Phd Degree / Doktora
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/2869
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Doctoral Thesis An Inquiry Into Architectural Space in Computational Design Practice(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Öztürk, Kadi̇r; Kasalı, Altuğ; Doğan, Fehmi̇; Kasalı, Altuğ; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyÇağdaş mimari uygulama ve araştırmalarında başat temalardan biri olan sayısal tasarım, mekana ilişkin düşünme biçimimizde köklü değişikliklere yol açmıştır. Sayısal tasarım uygulamaları, mimarlık üretiminde giderek daha baskın hale gelse de mekan hakkında düşünme ve hayal etme biçimimizdeki yansımalarına yönelik derinlemesine çalışmalar hala gerekmektedir. Bu araştırma, sayısal tasarım uygulamaları ile birlikte mekanı kavramsallaştırma biçimimizde yaşanan değişiklikleri sorgulayarak modern mekan anlayışımıza ilişkin nelerin korunduğunu, uyarlandığını veya ihmal edildiğini tartışır. Sunulan çalışma ile sayısal tasarım araçlarını kullanan deneyimli uygulayıcılarla gerçekleştirilen görüşmeler üzerinden mekanla ilgili kavramsallaştırmaların farklı boyutlarının anlaşılması amaçlanmaktadır. Görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler nitel tematik inceleme yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Bu araştırma iki ana soru etrafında şekillenmektedir. Hesaplamalı tasarım pratiğinde mimari mekan nasıl hayal edilir? Prosedürlerin kesin, tanımlayıcı ve kurala dayalı olduğu hesaplamalı tasarım yaklaşımlarında mimari mekan çok katmanlı, tanımlanması ve ifade edilmesi zor bir kavram olarak nasıl ele alınır? Mimari kelime dağarcığına aktarılan sayısal terminoloji, tasarımcıların sadece sözlü ifadelerine değil, aynı zamanda mimari mekan hakkındaki düşüncelerine de hakim olmaktadır. Sayısal tasarım araçlarının, tasarımcıların göz önünde bulundurdukları parametrelerin yanı sıra mekanı hayal ederken onların düşünme biçimleri üzerinde de etkisi olduğu tartışılmaktadır. Buradaki varsayım, birden fazla katman ve anlam barındıran bir kavram olarak mekanın hesaplanabilir değişkenlerinin yanında hesaplanamaz yönleri de olduğu ve sayısal tasarım pratiğinin bu iki yönü nasıl ele aldığını araştırmanın keşfetmeye değer olduğudur. Sayısal düşünce, mekanın ölçülebilir yönlerini düşünmek ve temsil etmek için uygun bir ortam sağlarken, mekanın tarif edilemez ve belirsiz yönleri de hesaplanabilir olanın sınırlarını ortaya çıkarabilir. Mekan kavramının sayısal tasarım teknolojileriyle nasıl yeniden düşünüldüğüne ilişkin bulgular irdelenmeye değerdir.Doctoral Thesis Distributed Expertise of Computational Practices in Architectural Design Teams(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Erbil Altıntaş, Livanur; Kasalı, Altuğ; Doğan, Fehmi̇; Kasalı, Altuğ; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyBu çalışma, bilginin farklı beceri ve bilgi tabanlarına sahip katılımcılar arasında nasıl üretildiğine ve dağıtıldığına, bilginin tasarımcılar, araçlar ve temsiller aracılığıyla her ekip üyesinin rolünü ve görevlerini tanımlamak için nasıl iletildiğine ve odaklanılan bilişsel sistem içindeki etkileşimlerin doğasına odaklanmaktadır. Tez, etnografik yöntemler kullanarak mimari tasarımda hesaplama araçlarını içeren durumları keşfeder ve dağıtılmış bir bilişsel sistemin tasarım ekipleri içinde çok disiplinli işbirliğini nasıl kolaylaştırdığını anlamaya odaklanır. Araştırmanın bir yönü, tasarımcıların işbirliği ortamında hesaplamalı tasarım araçlarını nasıl kullandığını inceler ve bu araçların tesadüfi tasarım keşiflerini nasıl sağladığını anlamayı amaçlar. Ekibin tasarım çözümünü geliştirme süreçlerini ve tesadüf keşifleri nasıl yönettiğini, özellikle sistemde keşif yapıcı bir ortamda birden fazla alternatifin nasıl üretildiğini ve bu durumun keşfin derecesini nasıl etkilediği sunar. İkinci olarak tez, hesaplamalı tasarım uygulamalarında alternatif tasarım seçeneklerinin oluşturulmasını ve değerlendirilmesini ele alır. Ofis ve ekip liderleri, tasarım fikrini ve sürecini ekip katılımcıları, müşteriler ve danışmanlar için daha okunabilir ve şeffaf hale getirmede önemli bir rol oynarlar. Çalışma, tasarım fikirlerinin dağıtılmış bilişsel sistem içinde nasıl temsil edildiğini ve dışa vurulduğunu inceleyerek tasarım sürecini anlamayı amaçlar. Farklı alanlarda uzmanlaşan ekip katılımcıları arasında tasarım sürecinin şeffaflığı ile birlikte doğaçlama yapabilecekleri alanı tanımak önemlidir. Üçüncü olarak, bu çalışma mimari tasarımda hesaplamalı tasarım araçlarının çeşitli yönlerini ve dağıtılmış bilişsel sistemler içinde işbirlikçi süreçlere olan etkilerini inceler. Multidisipliner ekip katılımcıları arasındaki etkileşimleri ve hem dijital hem de dijital olmayan araçların rolünü inceleyerek, çok disiplinli tasarım ekiplerinin tasarım süreçlerini nasıl yönlendirdiğine dair bulgular sunar.Doctoral Thesis Design and Analysis of Deployable Reciprocal Frames(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Korkmaz, Koray; Korkmaz, Koray; Korkmaz, Koray; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyA reciprocal frame (RF) is a type of structure used since early times. It consists of mutually supporting bars