observed with the presented data that, in the transformation process of Istanbul CBD, there are various factors accompanying the alterations in the urban space other than IT. IT is added to this process as a sidelong factor.