Sürdürülebilir Yeşil Kampüs Koleksiyonu / Sustainable Green Campus Collection

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7755

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  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 31
    Citation - Scopus: 41
    Metadata-Based Heritage Sites Modeling With E-Learning Functionality
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2009) Styliadis, Athanasios D.; Akbaylar, İpek; Papadopoulou, Despoina A.; Hasanagas, Nikolaos D.; Roussa, Sotiria A.; Sexidis, Lazaros A.
    Nowadays, cultural heritage is under threat and danger (pollution, natural disasters, wars, etc.). In this domain, cultural heritage management (CHM) as the art, vocation and practice of managing cultural heritage resources and as a multi-discipline research area has a vital role. In recent years, the innovations, improvements and rapid advances in traditional and geographic (GIS) databases, design computing, digital architecture and archaeology, imaging sensors and scanners, computer modeling software, haptic equipments and e-learning technology, as well as the affordability and availability of many powerful graphics workstations make metadata and 3D modeling techniques for CHM with e-learning and haptic rendering (virtual reality) functionality feasible. This paper addresses the application research issue of incorporating metadata and modeling in a CHM case study and discusses the related e-learning functionality. So, in this article, a practical project is used to demonstrate the functionality and the performance of the proposed 3D modeling metadata based CHM methodology. In particular, the processing steps from image acquisition to the 3D geometric and semantic description of the Galerius Palace "Octagonon" (Thessaloniki, Greece) in a 3D digital environment are presented. Also, emphasis is put on documenting the new term 3D modeling metadata for CHM and on discussing as an open issue the concept personalized e-learning CHM scenarios. The proposed methodology has 10-2 modeling accuracy (i.e. 1% relative inaccuracy) and it is of interest for archaeology, architecture, virtual reality, e-learning, e-culture and virtual tourism.
  • Conference Object
    Citation - Scopus: 15
    Thomas Sharp's Collaboration With H. De C. Hastings: the Formulation of Townscape as Urban Design Pedagogy
    (Routledge, 2009) Erten, Erdem
    This paper focuses on the collaboration between the Architectural Review's (AR) chief editor and proprietor Hubert de Cronin Hastings (1902-1986) and planner Thomas Sharp (1901-1978) in the formulation and dissemination of Townscape as urban design pedagogy in the period between 1935 and 1955. This pedagogy proved effective in questioning the modernist planning attitude defined by the CIAM congresses and the prevalent Garden City mentality of the New Town proposals during post-World War II reconstruction efforts. Growing out of the shared interests and ideological affinities of the people engaged in British post-war reconstruction, 'Townscape' emerged as the result of a collective effort of those affiliated with Hastings for which Nikolaus Pevsner, Thomas Sharp and Gordon Cullen assumed major roles. If the Architectural Press has been the linchpin of this propagation by several books including those by Sharp and the articles published within AR, Sharp's role as a practicing planning consultant was influential, but more importantly institutional in disseminating 'Townscape'. The intermittent collaboration between Hastings and Sharp was a part of Hastings's unrelenting effort in conceptualizing a model of environmental intervention linked to ideals of cultural continuity. Townscape series remained a part of AR during Hastings's editorial reign for more than a quarter century, repeating the same message for different contextual cases as an instrument of teaching its readers how to perceive, visualize and intervene into the urban environment, as much as Townscape was an inseparable component of Sharp's career as planner, lecturer and author that established precedents for many planners to follow.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 262
    Citation - Scopus: 286
    Dye Adsorption Behavior of Luffa Cylindrica Fibers
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2008) Demir, Hasan; Top, Ayben; Balköse, Devrim; Ülkü, Semra
    Using natural Luffa cylindrica fibers as adsorbent removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions at different temperatures and dye concentrations was investigated in this study. Thermodynamics and kinetics of adsorption were also investigated. The adsorption isotherms could be well defined with Langmuir model instead of Freundlich model. The thermodynamic parameters of methylene blue (MB) adsorption indicated that the adsorption is exothermic and spontaneous. The average MB adsorption capacity was found out as 49 mg/g and average BET surface area of fibers was calculated as 123 m2/g.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 22
    Citation - Scopus: 26
    Thermodynamic Assessment of Gas Removal Systems for Single-Flash Geothermal Power Plants
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2009) Yıldırım Özcan, Nurdan; Gökçen Akkurt, Gülden