that can span large distances greater than the length of the bar. Although there are deficiencies in previous studies, there are movable RFs, but we cannot talk about the existence of a 3-dimensional deployable RF network. This study aims to contribute to the missing knowledge for movable RF fans and develop a deployable RF network. The study has conducted a comprehensive literature review to gain knowledge and identify the deficiencies of RFs. There are many studies about RFs, but it has been observed that very limited research has been done on movable RFs, and some geometric properties have not been made yet. Firstly, missing geometric knowledge has been found, which are the positions and orientations of the joints by using Denavit-Hartenberg parameters. Also, the effect of engagement length on the fan height and base edge is analyzed. A reconfigurable demountable RF fan is created with the obtained geometric knowledge. Then, mobility calculations are made, and kinematic diagrams are drawn for zero, single, and multi degrees of freedom (DoF) triangular, quadrilateral, and pentagonal fans. Their motions are investigated, and 3-dimensional (3d) simulations are generated. A two DoF quadrilateral fan with prismatic and revolute joints is produced. Then the possibilities of assembling the two DoF fans are searched to create a deployable RF network. While the network has a single DoF in the direction of vault curvature, it has multi DoF in the thickness direction. The network takes the form of a roll in its most closed state, and it takes the form of a vault in its most open state. The section of the curvature of the deployable network is the same as the Da Vinci bridge. However, while simple joints were used in the Da Vinci Bridge, revolute and prismatic joints are used in the proposed deployable RF network.Doctoral Thesis Parametric Flow Simulation for Early Design Phase: Case Study of an Urban Regeneration Area in Izmir(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Başaran, Tahsin; Başaran, Tahsin; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyClimate change and its effects on the planning of cities require new dynamics for designing new expansion zones or neighborhood development projects. In conceptual phases, decision-makers, architects, planners, and engineers must consider extreme weather events and increased wind speeds in cities due to climate change to ensure the safety of pedestrians. Proposed building layouts, geometrical parameters, and features should be investigated in an artificial environment to satisfy wind behavior for acceptable conditions. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software provides insight into wind effects on the pedestrian level for the proposed layout of buildings and the surrounding area. This insight can boost the design process without conducting experimental wind tunnel tests. This study aims to assess the impact of building geometry (height, width, length) and building spacings in urban development projects for the safety and comfort of users in pedestrian-level wind environments with CFD simulations. The case area of this study is the first phase of an urban regeneration area in Izmir. The proposed layout is analyzed with prevailing wind speeds and directions to identify the dangerous and comfortable regions around buildings. Sub-configurations of buildings are simulated in CFD software to compare with existing wind tunnel tests for verification and validation. A design proposal with building features is evaluated with validated CFD parameters to examine the impact on pedestrian-level wind speeds. Mean speeds for corresponding comfort and safety limits of categorized human activities are compared to findings to identify suitable locations for these activities around buildings. Design parameters of urban layout; distance between buildings, height, and balconies on facades showed significant effects on pedestrian level wind environment. Building height among these parameters proved to be a decisive feature that should be considered in the early design stages.Doctoral Thesis An Investigation Into Architecture Students' Creative Performance While Using Associative and Rule-Based Reasoning Strategies: Exploring a Dual Process Approach in Design Education(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2021) Doğan, Fehmi; Taneri, Batuhan; Doğan, Fehmi; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of ArchitectureThis study investigates pedagogical strategies of how cognitive aspects of design thinking can be a subject of design education particularly in the first year design education. It focuses on design reasoning and on its two distinct forms as associative and rule-based reasoning. An experimental study composed of three different experiments is conducted to investigate the impact of using certain reasoning strategies on first year design students' creative performance. First experiment indicates that those students who were not directed to use either of the two forms of reasoning performed better. When students are asked to use a specific reasoning strategy in solving a design problem, this might increase