Sürdürülebilir Yeşil Kampüs Koleksiyonu / Sustainable Green Campus Collection
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7755
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Article Citation - WoS: 16Citation - Scopus: 20Groundwater Recharge Estimation Using Hydrus 1d Model in Alaşehir Sub-Basin of Gediz Basin in Turkey(Springer Verlag, 2019) Tonkul, Serhat; Baba, Alper; Şimşek, Celalettin; Durukan, Seda; Demirkesen, Ali Can; Tayfur, GökmenGediz Basin, located in the western part of Turkey constituting 2% land of the country, has an important groundwater potential in the area. Alasehir sub-basin, located in the southeast of the Gediz Basin and subject to the extensive withdrawal for the irrigation, constitutes the study area. Natural recharge to the sub-basin due to precipitation is numerically investigated in this study. For this purpose, 25 research wells, whose depths range from 20 to 50 m, were drilled to observe the recharge and collect the necessary field data for the numerical model. Meteorological data were collected from 3 weather stations installed in the study area. The numerical model HYDRUS was calibrated using the field water content data. Soil characterization was done on the core samples; the aquifer characterization was performed, and the alluvial aquifer recharge due to precipitation was calculated. As a result, the computed recharge value ranges from 21.78 to 68.52 mm, with an average value of 43.09 mm. According to the numerical model, this amount of recharge corresponds to 10% of the amount of annual rainfall.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 3Integrating Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Natural Capital Security and Urban Ecosystem Carbon Metabolism(Springer Verlag, 2018) Demirkesen, Ali Can; Evrendilek, FatihThe purpose of the study is to address and quantify the increase in urban expansion and carbon (C) metabolism burden on ecosystem service value (ESV), net ecosystem productivity (NEP), and C storage of urban footprint. Urban footprint is required to meet the demands arising from economic consumption and production as well as waste accumulation and assimilation. Spatiotemporal changes in main land covers (LCs) were detected using remotely sensed data (Landsat 5 and 8, and digital elevation model) between 1987 and 2016. Changes in ESV and C influx, efflux and pools associated with LC dynamics were approximated using global proxies for a western Mediterranean region in Turkey of 54,162 km2. Urban expansion over the 29-year period decreased ESV by 22% ($7.28 ± 0.4 billion), NEP by 4.3% (2.3 ± 9 Gg C), and total ecosystem C pool by 10.9% (1008.3 ± 1006 Gg C) and led to a 62.8% appropriation of the total NEP (50.1 ± 51 Gg C) of the urban footprint in 2016. The main cause of the environmental degradation across the study region was the loss of the seminatural areas. Our findings emphasize that the deterioration rate of ecosystems should be slowed down by natural capital-friendly decisions and should not exceed rehabilitation rate of damaged ecosystems in the face of rapidly increasing burdens of the cities on their footprint.Master Thesis Determination of Flood Risk Areas and Mitigation Strategies: a Case Study of the Menemen Plain, Izmir(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2019) Günseli, İsmail Gökhan; Demirkesen, Ali CanAccording to literature, natural disasters are increasing worldwide. Among them, flood is the most common and has the most impacts. Because of global warming and climate-patterns changing, frequency of floods has increased significantly. Also, the greatest impact among the human-oriented reasons are urbanization and industrialization. With the spread of urbanization, population in cities around the world has increased rapidly; natural areas have been destroyed, cities have been expanded. These changes have increased fragility in cities. Therefore, objective of the study was to determine flood risk areas and minimize negative impacts of floods. Accordingly, the study area; the Menemen Plain and its surroundings were found worthwhile to examine due to its topographic, climatic and hydrological structure. In this study, weighted-overlay analysis method was used in ArcGIS to determine flood risk areas employing six criteria. Therefore, six criteria that have an impact on flooding were identified as; (1) slope, (2) elevation, (3) distance from rivers, (4) distance from junction-points of river, (5) land use/cover, and (6) rainfall. The weights of criteria were assigned by land and literature investigation. According to the study, the highest risky flood locations with more population were seen as Emiralem, Kesik, Buruncuk and Çavuşköy settlements. On the other hand, medium flood risk settlements with more population were found as Seyrek, Yahşelli, Sasalı and Yenibağarası. Consequently, resilience and mitigation strategies were identified. It was stated that flood risk management should be managed in a participatory manner with a holistic approach and public-private-individual partnership with structural, non-structural measures.Master Thesis Investigation of Vegetation and Agricutural Soils in Relation To Groundwater by Using Geographic Information Systems (gis): a Case Study of Manisa, Alaşehir Basin(Izmir Institute of Technology, 2018) Budak, Seda; Demirkesen, Ali CanGroundwater is a natural resource that is directly or indirectly affected by any intervention in nature that we use in all areas of our life. In this sense, the issue of the groundwater is a study-subject that interests many professions and researches. Urban planning is a profession area that is directly related to the groundwater issues as