PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / PubMed Indexed Publications Collection
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11147/7645
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Review Citation - WoS: 10Citation - Scopus: 12Genetic and Biotechnological Approaches To Improve Fruit Bioactive Content: a Focus on Eggplant and Tomato Anthocyanins(Mdpi, 2024) Cammareri, Maria; Frary, Amy; Frary, Anne; Grandillo, SilvanaAnthocyanins are a large group of water-soluble flavonoid pigments. These specialized metabolites are ubiquitous in the plant kingdom and play an essential role not only in plant reproduction and dispersal but also in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Anthocyanins are recognized as important health-promoting and chronic-disease-preventing components in the human diet. Therefore, interest in developing food crops with improved levels and compositions of these important nutraceuticals is growing. This review focuses on work conducted to elucidate the genetic control of the anthocyanin pathway and modulate anthocyanin content in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), two solanaceous fruit vegetables of worldwide relevance. While anthocyanin levels in eggplant fruit have always been an important quality trait, anthocyanin-based, purple-fruited tomato cultivars are currently a novelty. As detailed in this review, this difference in the anthocyanin content of the cultivated germplasm has largely influenced genetic studies as well as breeding and transgenic approaches to improve the anthocyanin content/profile of these two important solanaceous crops. The information provided should be of help to researchers and breeders in devising strategies to address the increasing consumer demand for nutraceutical foods.Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 6Comparison of Linear and Nonlinear Twist Extrusion Processes With Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Analysis(Mdpi, 2024) Simsek, Ulke; Davut, Kemal; Miyamoto, Hiroyuki; Yalcinkaya, TuncayThe mechanical characteristics of polycrystalline metallic materials are influenced significantly by various microstructural parameters, one of which is the grain size. Specifically, the strength and the toughness of polycrystalline metals exhibit enhancement as the grain size is reduced. Applying severe plastic deformations (SPDs) has a noticeable result in obtaining metallic materials with ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure. SPD, executed through conventional shaping methods like extrusion, plays a pivotal role in the evolution of the texture, which is closely related to the plastic behavior and ductility. A number of SPD processes have been developed to generate ultrafine-grained materials, each having a different shear deformation mechanism. Among these methods, linear twist extrusion (LTE) presents a non-uniform and non-monotonic form of severe plastic deformation, leading to significant shifts in the microstructure. Prior research demonstrates the capability of the LTE process to yield consistent, weak textures in pre-textured copper. However, limitations in production efficiency and the uneven distribution of grain refinement have curbed the widespread use of LTE in industrial settings. This has facilitated the development of an improved novel method, that surpasses the traditional approach, known as the nonlinear twist extrusion procedure (NLTE). The NLTE method innovatively adjusts the channel design of the mold within the twist section to mitigate strain reversal and the rotational movement of the workpiece, both of which have been identified as shortcomings of twist extrusion. Accurate anticipation of texture changes in SPD processes is essential for mold design and process parameter optimization. The performance of the proposed extrusion technique should still be studied. In this context, here, a single crystal (SC) of copper in billet form, passing through both LTE and NLTE, is analyzed, employing a rate-dependent crystal plasticity finite element (CPFE) framework. CPFE simulations were performed for both LTE and NLTE of SC copper specimens having <100> or <111> directions parallel to the extrusion direction initially. The texture evolution as well as the cross-sectional distribution of the stress and strain is studied in detail, and the performance of both processes is compared.Review Citation - WoS: 20Citation - Scopus: 21An Overview of Current Detection Methods for Rna Methylation(Mdpi, 2024) Saglam, Buket; Akgul, BunyaminEpitranscriptomic mechanisms, which constitute an important layer in post-transcriptional gene regulation, are involved in numerous cellular processes under health and disease such as stem cell development or cancer. Among various such mechanisms, RNA methylation is considered to have vital roles in eukaryotes primarily due to its dynamic and reversible nature. There are numerous RNA methylations that include, but are not limited to, 2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am), N7-methylguanosine (m7G), N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and N1-methyladenosine (m1A). These biochemical modifications modulate the fate of RNA by affecting the processes such as translation, target site determination, RNA processing, polyadenylation, splicing, structure, editing and stability. Thus, it is highly important to quantitatively measure the changes in RNA methylation marks to gain insight into cellular processes under health and disease. Although there are complicating challenges in identifying certain methylation marks genome wide, various methods have been developed recently to facilitate the quantitative measurement of methylated RNAs. To this end, the detection methods for RNA methylation can be classified in five categories such as antibody-based, digestion-based, ligation-based, hybridization-based or direct RNA-based methods. In this review, we have aimed to summarize our current understanding of the detection methods for RNA methylation, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages, along with the current challenges in the field.