Molecular Biology and Genetics / Moleküler Biyoloji ve Genetik
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/9
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Article Citation - WoS: 8Citation - Scopus: 8Association Analysis of Germination Level Cold Stress Tolerance and Candidate Gene Identification in Upland Cotton (gossypium Hirsutum L.)(Springer, 2022) Akköse Baytar, Asena; Peynircioğlu, Ceng; Sezener, Volkan; Frary, Anne; Doğanlar, SamiCotton originated from ancestors in the Gossypium genus that grew in semi-desert habitats. As a result, it is adversely affected by low temperatures especially during germination and the first weeks of growth. Despite this, there are relatively few molecular studies on cold stress in cotton. This limitation may present a future breeding handicap, as recent years have witnessed increased low temperature damage to cotton production. Cold tolerance is a sustainable approach to obtain good production in case of extreme cold. In the present study, 110 Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) genotypes were evaluated for cold tolerance at the germination stage. We identified vigorous genotypes with cold-related parameters that outperformed the panel’s average performance (x¯ = 76.9% CG, 83.9% CSI, 167.5 CWVI). Molecular genetic diversity analysis with 101 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers yielding 416 loci was used to select tolerant genotypes that could be important materials for breeding this trait. A total of 16 marker-cold tolerance trait associations (p < 0.005) were identified with 10 of them having major effects (PVE > 10%). Based on the positions of these markers, candidate genes for cold tolerance in the G. hirsutum genome were identified. Three of these markers (BNL0569, CIR081 and CIR202) are important candidates for use in marker-assisted breeding for cold tolerance because they mapped to genes previously associated with cold tolerance in other plant species such as Arabidopsis thaliana, rice and tomato.Article Citation - WoS: 7Citation - Scopus: 10Association Mapping of Agro-Morphological Traits in European Hazelnut (corylus Avellana)(Springer, 2019) Frary, Amy; Öztürk, Süleyman Can; Balık, Hüseyin İrfan; Balık, Selda Kayalak; Kızılcı, Gökhan; Doğanlar, Sami; Frary, AnneMore than half of European hazelnut (Corylus avellana) production occurs in Turkey. Despite this dominance, the yield of Turkish cultivars has remained stagnant over the past 10years with Italian yield nearly double that in Turkey. This difference is due to Turkey's unique cultivation system; hazelnuts are grown in bushy clusters (ocak system), not as single trees. Current hazelnut breeding efforts are shifting toward the development of materials for single plant orchards which are much higher yielding; thus, there is a need to explore germplasm for relevant agro-morphological traits and to determine their genetic control. The objectives of this study were to examine data for 44 such traits in 390 hazelnut accessions: 16 cultivars, 232 landraces and 142 wild individuals from nine provinces in Turkey and to map the loci associated with these characteristics using simple sequence repeat markers. Comparison of cultivars, landraces and wild hazelnut accessions revealed the effects of domestication and selection on the crop and indicated that useful alleles for traits such as cropping and reduced alternate bearing may exist in the wild germplasm. A total of 145 quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected with the largest proportions identified for involucre (26%) and inflorescence (14%) morphology. Several markers co-localized with more than one trait including markers for male catkin abundance which were shared with plant vigor and height. Similarly, markers for female flower abundance co-localized with suckering and alternate bearing. Such markers and their linked QTL should be studied in more detail as they might help breeders select for plant vigor, decreased suckering and increased flower production: traits which will be extremely useful for Turkey's transition to single plant orchards.Article Citation - WoS: 10Citation - Scopus: 13Analysis of European Hazelnut (corylus Avellana) Reveals Loci for Cultivar Improvement and the Effects of Domestication and Selection on Nut and Kernel Traits(Springer Verlag, 2019) Frary, Amy; Öztürk, Süleyman Can; Balık, Hüseyin İrfan; Kayalak Balık, Selda; Kızılcı, Gökhan; Doğanlar, Sami; Frary, AnneTurkey is a rich source of European hazelnut (Corylus avellana) germplasm with nearly 400 accessions in the national collection. This genetic material encompasses cultivars, landraces and wild genotypes which were characterized for 12 nut and 13 kernel traits over 2years in the 1990s. Analysis of these attributes revealed both the positive and negative impacts that human selection and breeding have had on hazelnut. Thus, while selection has resulted in larger nuts and kernels, cultivars have fewer nuts per cluster and kernels with larger internal cavities. Breeding has also resulted in a propensity for cultivars to have higher proportions of double kernels and empty nuts, two traits which reduce quality and yield. In addition, it is clear that while selection has successfully increased hazelnut fat content it has not impacted overall flavor, a much more complex trait. The nut and kernel phenotypic data were combined with genotypic data from 406 simple sequence repeat marker alleles for association mapping of the quantitative trait loci (QTL) for the traits. A total of 78 loci were detected in the population with the highest proportions for nut (24%) and kernel (26%) appearance parameters followed by quality (19%), shell thickness (16%) and yield-related (15%) traits. It is hoped that some of the identified QTL will be useful for future breeding of hazelnut for improved nut and kernel yield and quality.