Phd Degree / Doktora

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/2869

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Department: search.filters.department.Thesis (Doctoral)--İzmir Institute of Technology, ArchitectureWoS Q: search.filters.wosQuartile.N/A

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 73
  • Doctoral Thesis
    Evaluation of Thermal Comfort Conditions During Training in Physical Fitness Spaces
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2024) Avcı, Ali Berkay; Başaran, Tahsin
    Presently, fitness centers have become extensively occupied spaces. These higher-activity-level spaces require different thermal comfort parameters than other indoor environments. Therefore, it is crucial to provide the comfort that users need during their physical exercise. Human body during exercise requires different thermal comfort conditions and higher fresh air supply rates than sedentary activities. The standards for fitness centers do not provide specialized thermal and spatial instructions for the fitness spaces. This thesis focuses on investigating the thermal and spatial conditions of exercise spaces. To determine ideal exercise space conditions, a thermal and flow analysis involving experiments and 3D simulations in a computer environment were employed. The study specifically examined spatial factors such as ceiling height, lateral and frontal distances between machines, and vent locations, along with thermal factors like inlet temperature and air velocity. A thirty-minute constant work rate exercise test at moderate intensity was conducted in a controlled climatic chamber with six participants. The experiment's conditions were replicated and verified in CFD software using the collected data. Then, computational models for various environmental and spatial scenarios for a five-person cycling class were generated. Employing the L9 orthogonal arrays method, nine spatial scenarios with three thermal operations were simulated. Optimal factor levels were determined based on thermal comfort conditions by predicted mean vote (PMV) around the thermal plumes. The findings indicated that a ceiling height of 5m, lateral and frontal distances of 1m and 0.5m between machines, and ventilation strategy with ceiling located inlets at a condition of 18°C and 0.2m•s-1 performed optimal results.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    Residual Spaces of the Informal Empire: Rereading Smyrna as an Incomplete Colonial Project
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Sheridan, Işılay Tiarnagh; Erten, Erdem
    Smyrna (İzmir) has always been a busy and privileged trade node with its fertile Western Anatolian hinterland and naturally-protected harbour. During the 19th century, however, the city experienced an unprecedented trade boom and urban expansion mainly due to foreign industrial initiatives, modernisation projects, and its increasing importance in Mediterranean trade. Its port surpassed the size of Constantinople's port, the Ottoman capital city, and Smyrna became an arena of commercial competition, especially attracting Britain and France. As the leading imperial power and world economic centre of the 19th century, Britain was the first to establish railways connecting Smyrna's harbour to the hinterland as a modernisation project. British entrepreneurs bought 1/3 of Western Anatolian territory and ultimately controlled half of the port's trade volume. Although the economic history of this shift towards semi-colonisation has interested many scholars, how its clandestine colonial makeup left traces on the city remains to be studied. Regarding post-industrial revolution port city development, Smyrna was an odd example since after the Tanzimat Reforms', the modernisation strategies of different foreign investors, including the British, left a fragmented assemblage of urban spaces behind. The strange likeness of this assemblage to certain British colonial port cities rather than to port city models is worth exploring as new archival evidence shows that Smyrna was an incomplete imperial project formed in 'British imagination'. This thesis aims to reveal how this informal empire embedded in modernisation acts was actualised, through morphological analysis combined with memoires, diaries and correspondances as the founding narratives of residual semi-colonial urban space.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    A Model for Early-Reflection Acoustic Design of Rooms for Speech
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Sözer, Mahmut; İlal, Mustafa Emre
    The room acoustics treatments in conventional rectangular classrooms, if applied, usually appear as a sound-absorbing suspended ceiling in the entire ceiling. This approach to achieving a recommended reverberation time value underrates the importance of early reflections, particularly for speech intelligibility in the back rows. The research proposes a room acoustics design methodology named early-reflection-oriented room acoustics design (ERORAD) for rooms for speech based on a model where early reflections are prioritised and quantified by the G50 parameter. On-site measurements were conducted in the 'IYTE Yeni Amfi' room. A 3D computer model of the sample room was created to simulate and test various acoustic conditions. Binaural listening tests were conducted using the auralised audio material of the relevant scenarios mixed with