students' cognitive load which in turn encumber their creative performance. The second experiment provides insights into the order in which these forms of reasoning can be introduced to students in design studio education. The results indicate that when students first conduct a free exploration of the given design problem before being asked to use one of the reasoning strategies their creative performance is better. It is proposed that familiarization with a given problem freely prepares students for a structured design exploration through either rule-based or associative reasoning strategy. The third experiment investigates the impact of a specially designed instruction to use one of the reasoning strategies. When students are provided with an explicit instruction giving information on two forms of reasoning strategies and their use in design before exploring the design problem on their own, the results demonstrated the utility of providing specific information on these reasoning strategies particularly for associative reasoning strategies. The findings suggest that a dual process approach to design education could be beneficial in developing pedagogical strategies for design learning.Doctoral Thesis Experimental and Numerical Investigation of a Heat Recovery Ventilation Unit With Phase Change Material for Building Facades(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2021) Pekdoğan, Tuğçe; Başaran, Tahsin; Başaran, Tahsin; Tokuç, Ayça; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology; 02. Faculty of ArchitectureThis thesis presents a wall-integrated HRV unit design that stores latent heat thermal energy (LHTES). The system’s performance is tracked through experimental and numerical studies. The experimental tests of the unit took place in a controlled environment, where two HRV units are inside two wall-integrated ducts. The wall divides two conditioned spaces that represent indoors and outdoors. In one set of experiments, the commercially available system that stores sensible heat thermal energy (SHTES) with ceramic block. On another set of experiments, the newly designed LHTES system with the staggered tube bundle that contains phase change material (PCM). SHTES system shows the best performance in 2-minute, supply efficiency is 82% and exhaust efficiency is 67%. LHTES system shows the best performance in 20-minute and supply efficiency is 55% and exhaust efficiency is 30%. Numerical parametric studies on the HRV systems use the commercial CFD software ANSYS-FLUENT. These studies include the detailed flow and heat transfer analyses and the optimum operating times for two systems. As a result of these studies, the CFD results show good agreement with the experimental results. At the end of the thesis, the ability to increase the capacity of the HRV unit with PCM was investigated. In addition, the simulations for different climatic data were studied. According to the results, 12mm longitudinal, 12mm transverse pitch size for the ∅4.76mm tube is the most efficient system with total heat capacity of 45.77kJ. In addition, for different climates simulations, LHTES unit can be used throughout the year in Singapore.Doctoral Thesis An Inquiry Into the Construction of National Memory in the Republican Period: Assembly Buildings of Turkey(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2021) Yılmaz, Ebru; Taraz, Nazlı; Yılmaz, Ebru; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of ArchitectureAt the turn of the 19th century, Anatolian lands witnessed a grandiose change in policy by questioning longstanding Ottoman monarchy. Amongst several steps paced towards a new regime, a series of reforms initiated a comprehensive transformation in political and socio-cultural contexts of the Empire towards a Republic. In pursuit of succeeding regulations, the lands of the Ottoman Empire transformed into the homeland of the Turkish Republic after a long and challenging period. Inherently, such an extensive conversion did not occur all at once but materialized in a completely new manner of mentality actualized in architectural spaces, collective events and mass media of the state. Amongst these operational tools, the assembly buildings of Turkey take a critical position by iconically and officially representing the new Turkish national identity in the urban context from 1920. Grounding on archival evidence and discourse analysis, this study inquires the crucial position of the assembly buildings as memory spaces while actively participating to the construction of Republican identities. In order to understand how the assembly buildings of Turkey carve a special niche for themselves while keeping and representing the collective memory of the state, a thematic approach is proposed upon their concretizations, commemorations and imagery constructions in time. Thus, the inquiry on the physical existences, collective uses and printed representations of the assembly buildings constitute the backbone of this study to understand active role of these three building as memory spaces and meaning storages of the Turkish Republic.Doctoral Thesis A Model for Exploring Legitimization Strategies Used