Sürdürülebilir Yeşil Kampüs Koleksiyonu / Sustainable Green Campus Collection

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7755

Browse

Filters

2006 - 200922010 - 20151

Settings

Author: search.filters.author.İnal, FikretPublication Index: search.filters.publicationIndex.PubMed

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 22
    Citation - Scopus: 25
    Indoor Air Quality in a Restaurant Kitchen Using Margarine for Deep-Frying
    (Springer Verlag, 2015) Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil; Toprak, Melis; İnal, Fikret; Çimrin, Arif H.
    Indoor air quality has a great impact on human health. Cooking, in particular frying, is one of the most important sources of indoor air pollution. Indoor air CO, CO2, particulate matter (PM), and volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations, including aldehydes, were measured in the kitchen of a small establishment where a special deep-frying margarine was used. The objective was to assess occupational exposure concentrations for cooks of such restaurants. While individual VOC and PM2.5 concentrations were measured before, during, and after frying events using active sampling, TVOC, PM10, CO, CO2, temperature, and relative humidity were continuously monitored through the whole period. VOC and aldehyde concentrations did not increase to considerable levels with deep-frying compared to the background and public indoor environment levels, whereas PM10 increased significantly (1.85 to 6.6 folds). The average PM2.5 concentration of the whole period ranged between 76 and 249 μg/m3. Hence, considerable PM exposures could occur during deep-frying with the special margarine, which might be sufficiently high to cause health effects on cooks considering their chronic occupational exposures.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 74
    Citation - Scopus: 89
    Seasonal Variation in Drinking Water Concentrations of Disinfection By-Products in Izmir and Associated Human Health Risks
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2008) Baytak, Derya; Sofuoğlu, Aysun; İnal, Fikret; Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil
    Seasonal variation in concentrations of two different disinfection by-product groups, trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetonitriles (HANs), was investigated in tap water samples collected from five sampling points (one groundwater and four surface water sources) in İzmir, Turkey. Estimates of previously published carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks through oral exposure to THMs were re-evaluated using a probabilistic approach that took the seasonal concentration variation into account. Chloroform, bromoform, dibromochloromethane and dichloroacetonitrile were the most frequently detected compounds. Among these, chloroform was detected with the highest concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 98.4 μg/L. In tap water, at the groundwater supplied sampling point, brominated species, bromoform and dibromoacetonitrile, were detected at the highest levels most probably due to bromide ion intrusion from seawater. The highest total THM and total HAN concentrations were detected in spring while the lowest in summer and fall. The annual average total THM concentration measured at one of the surface water supplied sampling points exceeded the USEPA's limit of 80 μg/L. While all non-carcinogenic risks due to exposure to THMs in İzmir drinking water were negligible, carcinogenic risk levels associated with bromodichloromethane and dibromochloromethane were higher than one in million.
  • Article
    Citation - WoS: 42
    Citation - Scopus: 50
    Occurrence, Oral Exposure and Risk Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds in Drinking Water for Izmir
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2006) Kavcar, Pınar; Odabaşı, Mustafa; Kitiş, Mehmet; İnal, Fikret; Sofuoğlu, Sait Cemil
    Concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured in the drinking water in Province of İzmir, Turkey, and associated health risks due to ingestion of these compounds were investigated using population weighted random samples. A total of 100 houses were visited in different districts of İzmir and drinking water samples were collected from consumers' drinking water source. Questionnaires were administered to one participant in each house to determine demographics and drinking water consumption rates. Oral exposure and risks were estimated for each participant and İzmir population by deterministic and probabilistic approaches, respectively. The four trihalomethane (THM) species (i.e., chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, and bromoform), benzene, toluene, p-xylene, and naphthalene were the most frequently detected VOCs with concentrations ranging from below detection limit to 35 μg/l. The risk estimates were found to be less than the values reported in the literature with few exceptions. Noncarcinogenic risks attributable to ingestion of VOCs for İzmir population were negligible, whereas the mean carcinogenic risk estimates for bromodichloromethane and dibromochloromethane were above the de minimis level of one in a million (10-6). For all VOCs, the concentrations measured in metropolitan area were greater than those in other districts. All THM species were detected in higher concentrations in tap water, whereas nontap water contained more benzene, toluene, p-xylene, and naphthalene. Therefore, the concentrations of the latter four compounds and associated risks increased with increasing income and education level since bottled water was used in larger proportions within these subgroups. The results of this study showed that oral exposure to drinking water contaminants and associated risks may be higher than the acceptable levels even if the concentrations fall below the standards.