background noise signals at varying levels representing the active classroom background noise. The study showed that an early-reflection-oriented room acoustics design (ERORAD) methodology increases relative sound levels of direct speech and its early reflections. This improves speech intelligibility at distant audience locations better than conventional approaches by categorising the room surfaces as functional surfaces (ERS) for early reflection of speech sound and as appropriate surfaces for absorption (SfA) for the absorption of the late reflections to control reverberation time. The findings suggested that G50 can be a primary parameter to determine the optimal trade-off point between speech sound energy and reverberation time to achieve required speech intelligibility in the audience positions away from the speaker at relatively high levels of active classroom background noise.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    Discussing Social Exclusion and Inclusion From Design Perspective: the Case of İzmir Sea Project
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Kılıç, Merve Ayten; Çıkış, Şeni̇z
    Mimarlık, sanatsal, bilimsel ve teknolojik yeniliği içeren karmaşık ve çok boyutlu bir girişimdir. Toplumun sosyo-ekonomik çevresini yansıtan yaşam alanlarının tasarlanması ve inşa edilmesinden sorumludur. Mimarlık, mekansal organizasyon ve şekillendirme yoluyla kamusal ve sosyal ihtiyaçları karşılamaya hizmet eder. Planlamaya disiplinli bir yaklaşım gerektirir ve önemli bir sosyal sorumluluk taşır. Sosyal gelişimin çok önemli bir yönüdür ve mimarlık, sosyal yaşam ve politika arasındaki ilişkiyi şekillendirir. Mekan üretim süreci hem sosyal hem de kavramsaldır. Bireyler günlük yaşamlarında yeni mekanlar üretirler ve mekanlar, içinde yaşayan bireyler aracılığıyla toplumda var olur. Bireylerin günlük rutinlerinin göz ardı edilerek yabancılaştırılan mekan tasarımı sosyal dışlanma sorunlarına yol açmaktadır. Tasarımcılar, ihtiyaçlarına cevap verebilmek için toplumdaki gerçek bireylerin varlığını dikkate almalıdır. Aksi halde gerçek kullanıcı profillerini göz ardı eden mimarlar ve idealize edilmiş bir insan modeli üzerinden tasarım yapan mimarlar sosyal dışlanmaya, yalnızlığa ve ötekileştirmeye neden olurlar. Bu nedenle bu çalışma, tasarlanan mekan üzerinden tasarımcıların ötekileştirme ve dışlama sürecindeki etkisini anlayarak sosyal dışlanma, ötekileştirme ve mekan üretim süreçleri arasındaki ilişkiye odaklanmaktadır. Bu ilişkiyi anlamak için, İzmir Deniz Projesi'ni takip eden sekiz alt bölgede, Hilary Silver'ın paradigmalarına bir katkı olarak bu tezin ürettiği ek bir 'mekansal paradigma' içeren yeni bir yöntem kullanılarak bir vaka çalışması yapılmıştır. Görselleştirme için Tableau yazılımını kullanan, ilişkisel veri tabanlarını yönetmek için SQL (Structured Query Language) kullanan ve haritalama için GIS (Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi) arayüzünü kullanan anket ve katılımcı gözlem veri toplama yöntemleriyle toplanan vaka çalışması verileri, sosyal dışlanma, ötekileştirme, tasarımcılar ve tasarlanan mekan arasındaki karşılıklı bağlantıyı ortaya koymaktadır.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    An Inquiry Into Architectural Space in Computational Design Practice
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Öztürk, Kadi̇r; Doğan, Fehmi̇; Kasalı, Altuğ
    Çağdaş mimari uygulama ve araştırmalarında başat temalardan biri olan sayısal tasarım, mekana ilişkin düşünme biçimimizde köklü değişikliklere yol açmıştır. Sayısal tasarım uygulamaları, mimarlık üretiminde giderek daha baskın hale gelse de mekan hakkında düşünme ve hayal etme biçimimizdeki yansımalarına yönelik derinlemesine çalışmalar hala gerekmektedir. Bu araştırma, sayısal tasarım uygulamaları ile birlikte mekanı kavramsallaştırma biçimimizde yaşanan değişiklikleri sorgulayarak modern mekan anlayışımıza ilişkin nelerin korunduğunu, uyarlandığını veya ihmal edildiğini tartışır. Sunulan çalışma ile sayısal tasarım araçlarını kullanan deneyimli uygulayıcılarla gerçekleştirilen görüşmeler üzerinden mekanla ilgili kavramsallaştırmaların farklı boyutlarının anlaşılması amaçlanmaktadır. Görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler nitel tematik inceleme yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Bu araştırma iki ana soru etrafında şekillenmektedir. Hesaplamalı tasarım pratiğinde mimari mekan nasıl hayal edilir? Prosedürlerin kesin, tanımlayıcı ve kurala dayalı olduğu hesaplamalı tasarım yaklaşımlarında mimari mekan çok katmanlı, tanımlanması ve ifade edilmesi zor bir kavram olarak nasıl ele alınır? Mimari kelime dağarcığına aktarılan sayısal terminoloji, tasarımcıların sadece sözlü ifadelerine değil, aynı zamanda mimari mekan hakkındaki düşüncelerine de hakim olmaktadır. Sayısal tasarım araçlarının, tasarımcıların göz önünde bulundurdukları parametrelerin yanı sıra mekanı hayal ederken onların düşünme biçimleri üzerinde de etkisi olduğu tartışılmaktadır. Buradaki varsayım, birden fazla katman ve anlam barındıran bir kavram olarak mekanın hesaplanabilir değişkenlerinin yanında hesaplanamaz yönleri de olduğu ve sayısal tasarım pratiğinin bu iki yönü nasıl ele aldığını araştırmanın keşfetmeye değer olduğudur. Sayısal düşünce, mekanın ölçülebilir yönlerini düşünmek ve temsil etmek için uygun bir ortam sağlarken, mekanın tarif edilemez ve belirsiz yönleri de hesaplanabilir olanın sınırlarını ortaya çıkarabilir. Mekan kavramının sayısal tasarım teknolojileriyle nasıl yeniden düşünüldüğüne ilişkin bulgular irdelenmeye değerdir.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    Investigations of Indoor Thermal and Air Flow Conditions in a Tobacco Warehouse