in Architectural Design Competitions(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2021) Kale, Serdar; Kale, Serdar; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyStudying the legitimacy of strategic decision has become one of the topical research areas in management due to the increasing demand for ensuring social acceptability and reliability of organizational decisions. Recently, studies dealing with the built environment have also started to examine legitimacy concerns in detail. This thesis aims to explore the concept of legitimacy in the field of built environment by focusing on architectural practice. The main reason to focus on architectural practice is the controversial approaches that prevail about the legitimacy of architectural actions and decisions. A conceptual model is proposed based on an in-depth analysis of the concepts of legitimacy and strategic decision-making in the context of architectural practice. The proposed conceptual model is validated by analyzing thirty-two architectural design competitions. Pragmatic, moral and cognitive legitimacy strategies are analyzed at different phases of competitions that are guidelines, questions, project and jury reports. Research findings, based on the analysis of competition transcripts through Histogram and K-means clustering methods, provide valuable information to understand the legitimacy strategies of different stakeholders better. The research findings also guide stakeholders to improve their justifications for achieving more reliable, valid and socially accepted design decisions. The proposed research methodology constitutes an effective decision analysis approach to evaluate the legitimacy strategies in the built environment.Doctoral Thesis A Model for Exploring Evolution of Strategic Alliances in Project-Based Industries - the Case of Construction Industry(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2021) Kale, Serdar; Özçekici Olcar, Çisil; Kale, Serdar; 01. Izmir Institute of Technology; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of ArchitectureOrganizations should be flexible and responsive to today's rapidly changing business environment to sustain their long-term competitive advantage. One important alternative to accomplish this is to engage in strategic alliancing with other organizations. This thesis aims to examine the concept of strategic alliances through networks. It proposes a new configurational model that explores the evolution of strategic alliances in project-based industries with a social network perspective. Here, strategic alliances will be analyzed in terms of configurational network characteristics and alliance project-related characteristics they possess. Turkish Contractors' alliance projects will be under investigation to explore the evolution of an alliance network. This study will utilize a mixed-method technique that can rarely found in construction management studies. Social Network Analysis (SNA) and Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) will be combined to strengthen the interpretations of the data and, consequently, give a more holistic view of the alliance network phenomenon in the construction industry.Doctoral Thesis A Model for Prediction of Noise Levels in Open Plan Offices Based on Number of Occupants(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2020) İlal, Mustafa Emre; İlal, Mustafa Emre; 02.02. Department of Architecture; 02. Faculty of Architecture; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyNoise is recognized as one of the largest problems in achieving healthy living environments. It is especially critical in working environments which are designed to encourage occupant interactions. While designing spaces, a noise prediction model would be a useful tool for designers. Models for prediction of noise generated by occupants themselves are few. One that has proven effective was developed specifically for eating establishments considering the Lombard effect. This study focuses on the adaptation of this model to open plan offices. Preliminary measurements were done in two eating establishments, a library study room and an architecture studio confirming the fact that the model is not appropriate for working spaces. Afterwards, measurements were conducted in six open plan offices, based on the measurements, the model parameters were analyzed in detail through optimizations for best-fit. The results indicate that the Lombard slope varies among offices and that spatial density is an indicator of number of simultaneously speaking occupants. For adapting the model to open plan offices, two modifications were proposed: Introduction of a variable representing the interaction level, and a lookup table for determining the number of simultaneous speakers. Interaction level reflects how careful occupants are in the space not to create noise for others. It changes based on the nature of work. The number of simultaneously speaking occupants depend on how close workstations are. The results indicate that with the proposed adaptations, the model is an adequate prediction tool that can be utilized in the design of open plan offices.