decision-making on spatial and functional decisions about the city and the natural environment. However, groundwater resources are not taken into account as aboveground natural resources during the planning phase. Plans without consideration of groundwater potential cause threatening consequences for both existing natural resources and residents in the region. For this reason, the focus point of the thesis is the groundwater and its determination and investigation of relationship among the groundwater, vegetation, and agricultural soils. The aim of this thesis is to determine the groundwater potential (GWP) locations of Alaşehir Basin by a multi-criteria (proxies) method based on Geographic Information System (GIS) integrated with Remote Sensing (RS). The method used in this study includes 10 proxies as mult-criteria that play important roles on determination of the potential of the groundwater, combining these proxies in a digital media and illustrating output image maps of them. These proxies are: Normalized Difference Vegitation Index (NDVI), Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), land-use land-cover (LULC), lineament, topography (Digital Elevation Model – DEM), slope, drainage, lithology, hydraulic conductivity, and soil types. The main data sources of the study are: Landsat-8 OLI multi-spetral satellite image bands, the Aster Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the study area and the GIS data layers from the institutions and research studies. According to study, the most GWP locations are seen in northeast of Salihli, in southeast of Alaşehir and around Dereköy. This findings are so important for planning in terms of groundwater pollution risk management.Article Citation - WoS: 9Citation - Scopus: 12Compositing Climate Change Vulnerability of a Mediterranean Region Using Spatiotemporally Dynamic Proxies for Ecological and Socioeconomic Impacts and Stabilities(Springer Verlag, 2017) Demirkesen, Ali Can; Evrendilek, FatihThe study presents a new methodology to quantify spatiotemporal dynamics of climate change vulnerability at a regional scale adopting a new conceptual model of vulnerability as a function of climate change impacts, ecological stability, and socioeconomic stability. Spatiotemporal trends of equally weighted proxy variables for the three vulnerability components were generated to develop a composite climate change vulnerability index (CCVI) for a Mediterranean region of Turkey combining Landsat time series data, digital elevation model (DEM)-derived data, ordinary kriging, and geographical information system. Climate change impact was based on spatiotemporal trends of August land surface temperature (LST) between 1987 and 2016. Ecological stability was based on DEM, slope, aspect, and spatiotemporal trends of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), while socioeconomic stability was quantified as a function of spatiotemporal trends of land cover, population density, per capita gross domestic product, and illiteracy. The zones ranked on the five classes of no-to-extreme vulnerability were identified where highly and moderately vulnerable lands covered 0.02% (12 km2) and 11.8% (6374 km2) of the study region, respectively, mostly occurring in the interior central part. The adoption of this composite CCVI approach is expected to lead to spatiotemporally dynamic policy recommendations towards sustainability and tailor preventive and mitigative measures to locally specific characteristics of coupled ecological–socioeconomic systems.Article Citation - WoS: 16Citation - Scopus: 18Multi-Risk Interpretation of Natural Hazards for Settlements of the Hatay Province in the East Mediterranean Region, Turkey Using Srtm Dem(Springer Verlag, 2012) Demirkesen, Ali CanMany scientists have recently alarmed natural hazards due to global climate change. Such natural disasters are coastal inundation in response to sea-level rise, and/or river flooding caused by heavy rain falls, additionally earthquakes and, etc. In terms of natural hazards, one of the most sensitive and culturally significant areas in Turkey is the Hatay province in the east Mediterranean region. The Hatay province is located on such a region which is not only vulnerable to coastal inundation and river flooding, but also is a tectonically and seismically sensitive area. In this study, for taking conservation measures against the natural hazards beforehand and decision-making on any future land-planning; a digital terrain model and a 3D fly-through model of the Hatay province were generated; then quantitatively and/or qualitatively interpreted by employing the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission digital elevation model. Besides, stream drainage patterns, lineaments and structural-geological features were extracted for natural hazard risk interpretation of settlements and their relationships among the landscape characteristics were exhibited by combining tectonic information previously confirmed. Regarding the sea-level rise, the coastal inundation risk map indicates that the most vulnerable areas are: coastlines of Iskenderun, Arsuz, Payas and Samandag, respectively. By/after analyzing the digital terrain of the study region and stream drainage patterns, the Karasu Valley Zone, where the Amik plain, settlements of Antakya, Iskenderun, Arsuz, Payas and Samandag with their flood plains have the most flooding risk in decreasing order, respectively when a heavy raining occurs. Finally, analysis of tectonics has revealed that Antakya, Iskenderun, Hassa, Kirikhan, Samandag, Payas, Arsuz, Altinozu, Kumlu and Hacipasa regions have the most sensitivity to earthquake disaster in the study region.