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Magnetic Levitation of Cells From Bone Marrow Origin
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2021) Anıl İnevi, Müge; Özçivici, Engin; Güven, Sinan
Magnetic levitation via negative magnetophoresis is a new label-free technology that is important in cell- and tissue-level bioengineering applications. Biofabrication applications of the technology is an area that still needs to be developed. In this doctoral thesis, 3D cellular structures with contrable size and cellular arrangement were formed and cultured with magnetic levitation using bone marrow-derived stem cells in both a miniature system that provides levitation between two magnets and a ring magnet-based large-scale system. First, a miniaturized magnetic levitation system that allows real-time imaging was produced and comprehensive protocols were described for its use for both single-cell level analysis and cell culture. With this setup, complex in situ 3D cellular aggregates were formed and their culture was maintained by levitation. Then, a new system that provides levitation on a single ring magnet was produced and used for biofabrication for the first time to overcome the reservoir volume constraint in the existing system and thus to create larger and symmetrical 3D cellular clusters. With the elimination of the upper limit in the system, the volume of the chamber was increased and the medium and biological structure transfer became easily applicable. It has been shown that this ring magnet-based magnetic levitation setup is suitable for cell culture, formation of millimeter-sized cellular structures with various cell types, and that pre- formed cellular structures can be combined by levitation. The low-cost and easy-to-use systems presented in this thesis have the potential to be applied in many areas such as tissue engineering and drug testing.
Biochemical and Mechanical Cues for Osteogenic Induction of Stem Cells on Paper Based Scaffolds
(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Karadaş, Özge; Özçivici, Engin; Özhan Baykan, Hatice Güneş
Tissue engineering aims to produce functional constructs with living cells that can fully integrate with the tissue when inserted into the body. Design of the scaffold and the choice of cell type that will be used for production of the tissue engineering construct are very important for the success of the application. For bone tissue engineering, incorporation of substances with antimicrobial properties can supply additional benefits. This dissertation seeks answers for two discrete questions in different chapters: Do carnosol and carnosic acid, phenolic antimicrobial compounds extracted from plants have cytotoxic effect on bone tissue derived cells and do the culture conditions (monolayer or 3D) effect the response of cells (Chapter 2); and how do application of a single type of mechanical force (vibration) and a combination of two forces (vibration plus fluid shear) affect the osteogenesis of tissue engineering constructs (Chapters 3 and 4)? The results of this research demonstrated that carnosol and carnosic acid had bacteriostatic effect at 60 µg/mL but this concentration value was highly cytotoxic for bone tissue derived cells. Nevertheless, when the same cells were incubated under 3D culture conditions their cytotoxic tolerance was higher. The supportive role of mechanical forces on osteogenic differentiation of stem cells on 3D scaffolds prepared by using filter paper, on the other hand, was demonstrated with the increase in osteoblastic gene expression, immunocytochemical staining and detection of mineralization by Alizarin red S staining and quantification. In conclusion this research showed the importance of biochemical and biomechanical cues on osteogenesis.

Phd Degree / Doktora

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