Molecular Biology and Genetics / Moleküler Biyoloji ve Genetik
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Letter Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Evaluating Ethanol Concentrations Against Staphylococcus Spp: a Proposal for Improving Nosocomial Bacteria Control(Elsevier, 2024) Soyer, Ferda; Özdemir, Özgün Öykü; Polat, Bengi; Ekenel, Nil HazalDear Editor, Nosocomial infections originating from commonly encountered pathogenic bacteria, notably Staphylococcus species, persist as a prominent global public health issue. This phenomenon exerts consequential impacts on both the well-being of patients and the healthcare personnel within hospital environments. Hospital-acquired infections from common bacteria like Staphylococcus remain a global public health concern. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control reports prevalence rates of 4.5% in the USA and 7.1% in Europe [1]. An estimated 8.9 million healthcare-associated infections occur annually in European hospitals and long-term care facilities [1]. According to the World Health Organization, although 10% of patients get healthcare-associated infections, at least a 30% reduction can be achieved through adequate infection prevention and control [2]. The efficacy of disinfection methodologies employed in healthcare institutions assumes critical significance in mitigating this threat.Article Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 4Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activities of 3-Hpaa Nanoparticles(Techno Press, 2021) Özdemir, Özgün Öykü; Soyer, FerdaEncapsulation of bioactive compounds (e.g., phenolic acids) into nanoparticles is a well-received technique in the searching for new antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant pathogens. Encapsulation can be a good technique to maintain the stability of phenolic acids against environmental conditions. In this study, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (3-HPAA) was encapsulated into alginate-chitosan nanoparticles with the ion gelation technique. The characterization of loaded and unloaded nanoparticles was performed via dynamic light scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. According to the results, 3-HPAA loaded nanoparticles have spherical shapes with a diameter range of 40-80 nm and an average hydrodynamic diameter of 361.0 +/- 69.8 nm. The loading of 3-HPAA was successfully achieved based on the Fourier transform infrared spectra and encapsulation percentage studies. The antimicrobial effect of the nanoparticles in solution forms was tested on P. aeruginosa, S. epidermidis, MRSA, and MSSA. The results demonstrated that the 3-HPAA loaded alginate chitosan nanoparticle solution showed elevated antimicrobial effect due to the pH change by treatment with 1% acetic acid, and it displayed bacteriocidal effects in a strain-specific and dose-dependent manner. Therefore, the 3-HPAA loaded alginate chitosan nanoparticle solution was produced successfully with the bacteriocidal effect against serious pathogenic bacteria.Article Citation - WoS: 11Citation - Scopus: 13Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Presents Multiple Vital Changes in Its Proteome in the Presence of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid, a Promising Antimicrobial Agent(American Chemical Society, 2020) Özdemir, Özgün O.; Soyer, FerdaPseudomonas aeruginosa, a widely distributed opportunistic pathogen, is an important threat to human health for causing serious infections worldwide. Due to its antibiotic resistance and virulence factors, it is so difficult to combat this bacterium; thus, new antimicrobial agents are in search. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (3-HPAA), which is a phenolic acid mostly found in olive oil wastewater, can be a promising candidate with its dose-dependent antimicrobial properties. Elucidating the molecular mechanism of action is crucial for future examinations and the presentation of 3-HPAA as a new agent. In this study, the antimicrobial activity of 3-HPAA on P. aeruginosa and its action mechanism was investigated via shot-gun proteomics. The data, which are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXDO16243, were examined by STRING analysis to determine the interaction networks of proteins. KEGG Pathway enrichment analysis via the DAVID bioinformatics tool was also performed to investigate the metabolic pathways that undetected and newly detected groups of the proteins. The results displayed remarkable changes after 3-HPAA exposure in the protein profile of P. aeruginosa related to DNA replication and repair, RNA modifications, ribosomes and proteins, cell envelope, oxidative stress, as well as nutrient availability. 3-HPAA showed its antimicrobial action on P. aeruginosa by affecting multiple bacterial processes; hence, it could be categorized as a multitarget antimicrobial agent.Article Citation - WoS: 27Citation - Scopus: 30Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Does Not Develop Resistance To Vanillic Acid and 2-Hydroxycinnamic Acid After Continuous Exposure in Vitro(American Chemical Society, 2019) Keman, Deniz; Soyer, FerdaDevelopment of resistance to antibiotics is one of the major reasons of difficulties in treatments of diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and this resistance makes the investigation of alternative antimicrobials a key priority. Phenolic acids are plant- and fungi-originating natural antimicrobial products, and there is no known bacterial resistance after exposure to them. The purpose of this study was to investigate the resistance ability of bacteria against phenolic acids. Therefore, the ability of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus to gain resistance against two phenolic acids and an antibiotic upon exposure to subinhibitory concentrations was tested. Herein, we evaluated the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of vanillic acid (VA), 2-hydroxycinnamic acid (2-HCA), and vancomycin in the beginning of the experiment and the MICs were found to be 2.5 mg/mL VA, 1.6 mg/mL 2-HCA, and 0.01 mg/mL vancomycin for both bacteria. Following continuous treatments with increasing subinhibitory concentrations, MICs were evaluated once more. Exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of vancomycin induced the development of resistance immediately; however, resistance to both phenolic acids could not be induced. These data indicated the potential of phenolic acids to be used as effective antimicrobials in the inhibition of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria.Article Citation - WoS: 12Citation - Scopus: 18Synergistic Antimicrobial Effects of Activated Lactoferrin and Rosemary Extract in Vitro and Potential Application in Meat Storage(Springer Verlag, 2020) Soyer, Ferda; Keman, Deniz; Eroğlu, Erdal; Türe, HasanThis study aimed to explore the antimicrobial effects of activated lactoferrin (ALF) and rosemary extract (RE) on Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Enteritidis and Listeria monocytogenes, and to investigate their application potential in the meat storage. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ALF, RE and ALF-RE combinations were determined via microtiter plate assay. MICs of ALF were 1% for E. coli O157:H7; 0.5% for S. Enteritidis and 0.1% for L. monocytogenes. While 15% RE inhibited L. monocytogenes; 30% RE partially inhibited E. coli O157:H7 and S. Enteritidis growth. Synergistic effect of ALF and RE on the inhibition of E. coli O157:H7 increased the activity of ALF two to three folds. Food application of antimicrobials was performed by dipping of meat samples. Both ALF and RE were found effective in the prevention of L. monocytogenes growth about two logs. According to the data, choice of natural antimicrobials may be promising in food preservation.Article Citation - WoS: 23Citation - Scopus: 29Physical Properties of Biopolymers Containing Natamycin and Rosemary Extract(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2009) Türe, Hasan; Özen, Fatma Banu; Eroğlu, Erdal; Soyer, Ferda; Özen, Banu; Soyer, FerdaAntifungal biopolymers were prepared by incorporating natamycin (NA) and NA + rosemary extract (RE) into wheat gluten (WG) and methyl cellulose (MC) films. Interaction between antimicrobial agents and biopolymers was determined with mid-infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Water vapour permeability and mechanical properties of these films were also measured. Mid-infrared spectroscopy did not indicate any interaction. SEM observations showed that NA crystallises at high concentrations in biopolymers. There were no significant changes in water vapour permeabilities of biopolymers containing active agents at P < 0.05. While NA incorporation did not result in any changes in mechanical properties of WG films a reduction in tensile strength was observed for MC films containing high concentration of NA. In general, active agent incorporation into WG and MC films did not result in any considerable changes in their physical properties that could affect their application.Article Citation - WoS: 66Citation - Scopus: 81Effect of Biopolymers Containing Natamycin Against Aspergillus Niger and Penicillium Roquefortii on Fresh Kashar Cheese(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2011) Türe, Hasan; Eroğlu, Erdal; Özen, Banu; Soyer, FerdaFungal spoilage during refrigerated storage is one of the main safety and quality-related problems for dairy products. The effect of wheat gluten (WG) and methyl cellulose (MC) biopolymers containing natamycin (NA) on the growth of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium roquefortii on the surface of fresh kashar cheese during storage at 10 C for 30 days was investigated. Wrapping of A. niger-inoculated cheese with MC films containing 5–20 mg NA per 10 g resulted in approximately 2-log reductions in spore count. Two mg NA per 10 g included into WG films was sufficient to eliminate A. niger on the surface of cheese. However, MC and WG films containing NA did not cause any significant decrease in P. roquefortii count on the cheese surface. Therefore, especially use WG films in dairy applications could be an effective way of controlling A. niger growth on these products.Article Citation - WoS: 66Citation - Scopus: 82Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Turkish Extra Virgin Olive Oils(American Chemical Society, 2010) Karaosmanoğlu, Hande; Soyer, Ferda; Özen, Banu; Tokatlı, FigenTurkish extra virgin olive oils (EVOO) from different varieties/ geographical origins and their phenolic compounds were investigated in terms of their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties in comparison to refined olive, hazelnut, and canola oils. Antimicrobial activity was tested against three foodborne pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella Enteritidis. Although all EVOOs showed a bactericidal effect, the individual phenolic compounds demonstrated only slight antimicrobial activity. Moreover, refined oil samples did not show any antimicrobial activity. Among the phenolic compounds, cinnamic acid (2 mg/kg of oil) had the highest percent inhibition value with 0.25 log reduction against L. monocytogenes. The synergistic interactions of tyrosol, vanillin, vanillic, and cinnamic acids were also observed against Salmonella Enteritidis. The antioxidant activities of oils were tested by β-carotene-linoleate model system and ABTS method. In both methods, EVOOs showed higher antioxidant activities, whereas refined oils had lower activity. The ABTS method provided a higher correlation (0.89) with total phenol content. © 2010 American Chemical Society.Article Citation - WoS: 46Citation - Scopus: 52Antifungal Activity of Biopolymers Containing Natamycin and Rosemary Extract Against Aspergillus Niger and Penicillium Roquefortii(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2008) Türe, Hasan; Eroğlu, Erdal; Soyer, Ferda; Özen, Fatma BanuAntimicrobial agent-releasing films have been proposed as an effective way of inhibiting chiefly surface spoilage of food products. Antifungal activities of natamycin (NA), rosemary extract (RE) and NA + RE were tested against Aspergillus niger and Penicillium roquefortii with agar disc diffusion assay. NA, RE and NA + RE were also included into biopolymers made from gluten and methyl cellulose. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of NA in both films were 2 and 1 mg NA per 10 g film solution against A. niger and P. roquefortii, respectively. RE did not show any inhibitory antifungal activity alone. Although NA incorporated into both films at a concentration of 1.5 mg NA per 10 g film solution was not effective against A. niger, combination of NA at the same concentration with RE in the films inhibited the growth of this mould. NA in solution or in biopolymers is very effective in inhibiting the growth of selected organisms, and RE acted synergistically with NA to prevent the growth of A. niger when incorporated into both films. © 2008 Institute of Food Science and Technology