    Geothermal fluids contain non-condensable gases (NCGs) at various amounts. NCGs flow to a conventional geothermal power plant (GPP) with steam phase and should be withdrawn from the condenser by a gas removal system to prevent increase in condenser pressure and consequently decrease in power generation. Therefore, to remove NCGs from the system is critical especially at high NCG fractions. In this study, the net power output and specific steam consumption of a single-flash GPP is evaluated depending on the separator pressure, NCG fraction and wet bulb temperature of the environment, and three different conventional gas removal options which are two-stage steam jet ejector system, two-stage hybrid system and two-stage compressor system. A simulation code is written in EES to model the plant for each option. The model uses the data of Kizildere Geothermal Power Plant (KGPP) - Turkey, which is a single-flash plant with extremely high NCG fraction, to allow a comparison between the results of the modelling and the operational data of an actual single-flash GPP. Under given conditions, thermodynamic analysis resulted that NCG fraction is the most significant factor on GPP performance and the compressor system is the most efficient and robust option where the influence of the NCG fraction is limited.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 44
    Citation - Scopus: 54
    Protection of Marble Surfaces by Using Biodegradable Polymers as Coating Agent
    (Elsevier, 2009) Ocak, Yılmaz; Sofuoğlu, Aysun; Tıhmınlıoğlu, Funda; Böke, Hasan
    Biodegradable polymers have been replaced over the synthetic polymers in many applications due to their good properties such as reversibility and biodegradability. Therefore they allow new treatment on the surface of the material to be protected and they fulfil the principles generally accepted by the International Conservation Community of Historic Monuments and Buildings. In this study, the efficiency of four different biodegradable polymers as protective coatings on marble-SO2 reaction was investigated. The polymers used were zein, chitosan, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and poly-l-lactide (PLA). The mineralogical composition, bulk density and porosity of uncoated marble were determined. The water vapor permeability, water absorption by capillary forces, surface wettability, and color alteration of uncoated and coated marbles were measured. For sulphation reaction, marble slabs were coated with these polymers and then they were exposed at nearly 8 ppm SO2 concentration at 100% relative humidity conditions together with uncoated ones in a reaction chamber for several days for testing their protection efficiency. The extent of reaction was determined by leaching of gypsum formed on the marble surfaces in deionized water and then determining the sulphate content by ion chromatography. The protection efficiency of polymer treatments was expressed as comparing the gypsum crust thickness of the coated and uncoated marble plates. The comparison among the polymers showed that the surface hydrophobicity, water capillary absorption and structure of polymer would be important factors affecting the protection efficiency. The use of high molecular weight PLA (HMWPLA) polymer on marble surfaces provided significant protection up to 60% which was indicated that HMWPLA polymer seems to be promising polymer as protective coating agent in reducing gypsum formation on marble surfaces in the polluted environment.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 14
    Citation - Scopus: 15
    Neutralization of an Extremely Acidic Sludge and Stabilization of Heavy Metals in Flyash Aggregates
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2007) Polat, Mehmet; Güler, Erkan; Lederman, Eli; Cohen, Haim
    An extremely acidic, heavy metal-rich sludge (pH = -1.2) was scrubbed with a Class-F fly ash in order to simultaneously neutralize the acidity and stabilize the heavy metals contained in both wastes. This paper outlines the leaching behavior of the aggregate material generated by scrubbing. For proper fly ash/sludge ratios, the fly ash acted as an outstanding neutralizer for the acidic waste. Leaching of heavy metals from the aggregate samples was below the environmental limits within a pH range between 3 and 9. Subsequent washing of the leached aggregate with acidic CALWET solutions did not result in an additional release of heavy metals. It is proposed that coordinative bonding of the metal cations onto neutral surface sites and electrostatic adsorption led to stabilization of the heavy metals within the aggregate structure below hydrolysis pHs.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 33
    Citation - Scopus: 35
    Henry's Law Constant, Octanol-Air Partition Coefficient and Supercooled Liquid Vapor Pressure of Carbazole as a Function of Temperature: Application To Gas/Particle Partitioning in the Atmosphere
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2006) Odabaşı, Mustafa; Çetin, Banu; Sofuoğlu, Aysun
    The Henry's law constant for carbazole was experimentally determined between 5 and 35°C using a gas-stripping technique. The following equation was obtained for dimensionless Henry's law constant (H′) versus temperature (T, K):lnH′=-3982(T,K)-1+1.01 Temperature-dependent octanol-air partition coefficients (KOA) and supercooled liquid vapor pressures (PL, Pa) of carbazole were also determined using the GC retention time method. The temperature dependence of KOA and PL were explained by the following:logKOA=4076/(T,K)-5. 65logPL(Pa)=-3948(T,K)-1+11.84 The gas and particle-phase carbazole concentrations measured previously in Chicago, IL in 1995 was used for gas/particle partitioning modeling. Octanol based absorptive partitioning model consistently underpredicted the gas/particle partition coefficients (K p) for all sampling periods. However, overall there was a good agreement between the measured Kp and soot-based model predictions.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 16
    Citation - Scopus: 18
    Kinematic Wave Model of Bed Profiles in Alluvial Channels
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2006) Tayfur, Gökmen; Singh, Vijay P.
