Sürdürülebilir Yeşil Kampüs Koleksiyonu / Sustainable Green Campus Collection
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7755
Browse
2 results
Search Results
Article Citation - WoS: 39Citation - Scopus: 44Polyurethane Foam (puf) Disk Passive Samplers Derived Polychlorinated Biphenyls (pcbs) Concentrations in the Ambient Air of Bursa-Turkey: Spatial and Temporal Variations and Health Risk Assessment(Elsevier Ltd., 2017) Birgül, Aşkın; Kurt Karakuş, Perihan Binnur; Alegria, Henry; Güngörmüş, Elif; Çelik, Halil; Çiçek, Tuğba; Güven, Emine Can; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyPolyurethane foam (PUF) passive samplers were employed to assess air concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in background, agricultural, semi-urban, urban and industrial sites in Bursa, Turkey. Samplers were deployed for approximately 2-month periods from February to December 2014 in five sampling campaign. Results showed a clear rural-agricultural-semi-urban-urban-industrial PCBs concentration gradient. Considering all sampling periods, ambient air concentrations of Σ43PCBs ranged from 9.6 to 1240 pg/m3at all sites with an average of 24.1 ± 8.2, 43.8 ± 24.4, 140 ± 190, 42.8 ± 24.6, 160 ± 280, 84.1 ± 105, 170 ± 150 and 280 ± 540 pg/m3for Mount Uludag, Uludag University Campus, Camlica, Bursa Technical University Osmangazi Campus, Hamitler, Agakoy, Kestel Organised Industrial District and Demirtas Organised Industrial District sampling sites, respectively. The ambient air PCB concentrations increased along a gradient from background to industrial areas by a factor of 1.7–11.4. 4-Cl PCBs (31.50–81.60%) was the most dominant homologue group at all sampling sites followed by 3-Cl, 7-Cl, 6-Cl and 5-Cl homologue groups. Sampling locations and potential sources grouped in principal component analysis. Results of PCA plots highlighted a large variability of the PCB mixture in air, hence possible related sources, in Bursa area. Calculated inhalation risk levels in this study indicated no serious adverse health effects. This study is one of few efforts to characterize PCB composition in ambient air seasonally and spatially for urban and industrial areas of Turkey by using passive samplers as an alternative sampling method for concurrent monitoring at multiple sites.Master Thesis Estimation of Total Carcinogenic Risk Due To Multipathway Exposure To Trihalomethanes in Izmir Drinking Water(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2012) Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil; Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil; Tokatlı, Figen; Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil; Tokatlı, Figen; 03.07. Department of Environmental Engineering; 03.08. Department of Food Engineering; 03. Faculty of Engineering; 01. Izmir Institute of TechnologyThe goal of this study was to investigate the cumulative and total carcinogenic risk levels of trihalomethanes (THMs) in İzmir drinking water by considering multi exposure routes and pathways. Drinking water THM concentrations measured and questionnaire data collected by Kavcar (Assessment of Exposure and Risk Associated with Trihalomethanes and Other Volatile Organic Compounds in Drinking Water, MSc Thesis, İYTE, 2005) were used for the exposure – risk assessment. Ingestion of drinking water, inhalation and dermal absorption during showering, bathing, hand washing, and dish washing were the considered exposure pathways. THM concentrations in air were estimated by using chemical specific transfer efficiencies. Chemical specific skin permeability coefficients and body surface areas were used . The contributions of exposure routes to the total risk, in the order of low to high, were dermal absorption, ingestion, and inhalation. Cumulative and total cancer risks were estimated using two different methods: commonly employed simple addition method and recently proposed Cumulative Relative Potency Factors (CRPF) approach. The total carcinogenic risks estimated by the both methods were acceptable (<1×10-6) in the minimum and lower bound exposure scenarios, generally acceptable (1×10-6 - 1×10-4) in the central tendency exposure scenario, and not acceptable (>1×10-4) in the upper bound and maximum exposure scenarios while simple addition produced an order magnitude higher risk levels compared to the CRPF method. The results of this study show that carcinogenic risks may be overestimated by using simple addition method. Nevertheless, risk mitigation measures are needed by the local water authorities.