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2023) Gerçek, Mümine; Başaran, Tahsin
    This study investigates the thermal performance and indoor environment conditions of naturally and hybrid ventilated industrial buildings. Numerical analyses and experimental measurements were conducted in a tobacco warehouse in İzmir, Turkey. Parametric analyses were performed with three different approaches: i) 15 architectural design strategies are evaluated by using a sensitivity analysis. It is found that roof insulation thickness, shading projection factor, and shading angle have significant impact on heating and cooling requirements. In addition, the most influential factors on operational CO2 emissions are thickness of insulation material and conductivity of thermal insulation material. ii) Vertical and volumetric temperature gradients, crucial for stored product quality, are assessed through field measurements and CFD simulations. Ceiling-mounted radiant cooling systems reduced indoor temperatures by 3°C, while floor heating systems increased temperatures by 7°C, ensuring a consistent range of 21- 25°C by providing a range at defined indoor temperature values. Maximum loads are determined as 12.9W/m2 for cooling and 39.6W/m2 for heating. iii) The air change effectivenesses of different ventilation conditions are analysed. Four additional fans improved air exchange quality and decreased the volumetric mean age of air (AoA) from 1230 to 525 seconds. It is indicated that, while additional fans may decrease the mean AoA, maximizing the fan operation capacities is not obligatory to achieve increased air change effectiveness. Besides, the analysis of various fan operation scenarios significantly improves indoor environment conditions and energy efficiency. This thesis emphasizes the importance of design parameters in influencing indoor environmental conditions and energy consumption. The investigation of thermal air mixing and conditioning strategies underscores the need for a combined experimental and numerical approach. The findings contribute to effective solutions for warehouses storing temperature-sensitive products, ensuring optimal storage conditions and mitigating temperature variations during logistics operations.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    A Survey on Spatial Effects of Newcomer Entrepreneurs in Rural Urla
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Güçü, İlker; Çıkış, Şeniz
    Today, new production forms of rural space, which receive immigration and meet the entrepreneurial activities created by this population change, constitute the main aim of study. Thesis focuses on the mutual influence of rural space and rural entrepreneurship in terms of the architecture discipline. The main source of rural livelihood is agricultural production and animal husbandry from past to present. As a result of these migrations, the main livelihoods in the rural area are changing, developing and renewing. Rural architectural space is also in a process of change in line with these activities. In addition, what entrepreneurs understand from the countryside and their reflections gain importance in the transformed space. Based on the migration stories and spatial preferences of individuals who migrated from urban areas to rural, the study deals with thirty-four entrepreneurs and their enterprises located in the rural areas of Urla district of İzmir. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to measure the spatial context of enterprises located on Urla Wine Route and feeding this route. The spatial contexts of enterprises were grouped through the themes that emerged as a result of the analysis. As a result of the analyzes, it has been seen that the site plan, clousure movements, orientation and building form are the most used parameters in architectural design by newcomers. It is aimed that the study will contribute to the literature as it allows the rural entrepreneurship and ispatial context, which has been examined at an upper scale so far, to be evaluated at the scale of architectural space
  • Doctoral Thesis
    Transformation of 19th Century İzmir's Harbor Zone and Its Urban Fabric Via Morphological Approach
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Gelişkan, Nil Nadire; Çıkış, Şeniz
    İzmir, which has a considerable place among the Mediterranean port cities of the 19th century, is not only similar to other Mediterranean port cities due to its trade dynamics, but also differs with the diversity and political development of the actors who have a say in commerce. After the industrial revolution, the hierarchical structure in world trade is reshaped with the expansion of the market area of trade. While industrial countries are at the top of the pyramid, the peripherical countries, whose economy is based on agriculture, are at the lower levels. The position that distinguishes the Ottoman Empire from the others is that it is the scene of the endless competition between industrialized European countries that will start from the 18th century and continue until the 21st century. İzmir is one of the plateaus of this competition. The city, which was considered the second capital