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An Inquiry Into the Construction of National Memory in the Republican Period: Assembly Buildings of Turkey
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2021) Taraz, Nazlı; Yılmaz, Ebru
At the turn of the 19th century, Anatolian lands witnessed a grandiose change in policy by questioning longstanding Ottoman monarchy. Amongst several steps paced towards a new regime, a series of reforms initiated a comprehensive transformation in political and socio-cultural contexts of the Empire towards a Republic. In pursuit of succeeding regulations, the lands of the Ottoman Empire transformed into the homeland of the Turkish Republic after a long and challenging period. Inherently, such an extensive conversion did not occur all at once but materialized in a completely new manner of mentality actualized in architectural spaces, collective events and mass media of the state. Amongst these operational tools, the assembly buildings of Turkey take a critical position by iconically and officially representing the new Turkish national identity in the urban context from 1920. Grounding on archival evidence and discourse analysis, this study inquires the crucial position of the assembly buildings as memory spaces while actively participating to the construction of Republican identities. In order to understand how the assembly buildings of Turkey carve a special niche for themselves while keeping and representing the collective memory of the state, a thematic approach is proposed upon their concretizations, commemorations and imagery constructions in time. Thus, the inquiry on the physical existences, collective uses and printed representations of the assembly buildings constitute the backbone of this study to understand active role of these three building as memory spaces and meaning storages of the Turkish Republic.
Architectural Memorialisation of War: Ars Memoriae and Landscape of Gallipoli Battles
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2008) Yılmaz, Ahenk; Yücel, Şebnem
This dissertation examines the change in the understanding of memorial architecture through an analysis of different attitudes to commemorate Dardanelles Campaign in the boundaries of Gallipoli Peninsula National and Historical (Peace) Park. Memorialisation process at the Peninsula, which has continued from the end of the war onwards (1916), has undergone a transformation from traditional to counter approaches pivoted on the Gallipoli Peace Park International Ideas and Design Competition. Parallel to the changes in memorial architecture in the world, the approach of erecting a conventional dominant monument to exalt suffering and to glorify death has superseded by the approach of highlighting the war remains and the memory of battlefields to protest the warfare. In this process, not only the function and the form of memorials but also remembering proposed to individuals by memorialisation have changed. This dissertation questions the pre-suppositions of traditional and counter memorial architecture with a new method of analysis. This method is derived from classical memorising technique of ars memoriae (the art of memory). By means of this method, this dissertation analyses war memorials in the battlefields of Gallipoli aiming at revealing similarities and disparities among different memorialisation approaches.Keywords: memory, collective remembering, war memorial, counter-monument, art of memory (ars memoriae), Dardanelles Campaign, Gallipoli Peninsula.

Phd Degree / Doktora

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