Sürdürülebilir Yeşil Kampüs Koleksiyonu / Sustainable Green Campus Collection
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7755
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Article Citation - WoS: 41Citation - Scopus: 43Isomerisation of ?-Pinene Over Beta Zeolites Synthesised by Different Methods(Elsevier Ltd., 2005) Gündüz, Gönül; Yılmaz, Selahattin; Yılmaz, Selahattin; Dimitrov, Ljubomir; Spassova, Maya; 03.02. Department of Chemical Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyLiquid-phase α-pinene isomerisation at l00°C in a batch reactor is studied over Beta zeolites synthesised by different methods. It is confirmed that α-pinene forms a carbenium ion in an acidic environment, which rearranges without capture by nucleophiles, to form mainly hydrocarbons as camphene, terpinenes, terpinolenes and heavy products. The microporous Beta samples show low activity despite the high acidity most probably because of the hindered intermediate formation. The nature of the enhanced activity of Beta mesopores samples is suggested to be a result from the high accessibility of the acidic sites. The isomerisation of α-pinene was studied over Beta zeolites synthesised by different methods. The main products are camphene, terpinenes, terpinolenes and heavy products. Beta zeolites with micro-/mesopores reveal excellent activity because of the appropriate balance between acidity and bimodal pore system. The microporous Beta samples show low activity despite the good total acidity most probably because of the steric effect for the formation of the intermediate cations.Article Citation - WoS: 39Citation - Scopus: 46Alpha-Pinene Isomerization on Acid-Treated Clays(Elsevier Ltd., 2002) Beşün, Nurgün; Özkan, Seher Fehime; Gündüz, Gönül; 03.02. Department of Chemical Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyLiquid phase isomerization of α-pinene was studied over a number of differently pre-treated montmorillonite clays. The effects of the acid pre-treatment parameters (acid-to-clay ratio (A/C), water-to-acid ratio (W/A), temperature and pre-treatment time) on the product distribution were investigated. It was observed that the pre-treatment with acid improved the catalytic activity of that catalyst which was activated at 200 °C for 4 h at A/C ratios between 0.2 and 0.4. Alpha-pinene consumption was very small over the catalysts prepared with an A/C ratio of 0.8. Characterization studies that were done by nitrogen and water vapor adsorption experiments and by IR measurements showed that catalysts with high differential pore volumes for pores around 2 nm and homogenous mesopore distributions and with low dealumination degrees were good catalysts for the production of camphene. Catalysts having heterogeneous mesoporosity were found to be the preferable ones for limonene production.