    A mathematical model, based on the kinematic wave (KW) theory, is developed for describing the evolution and movement of bed profiles in alluvial channels. The model employs a functional relation between sediment transport rate and concentration, a relation between flow velocity and depth and Velikanov's formula relating suspended sediment concentration to flow variables. Laboratory flume and field data are used to test the model. Transient bed profiles in alluvial channels are also simulated for several hypothetical cases involving different water flow and sediment concentration characteristics. The model-simulated bed profiles are found to be in good agreement with what is observed in the laboratory, and they seem theoretically reasonable for hypothetical cases. The model results reveal that the mean particle velocity and maximum concentration (maximum bed form elevation) strongly affect transient bed profiles.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 95
    Citation - Scopus: 114
    The Accelerating Effects of the Microorganisms on Biodeterioration of Stone Monuments Under Air Pollution and Continental-Cold Climatic Conditions in Erzurum, Turkey
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2006) Nuhoğlu, Yaşar; Ensar, Oğuz; Uslu, Hakan; Özbek, Ahmet; İpekoğlu, Başak; Ocak, İjlal; Hasenekoğlu, İsmet
    The aim of this research was to determine the accelerating effects of microorganisms on the biodeterioration of stone under air pollution and continental-cold climatic region in Erzurum, Turkey. Studies have been carried out on specimens of the Rustempasa Bazaar, the Lalapasa Mosque, the Erzurum Castle Mosque, the Double Minarets-Madrasah, the Great Mosque and the Haji Mehmet Fountain aged from 441 to 823 years old. The results showed that vegetative and reproductive (generative) forms of the microorganisms could develop during the winter months when the night time average temperature was even - 25 °C. Also the reproductive forms had developed and the whole stone surface was covered with a biofilm caused by the microorganisms. Silicon, aluminum, calcium, potassium, titanium, magnesium, zinc, sulfur, iron, sodium, and niobium were found in the stones of the historical buildings with varying amounts through the SEM-EDS analysis. Some of these elements could be used as an energy resource for the microorganisms together with the air pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particles on the stone surfaces. Of 21 isolates, 15 species from 6 bacterium genera and 5 species from 5 fungi genera plus 1 fungi genera were identified on the deteriorated stone surfaces even during the coldest months by microbial identification system (MIS) and these findings were tested by SEM investigations.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 259
    Citation - Scopus: 284
    Heavy Metal Removal From Waste Waters by Ion Flotation
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2007) Polat, Hürriyet; Erdoğan, D.
    Flotation studies were carried out to investigate the removal of heavy metals such as copper (II), zinc (II), chromium (III) and silver (I) from waste waters. Various parameters such as pH, collector and frother concentrations and airflow rate were tested to determine the optimum flotation conditions. Sodium dodecyl sulfate and hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide were used as collectors. Ethanol and methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC) were used as frothers. Metal removal reached about 74% under optimum conditions at low pH. At basic pH it became as high as 90%, probably due to the contribution from the flotation of metal precipitates.