center of the empire after Istanbul, especially in the 19th century, continues to be one of the most important ports. In this period, architectural and urban design-scale arrangements and innovations were made in İzmir by the Ottoman government and on a local scale, but especially the initiatives of western countries had a significant impact on the morphology of the city. In this context, the morphological transformation of the city of Izmir in the 19th century, the location of Izmir in local, regional and global networks and its relations with which urban interventions will be evaluated through maps, drawings and documents related to railway and transportation, especially from the Ottoman archive records of the Presidency of State Archives dated after 1850. In this study, in addition to the previous Izmir narratives, the transformation and structuring of the parcels to be used for the Kordon region and mega transportation projects, which will serve especially the industry channels, will be studied at a lower scale. It is within the scope of the study to focus on how the urban fabric of İzmir harbor zone was transformed in the light of the historical and economic breaks experienced by the empire in this period, and to seek a new conceptual port reading for the 19th century İzmir.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    An Agent Based Model for Exploring the Effects of Overconfidence on the Winner's Curse in Construction Projects
    (01. Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Aldemir, Bora; Kale, Serdar
    As a result of errors in cost estimation, the winning companies in competitive environments such as bids, auctions, etc. fail to achieve the anticipated profit or even incur losses. This phenomenon is labelled as the “winner’s curse.” Diverse causes led to the occurrence of this circumstance. Until recently, technical errors were thought to cause most construction estimation errors. Behavioral economics has shown that certain biases in individual decision-making can also contribute to these undesirable situations. Overconfidence is common. This illusion is when a person thinks they are better at making decisions than they really are. The agent-based modeling method was used to examine this bias. This method investigates the system pattern created by heterogeneous individuals with independent macro-level behavior. In this study, individuals can be considered as construction companies. The prevalent pattern in the sector is the phenomenon of the winner's curse. However, focusing solely on the overconfidence effect may not yield meaningful results. Risk aversion is regarded as a protective behavior against the negative effects of the overconfidence. There may also be a correlation between the number of bidders and the winner's curse. This study demonstrates that the phenomenon of the winner's curse exists in all dimensions of the overconfidence effect. When the number of bidders is small, overconfidence behavior has little impact on the winner's curse, but when the number of bidders is medium or large, the winner's curse increases slightly as the overconfidence effect decreases. Risk aversion does not provide any protection against the winner's curse phenomenon.
  • Doctoral Thesis
    Parametric Flow Simulation for Early Design Phase: Case Study of an Urban Regeneration Area in Izmir
    (Izmir Institute of Technology, 2022) Öner, Efe; Başaran, Tahsin
    Climate change and its effects on the planning of cities require new dynamics for designing new expansion zones or neighborhood development projects. In conceptual phases, decision-makers, architects, planners, and engineers must consider extreme weather events and increased wind speeds in cities due to climate change to ensure the safety of pedestrians. Proposed building layouts, geometrical parameters, and features should be investigated in an artificial environment to satisfy wind behavior for acceptable conditions. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software provides insight into wind effects on the pedestrian level for the proposed layout of buildings and the surrounding area. This insight can boost the design process without conducting experimental wind tunnel tests. This study aims to assess the impact of building geometry (height, width, length) and building spacings in urban development projects for the safety and comfort of users in pedestrian-level wind environments with CFD simulations. The case area of this study is the first phase of an urban regeneration area in Izmir. The proposed layout is analyzed with prevailing wind speeds and directions to identify the dangerous and comfortable regions around buildings. Sub-configurations of buildings are simulated in CFD software to compare with existing wind tunnel tests for verification and validation. A design proposal with building features is evaluated with validated CFD parameters to examine the impact on pedestrian-level wind speeds. Mean speeds for corresponding comfort and safety limits of categorized human activities are compared to findings to identify suitable locations for these activities around buildings. Design parameters of urban layout; distance between buildings, height, and balconies on facades showed significant effects on pedestrian level wind environment. Building height among these parameters proved to be a decisive feature that should be considered in the early design stages.